Electrolyte salts for rechargeable magnesium-ion batteries

Abstract

Magnesium salts suitable for use in an electrolyte for a magnesium ion electrochemical cell are described herein. The salts are magnesium tetra(perfluoroalkoxy)metalates, optionally solvated with up to seven ether molecules coordinated to the magnesium ion thereof. In one embodiment, the salt has the empirical formula: Mg(Z) n 2+ [M(OCR 3 ) 4 − ] 2 (Formula (I)) wherein Z is an ether; n is 0 to about 7; M is Al or B; and each R independently is a perfluoroalkyl group (e.g., C 1 to C 10 perfluoroalkyl). The magnesium salts of Formula (I) are suitable for use as electrolyte salts for magnesium ion batteries (e.g., 5 V class magnesium batteries) and exhibit a wide redox window that is particularly compatible with magnesium anode. The salts are relatively cost effective to prepare by methods described herein, which are conveniently scalable to levels suitable for commercial production.