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DOE OSTI · 22080297

Note: The intermodulation lockin analyzer

Tholen, Erik A·Hutter, Carsten·Platz, Daniel·Forchheimer, Daniel·Haviland, David B·Schuler, Vivien·ENS Cachan, Paris·Tholen, Mats O
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Abstract

Nonlinear systems can be probed by driving them with two or more pure tones while measuring the intermodulation products of the drive tones in the response. We describe a digital lockin analyzer which is designed explicitly for this purpose. The analyzer is implemented on a field-programmable gate array, providing speed in analysis, real-time feedback, and stability in operation. The use of the analyzer is demonstrated for intermodulation atomic force microscopy. A generalization of the intermodulation spectral technique to arbitrary drive waveforms is discussed.

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46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY71 CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICSATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPYFREQUENCY MEASUREMENTFREQUENCY MODULATIONNONLINEAR PROBLEMSREAL TIME SYSTEMSSTABILITYWAVE FORMS

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Tholen, Erik A, Hutter, Carsten, Platz, Daniel, Forchheimer, Daniel, Haviland, David B, Schuler, Vivien, ENS Cachan, Paris, Tholen, Mats O. 2011-02-15. Note: The intermodulation lockin analyzer. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3541791

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