Gate-Tunable Proximity Effects in Graphene on Layered Magnetic Insulators

Tseng, Chun-Chih; Song, Tiancheng; Jiang, Qianni; Lin, Zhong; Wang, Chong; Suh, Jaehyun; Watanabe, Kenji; Taniguchi, Takashi; McGuire, Michael A.; Xiao, Di; Chu, Jiun-Haw; Cobden, David H.; Xu, Xiaodong; Yankowitz, Matthew

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02931

DOE OSTI · 1901743

Gate-Tunable Proximity Effects in Graphene on Layered Magnetic Insulators

Tseng, Chun-Chih·Song, Tiancheng·Jiang, Qianni·Lin, Zhong·Wang, Chong·Suh, Jaehyun·Watanabe, Kenji·Taniguchi, Takashi·McGuire, Michael A.·Xiao, Di·Chu, Jiun-Haw·Cobden, David H.·Xu, Xiaodong·Yankowitz, Matthew

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Abstract

The extreme versatility of van der Waals materials derives from their ability to exhibit new electronic properties when assembled in proximity with dissimilar crystals. 1 For example, although graphene is inherently non-magnetic, recent work has reported a magnetic proximity effect in graphene interfaced with magnetic substrates, potentially enabling a pathway towards achieving a high-temperature quantum anomalous Hall effect. Here, we investigate heterostructures of graphene and chromium trihalide magnetic insulators (CrI 3 , CrBr 3 , and CrCl 3 ). Surprisingly, we are unable to detect a magnetic exchange field in the graphene, but instead discover proximity effects featuring unprecedented gate-tunability. The graphene becomes highly hole-doped due to charge transfer from the neighboring magnetic insulator, and further exhibits a variety of atypical gate-dependent transport features. The charge transfer can additionally be altered upon switching the magnetic states of the nearest CrI 3 layers. In conclusion, our results provide a roadmap for exploiting proximity effects arising in graphene coupled to magnetic insulators.

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2D magnet 77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY graphene modulation doping proximity effect van der Waals heterostructure

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Tseng, Chun-Chih, Song, Tiancheng, Jiang, Qianni, Lin, Zhong, Wang, Chong, Suh, Jaehyun, Watanabe, Kenji, Taniguchi, Takashi, McGuire, Michael A., Xiao, Di, Chu, Jiun-Haw, Cobden, David H., Xu, Xiaodong, Yankowitz, Matthew. 2022-10-24. Gate-Tunable Proximity Effects in Graphene on Layered Magnetic Insulators. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02931

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