Search NASA⌕ Search

DOE OSTI · 1756937

Materials Data on KRbMg30O31 by Materials Project

Abstract

RbKMg30O31 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pmm2 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Rb1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are two shorter (2.33 Å) and two longer (2.57 Å) Rb–O bond lengths. K1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form KO6 octahedra that share corners with four MgO6 octahedra, edges with ten MgO6 octahedra, and edges with two equivalent MgO5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–3°. There are a spread of K–O bond distances ranging from 2.28–2.40 Å. There are sixteen inequivalent Mg2+ sites. In the first Mg2+ site, Mg2+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MgO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent KO6 octahedra, corners with four MgO6 octahedra, and edges with twelve MgO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–3°. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.23 Å. In the second Mg2+ site, Mg2+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MgO6 octahedra that share corners with four MgO6 octahedra, edges with ten MgO6 octahedra, and edges with two equivalent MgO5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–3°. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 2.00–2.29 Å. In the third Mg2+ site, Mg2+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MgO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent KO6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent MgO6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent MgO5 square pyramids, edges with ten MgO6 octahedra, and edges with two equivalent MgO5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–2°. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 1.90–2.30 Å. In the fourth Mg2+ site, Mg2+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form MgO5 square pyramids that share corners with four MgO6 octahedra, corners with four MgO5 square pyramids, and edges with eight MgO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 10°. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 1.93–2.14 Å. In the fifth Mg2+ site, Mg2+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing MgO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–3°. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 2.07–2.21 Å. In the sixth Mg2+ site, Mg2+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MgO6 octahedra that share corners with four MgO6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent MgO5 square pyramids, edges with ten MgO6 octahedra, and edges with two equivalent MgO5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–3°. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 2.04–2.23 Å. In the seventh Mg2+ site, Mg2+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MgO6 octahedra that share corners with six MgO6 octahedra, an edgeedge with one KO6 octahedra, edges with eight MgO6 octahedra, and edges with two MgO5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–10°. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 2.13–2.20 Å. In the eighth Mg2+ site, Mg2+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MgO6 octahedra that share corners with six MgO6 octahedra, edges with nine MgO6 octahedra, and edges with three MgO5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–7°. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 2.12–2.20 Å. In the ninth Mg2+ site, Mg2+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form distorted MgO5 square pyramids that share corners with four MgO6 octahedra, corners with four MgO5 square pyramids, an edgeedge with one KO6 octahedra, and edges with seven MgO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 11–12°. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–2.17 Å. In the tenth Mg2+ site, Mg2+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MgO6 octahedra that share corners with four MgO6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent MgO5 square pyramids, edges with ten MgO6 octahedra, and edges with two equivalent MgO5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–5°. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 2.12–2.23 Å. In the eleventh Mg2+ site, Mg2+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MgO6 octahedra that share corners with four MgO6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent MgO5 square pyramids, an edgeedge with one KO6 octahedra, edges with nine MgO6 octahedra, and an edgeedge with one MgO5 square pyramid. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 3–15°. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 2.07–2.31 Å. In the twelfth Mg2+ site, Mg2+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing MgO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–3°. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 2.15–2.19 Å. In the thirteenth Mg2+ site, Mg2+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MgO6 octahedra that share corners with four MgO6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent MgO5 square pyramids, an edgeedge with one KO6 octahedra, edges with nine MgO6 octahedra, and edges with two equivalent MgO5 square pyramids. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–11°. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 2.10–2.26 Å. In the fourteenth Mg2+ site, Mg2+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form distorted MgO5 square pyramids that share corners with four MgO6 octahedra, corners with four MgO5 square pyramids, and edges with eight MgO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–11°. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 1.90–2.17 Å. In the fifteenth Mg2+ site, Mg2+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MgO6 octahedra that share corners with six MgO6 octahedra, an edgeedge with one KO6 octahedra, and edges with eleven MgO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–11°. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 2.14–2.20 Å. In the sixteenth Mg2+ site, Mg2+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form MgO6 octahedra that share corners with four MgO6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent MgO5 square pyramids, edges with ten MgO6 octahedra, and an edgeedge with one MgO5 square pyramid. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 3–7°. There are a spread of Mg–O bond distances ranging from 2.10–2.30 Å. There are seventeen inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to one K1+ and five Mg2+ atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing OKMg5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–7°. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded to six Mg2+ atoms to form OMg6 octahedra that share corners with six OKMg5 octahedra and edges with twelve OMg6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–7°. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded to six Mg2+ atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing OMg6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–4°. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one K1+ and five Mg2+ atoms to form OKMg5 octahedra that share corners with four OKMg5 octahedra, corners with two equivalent OMg5 square pyramids, and edges with twelve OMg6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–6°. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded to five Mg2+ atoms to form OMg5 square pyramids that share corners with eight ORbMg5 octahedra and edges with eight OMg6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 7–88°. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded to six Mg2+ atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing OMg6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–6°. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to six Mg2+ atoms to form OMg6 octahedra that share corners with four OMg6 octahedra, corners with two equivalent OMg5 square pyramids, and edges with twelve OMg6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–2°. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded to six Mg2+ atoms to form OMg6 octahedra that share corners with six OMg6 octahedra and edges with eleven OKMg5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 1–17°. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded to six Mg2+ atoms to form OMg6 octahedra that share corners with six OMg6 octahedra, edges with eleven OKMg5 octahedra, and an edgeedge with one OMg5 square pyramid. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–6°. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Rb1+, one K1+, and four Mg2+ atoms to form OKRbMg4 octahedra that share corners with six OMg6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one OMg5 square pyramid, and edges with ten OKMg5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–53°. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to six Mg2+ atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing OMg6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 1–4°. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded to six Mg2+ atoms to form OMg6 octahedra that share corners with six OMg6 octahedra, edges with ten OKMg5 octahedra, and an edgeedge with one OMg5 square pyramid. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–21°. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to six Mg2+ atoms to form a mixture of corner and edge-sharing OMg6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 1–4°. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one K1+ and five Mg2+ atoms to form OKMg5 octahedra that share corners with six ORbMg5 octahedra and edges with twelve OKMg5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 3–10°. In the fifteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to one Rb1+ and five Mg2+ atoms to form distorted ORbMg5 octahedra that share corners with six ORbMg5 octahedra, a cornercorner with one OMg5 square pyramid, and edges with ten OMg6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 7–46°. In the sixteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to six Mg2+ atoms to form OMg6 octahedra that share corners with six OMg6 octahedra and edges with twelve OKMg5 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–7°. In the seventeenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to six Mg2+ atoms to form OMg6 octahedra that share corners with six ORbMg5 octahedra, edges with ten OMg6 octahedra, and an edgeedge with one OMg5 square pyramid. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 3–13°.

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

2020-09-03. Materials Data on KRbMg30O31 by Materials Project. https://doi.org/10.17188/1756937

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related reports

Cyclic moisture reactivation of calcium sorbents for long duration thermochemical energy storage

The transition to a flexible and reliable energy infrastructure, using electro-thermal energy generation technologies such as geothermal, concentrated solar power, and nuclear, usually demands simultaneous advancement of thermal energy storage (TES) to support on-demand electricity generation and industrial applications while mitigating the inherent intermittency of renewable energy sources and power outages from direct energy generation. Among TES technologies, thermochemical energy storage (TCES) based on calcium looping emerges as a compelling high-power energy storage candidate due to its high reaction enthalpy, compatibility with elevated operating temperatures, and abundance of low-cost materials. However, the long-term durability of calcium-based sorbents for TCES is hindered by surface sintering and particle aggregation, leading to performance degradation over repeated thermal cycles. This study explores a moisture hydration-based strategy to regenerate a degraded calcium sorbent and mitigate performance degradation for long duration TCES. The addition of moisture transforms calcium oxide into calcium hydroxide and produces intercalation water layers, associated with a regenerated surface area and reduced calcium oxide crystallite size. Both these effects are beneficial in restoring the sorbents' reactivity for carbonization. Additionally, an optimized hydration-assisted reactivation protocol balances the recovered energy storage capacity with heating penalty required for moisture removal from hydrated samples, resulting in an enhanced energy storage capacity up to 176% compared to benchmark sorbents that undergo cycling without reactivation after 60 cycles. In conclusion, these results highlight the potential of hydration-assisted reactivation to enhance the long-term performance of TCES, providing an effective pathway to advancing electro-thermal storage technologies.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗