Search NASA⌕ Search

DOE OSTI · 1674043

Materials Data on Er4ThCN4 by Materials Project

Abstract

ThEr4CN4 is alpha Po-derived structured and crystallizes in the tetragonal I4/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Th4+ is bonded to four equivalent C4- and two equivalent N3- atoms to form ThC4N2 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent ErN6 octahedra, corners with four equivalent ThC4N2 octahedra, edges with four equivalent ThC4N2 octahedra, and edges with eight equivalent ErCN5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. All Th–C bond lengths are 2.48 Å. Both Th–N bond lengths are 2.58 Å. There are two inequivalent Er3+ sites. In the first Er3+ site, Er3+ is bonded to one C4- and five N3- atoms to form ErCN5 octahedra that share corners with six ErCN5 octahedra, edges with four equivalent ThC4N2 octahedra, and edges with eight ErCN5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–3°. The Er–C bond length is 2.65 Å. There are one shorter (2.35 Å) and four longer (2.48 Å) Er–N bond lengths. In the second Er3+ site, Er3+ is bonded to six N3- atoms to form ErN6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one ThC4N2 octahedra, corners with five ErCN5 octahedra, and edges with twelve ErCN5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–1°. There are a spread of Er–N bond distances ranging from 2.40–2.48 Å. C4- is bonded to four equivalent Th4+ and two equivalent Er3+ atoms to form CEr2Th4 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent NEr6 octahedra, corners with four equivalent CEr2Th4 octahedra, edges with four equivalent CEr2Th4 octahedra, and edges with eight equivalent NEr5Th octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. There are two inequivalent N3- sites. In the first N3- site, N3- is bonded to one Th4+ and five Er3+ atoms to form NEr5Th octahedra that share corners with six NEr5Th octahedra, edges with four equivalent CEr2Th4 octahedra, and edges with eight NEr5Th octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–3°. In the second N3- site, N3- is bonded to six Er3+ atoms to form NEr6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one CEr2Th4 octahedra, corners with five NEr5Th octahedra, and edges with twelve NEr5Th octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–1°.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

2020-05-02. Materials Data on Er4ThCN4 by Materials Project. https://doi.org/10.17188/1674043

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related reports

Cyclic moisture reactivation of calcium sorbents for long duration thermochemical energy storage

The transition to a flexible and reliable energy infrastructure, using electro-thermal energy generation technologies such as geothermal, concentrated solar power, and nuclear, usually demands simultaneous advancement of thermal energy storage (TES) to support on-demand electricity generation and industrial applications while mitigating the inherent intermittency of renewable energy sources and power outages from direct energy generation. Among TES technologies, thermochemical energy storage (TCES) based on calcium looping emerges as a compelling high-power energy storage candidate due to its high reaction enthalpy, compatibility with elevated operating temperatures, and abundance of low-cost materials. However, the long-term durability of calcium-based sorbents for TCES is hindered by surface sintering and particle aggregation, leading to performance degradation over repeated thermal cycles. This study explores a moisture hydration-based strategy to regenerate a degraded calcium sorbent and mitigate performance degradation for long duration TCES. The addition of moisture transforms calcium oxide into calcium hydroxide and produces intercalation water layers, associated with a regenerated surface area and reduced calcium oxide crystallite size. Both these effects are beneficial in restoring the sorbents' reactivity for carbonization. Additionally, an optimized hydration-assisted reactivation protocol balances the recovered energy storage capacity with heating penalty required for moisture removal from hydrated samples, resulting in an enhanced energy storage capacity up to 176% compared to benchmark sorbents that undergo cycling without reactivation after 60 cycles. In conclusion, these results highlight the potential of hydration-assisted reactivation to enhance the long-term performance of TCES, providing an effective pathway to advancing electro-thermal storage technologies.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗