Fabrication processes for solid state electrochemical devices

Abstract

This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to electrode structures. In one aspect, a method includes: providing an electrode layer comprising a ceramic, the ceramic being porous; providing a catalyst precursor, the catalyst precursor being a cathode catalyst precursor or an anode catalyst precursor; infiltrating the catalyst precursor in a first side of the electrode layer; after the infiltrating operation, heating the electrode layer to about 750° C. to 950° C., the catalyst precursor forming a catalyst, the catalyst being a cathode catalyst or an anode catalyst; infiltrating the catalyst precursor in the first side of the electrode layer; after the infiltrating operation, heating the electrode layer to about 300° C. to 700° C., the catalyst precursor forming the catalyst, the catalyst being the cathode catalyst or the anode catalyst.