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Development of systematic uncertainty-aware neural network trainings for binned-likelihood analyses at the LHC

Chekhovsky, V. [Yerevan Physics Institute]·Hayrapetyan, A. [Yerevan Physics Institute]·Makarenko, V. [Yerevan Physics Institute] (ORCID:0000000284068605)·Tumasyan, A. [Yerevan Physics Institute; Yerevan State University] (ORCID:0009000006846742)·Adam, W. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000190994341)·Andrejkovic, J. W. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik]·Benato, L. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000151357489)·Bergauer, T. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000257860293)·Chatterjee, S. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000326600349)·Damanakis, K. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000153892872)·Dragicevic, M. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000319676783)·Hussain, P. S. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000248255278)·Jeitler, M. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik; TU Wien] (ORCID:0000000251419560)·Krammer, N. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000205480985)·Li, A. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:000000024547116X)·Liko, D. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:000000023380473X)·Mikulec, I. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000303852746)·Schieck, J. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik; TU Wien] (ORCID:0000000210588093)·Schöfbeck, R. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik; TU Wien] (ORCID:0000000223328784)·Schwarz, D. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000238217331)·Sonawane, M. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000305107010)·Waltenberger, W. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000262157228)·Wulz, C.-E. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik; TU Wien] (ORCID:0000000192265812)·Janssen, T. [Universiteit Antwerpen] (ORCID:0000000239984081)·Kwon, H. [Universiteit Antwerpen] (ORCID:0009000251655018)·Van Laer, T. [Universiteit Antwerpen]·Van Mechelen, P. [Universiteit Antwerpen] (ORCID:0000000287319051)·Breugelmans, N. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel]·D’Hondt, J. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000295986241)·Dansana, S. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000277527471)·De Moor, A. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000159641935)·Delcourt, M. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000182061787)·Heyen, F. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel]·Hong, Y. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000347522458)·Lowette, S. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000339849987)·Makarenko, I. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000285534508)·Müller, D. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000217524527)·Tavernier, S. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000267929522)·Tytgat, M. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000239902074)·Van Onsem, G. P. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000216642337)·Van Putte, S. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000315593606)·Vannerom, D. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000227475095)·Bilin, B. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000314397128)·Clerbaux, B. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000185478211)·Das, A. K. [Université Libre de Bruxelles]·De Bruyn, I. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000317044360)·De Lentdecker, G. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000151247693)·Evard, H. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0009000550391462)·Favart, L. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000316457454)·Gianneios, P. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0009000372330738)·Khalilzadeh, A. [Université Libre de Bruxelles]·Khan, F. A. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:000900022039277X)·Lee, K. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000308084184)·Malara, A. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000186459282)·Shahzad, M. A. [Université Libre de Bruxelles]·Thomas, L. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000227563853)·Vanden Bemden, M. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0009000077257945)·Vander Velde, C. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000333927294)·Vanlaer, P. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000279314496)·De Coen, M. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000258547442)·Dobur, D. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000300124866)·Gokbulut, G. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000201756454)·Knolle, J. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000247815704)·Lambrecht, L. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000191081560)·Marckx, D. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000167522290)·Skovpen, K. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000211600621)·Van Den Bossche, N. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000329734991)·van der Linden, J. [Ghent University] (ORCID:000000027174781X)·Vandenbroeck, J. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0009000461413404)·Wezenbeek, L. [Ghent University] (ORCID:000000016952891X)·Bein, S. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000193877407)·Benecke, A. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000302523609)·Bethani, A. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000281507043)·Bruno, G. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000188578197)·Caputo, C. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000175224808)·De Favereau De Jeneret, J. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000317758574)·Delaere, C. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000187076021)·Donertas, I. S. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:000000017485412X)·Giammanco, A. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000196408294)·Guzel, A. O. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000294045933)·Jain, S a. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000150783689)·Lemaitre, V. [Université Catholique de Louvain]·Lidrych, J. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000314390196)·Mastrapasqua, P. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000220432367)·Tran, T. T. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:000000033060350X)·Turkcapar, S. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000326080494)·Alves, G. A. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas] (ORCID:0000000283691446)·Coelho, E. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas] (ORCID:0000000161149907)·Correia Silva, G. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas] (ORCID:0000000162323591)·Hensel, C. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas] (ORCID:0000000188747624)·Menezes De Oliveira, T. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas] (ORCID:0009000947298354)·Mora Herrera, C. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:0000000339153170)·Rebello Teles, P. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas] (ORCID:0000000190298506)·Soeiro, M. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas]·Tonelli Manganote, E. J. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas; FACAMP-Faculdades de Campinas] (ORCID:0000000324598521)·Vilela Pereira, A. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:0000000331774626)·Aldá Júnior, W. L. [Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:0000000158559817)·Barroso Ferreira Filho, M. [Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:0000000339040571)·Brandao Malbouisson, H. [Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:000000021326318X)·Carvalho, W. [Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:0000000307386615)
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Abstract

We propose a neural network training method capable of accounting for the effects of systematic variations of the data model in the training process and describe its extension towards neural network multiclass classification. The procedure is evaluated on the realistic case of the measurement of Higgs boson production via gluon fusion and vector boson fusion in the τ τ decay channel at the CMS experiment. The neural network output functions are used to infer the signal strengths for inclusive production of Higgs bosons as well as for their production via gluon fusion and vector boson fusion. We observe improvements of 12 and 16% in the uncertainty in the signal strengths for gluon and vector-boson fusion, respectively, compared with a conventional neural network training based on cross-entropy.

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Chekhovsky, V. [Yerevan Physics Institute], Hayrapetyan, A. [Yerevan Physics Institute], Makarenko, V. [Yerevan Physics Institute] (ORCID:0000000284068605), Tumasyan, A. [Yerevan Physics Institute; Yerevan State University] (ORCID:0009000006846742), Adam, W. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000190994341), Andrejkovic, J. W. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik], Benato, L. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000151357489), Bergauer, T. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000257860293), Chatterjee, S. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000326600349), Damanakis, K. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000153892872), Dragicevic, M. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000319676783), Hussain, P. S. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000248255278), Jeitler, M. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik; TU Wien] (ORCID:0000000251419560), Krammer, N. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000205480985), Li, A. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:000000024547116X), Liko, D. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:000000023380473X), Mikulec, I. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000303852746), Schieck, J. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik; TU Wien] (ORCID:0000000210588093), Schöfbeck, R. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik; TU Wien] (ORCID:0000000223328784), Schwarz, D. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000238217331), Sonawane, M. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000305107010), Waltenberger, W. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik] (ORCID:0000000262157228), Wulz, C.-E. [Institut für Hochenergiephysik; TU Wien] (ORCID:0000000192265812), Janssen, T. [Universiteit Antwerpen] (ORCID:0000000239984081), Kwon, H. [Universiteit Antwerpen] (ORCID:0009000251655018), Van Laer, T. [Universiteit Antwerpen], Van Mechelen, P. [Universiteit Antwerpen] (ORCID:0000000287319051), Breugelmans, N. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel], D’Hondt, J. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000295986241), Dansana, S. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000277527471), De Moor, A. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000159641935), Delcourt, M. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000182061787), Heyen, F. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel], Hong, Y. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000347522458), Lowette, S. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000339849987), Makarenko, I. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000285534508), Müller, D. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000217524527), Tavernier, S. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000267929522), Tytgat, M. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel; Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000239902074), Van Onsem, G. P. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000216642337), Van Putte, S. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000315593606), Vannerom, D. [Vrije Universiteit Brussel] (ORCID:0000000227475095), Bilin, B. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000314397128), Clerbaux, B. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000185478211), Das, A. K. [Université Libre de Bruxelles], De Bruyn, I. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000317044360), De Lentdecker, G. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000151247693), Evard, H. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0009000550391462), Favart, L. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000316457454), Gianneios, P. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0009000372330738), Khalilzadeh, A. [Université Libre de Bruxelles], Khan, F. A. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:000900022039277X), Lee, K. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000308084184), Malara, A. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000186459282), Shahzad, M. A. [Université Libre de Bruxelles], Thomas, L. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000227563853), Vanden Bemden, M. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0009000077257945), Vander Velde, C. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000333927294), Vanlaer, P. [Université Libre de Bruxelles] (ORCID:0000000279314496), De Coen, M. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000258547442), Dobur, D. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000300124866), Gokbulut, G. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000201756454), Knolle, J. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000247815704), Lambrecht, L. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000191081560), Marckx, D. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000167522290), Skovpen, K. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000211600621), Van Den Bossche, N. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0000000329734991), van der Linden, J. [Ghent University] (ORCID:000000027174781X), Vandenbroeck, J. [Ghent University] (ORCID:0009000461413404), Wezenbeek, L. [Ghent University] (ORCID:000000016952891X), Bein, S. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000193877407), Benecke, A. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000302523609), Bethani, A. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000281507043), Bruno, G. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000188578197), Caputo, C. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000175224808), De Favereau De Jeneret, J. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000317758574), Delaere, C. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000187076021), Donertas, I. S. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:000000017485412X), Giammanco, A. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000196408294), Guzel, A. O. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000294045933), Jain, S a. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000150783689), Lemaitre, V. [Université Catholique de Louvain], Lidrych, J. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000314390196), Mastrapasqua, P. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000220432367), Tran, T. T. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:000000033060350X), Turkcapar, S. [Université Catholique de Louvain] (ORCID:0000000326080494), Alves, G. A. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas] (ORCID:0000000283691446), Coelho, E. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas] (ORCID:0000000161149907), Correia Silva, G. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas] (ORCID:0000000162323591), Hensel, C. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas] (ORCID:0000000188747624), Menezes De Oliveira, T. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas] (ORCID:0009000947298354), Mora Herrera, C. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:0000000339153170), Rebello Teles, P. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas] (ORCID:0000000190298506), Soeiro, M. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas], Tonelli Manganote, E. J. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas; FACAMP-Faculdades de Campinas] (ORCID:0000000324598521), Vilela Pereira, A. [Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:0000000331774626), Aldá Júnior, W. L. [Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:0000000158559817), Barroso Ferreira Filho, M. [Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:0000000339040571), Brandao Malbouisson, H. [Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:000000021326318X), Carvalho, W. [Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro] (ORCID:0000000307386615). 2025-11-26. Development of systematic uncertainty-aware neural network trainings for binned-likelihood analyses at the LHC. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc%2Fs10052-025-14713-w

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