Search NASA⌕ Search
Home/Archive/DOE OSTI

DOE OSTI · 2526235

A High-Speed, High-Resolution Transition Edge Sensor Spectrometer for Soft X-Rays at the Advanced Photon Source

Quaranta, Orlando [Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)] (ORCID:0000000279183991)·Jensen, Don [Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)]·Morgan, Kelsey [National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO (United States)] (ORCID:0000000265971030)·Weber, Joel C. [National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO (United States)]·McChesney, Jessica L. [Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)]·Zheng, Hao [Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)]·Guruswamy, Tejas [Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)] (ORCID:0000000241656765)·Baldwin, Jonathan [Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)]·Mates, Ben [National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO (United States)]·Ortiz, Nathan [National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO (United States)]·Gard, Johnathon [National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO (United States)] (ORCID:0000000341959544)·Bennet, Doug [National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO (United States)] (ORCID:0000000330113690)·Schmidt, Dan [National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO (United States)] (ORCID:0000000257640194)·Gades, Lisa [Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)]·Miceli, Antonino [Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)] (ORCID:0000000159945402)
View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

This project explores the design and development of a transition edge sensor (TES) spectrometer for resonant soft X-ray scattering (RSXS) measurements developed in collaboration between Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Soft X-ray scattering is a powerful technique for studying the electronic and magnetic properties of materials on a microscopic level. However, the lack of high-performance soft X-ray spectrometers has limited the potential of this technique. TES spectrometers have the potential to overcome these limitations due to their high energy resolution, high efficiency, and broad energy range. This project aims to optimize the design of a TES spectrometer for RSXS measurements and more generally soft X-ray spectroscopy at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) 29-ID, leading to improved understanding of advanced materials. We will present a detailed description of the instrument design and implementation. The spectrometer consists of a large array of approximately 250 high-speed and high-resolution pixels. The pixels have saturation energies of approximately 1 keV, sub-ms pulse duration and energy resolution of approximately 1 eV. The array is read out using microwave multiplexing chips with MHz bandwidth per channel, enabling efficient data throughput. To facilitate measurement of samples in situ under ultra-high vacuum conditions at the beamline, the spectrometer is integrated with an approximately 1 m long snout.

Explore related subjects

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND SUPERFLUIDITYBeamlineCryogenicDetectorEnergy resolutionField programmable gate arraysIronMultiplexingPhotonicsResonant soft X-ray scatteringScatteringSpectroscopySuperconductivityThermometersTransition edge sensor

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Quaranta, Orlando [Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)] (ORCID:0000000279183991), Jensen, Don [Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)], Morgan, Kelsey [National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO (United States)] (ORCID:0000000265971030), Weber, Joel C. [National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO (United States)], McChesney, Jessica L. [Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)], Zheng, Hao [Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)], Guruswamy, Tejas [Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)] (ORCID:0000000241656765), Baldwin, Jonathan [Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)], Mates, Ben [National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO (United States)], Ortiz, Nathan [National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO (United States)], Gard, Johnathon [National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO (United States)] (ORCID:0000000341959544), Bennet, Doug [National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO (United States)] (ORCID:0000000330113690), Schmidt, Dan [National Inst. of Standards and Technology (NIST), Boulder, CO (United States)] (ORCID:0000000257640194), Gades, Lisa [Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)], Miceli, Antonino [Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Argonne, IL (United States)] (ORCID:0000000159945402). 2025-01-14. A High-Speed, High-Resolution Transition Edge Sensor Spectrometer for Soft X-Rays at the Advanced Photon Source. https://doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2025.3526110

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related reports

DOE OSTI2026

STM/S Grid LDOS Data and Analysis Code for Deciphering Majorana Zero Modes in Topological Superconductor

This dataset provides raw millikelvin scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/S) grid spectroscopy data and Python analysis scripts supporting the manuscript “Deciphering Majorana Zero Modes in Topological Superconductor FeTe0.55Se0.45 with Machine-Learning-Assisted Spectral Deconvolution.” The dataset includes a raw grid spectroscopy file acquired on FeTe0.55Se0.45 at 40 mK under magnetic field, together with Python/Jupytext analysis scripts used for STM/S data processing, visualization, spectral deconvolution, Lorentzian peak fitting, feature extraction, machine-learning-assisted clustering, and figure generation. These files support the analysis of vortex-core local density of states and the identification of zero-bias-peak-related spectral components from complex in-gap states. The dataset is intended to provide a citable archival record of the data and analysis code associated with the published manuscript and to support transparency and reproducibility of the reported STM/S and machine-learning workflow.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗
DOE OSTI2026

Dielectric Resonator Design for Low Power and Low Temperature Microwave Plasma

Waveguide-based microwave plasmas generally operate at high temperatures (2000 - 6000K)[1], making it difficult to directly interface solid materials with the plasma without significant thermal damage. Dielectric microwave resonators (DMRs), long studied for wave-based manipulation of electromagnetic radiation for telecom and optics, can focus radiation to extremely small mode volumes, creating intense localized fields with low-power input.[2] This phenomenon can be used for applications ranging from efficient plasma electronics to near-ambient plasma-materials interactions. Such DMR-based plasmas have been demonstrated a handful of times in the literature, but the majority of research towards this utilize the lowest frequency resonance mode.[3], [4], [5] By carefully controlling the geometry of cylindrical resonators, a variety of electromagnetic modes can be excited. In this work, COMSOL Multiphysics simulations are used to study the electric field enhancement and absorption properties of CaTiO3 DMRs as a function of geometry and excitation frequency. Whereas previous studies have utilized the HEM111 resonance frequency to drive low power plasma excitation, we find that higher order resonance frequencies are more effective at field enhancement and result in less power loss within the dielectric material, hence less wasted heating. The effectiveness of these modes is also geometry dependent and can be computationally optimized for plasma generation. Complementing these computational efforts, we demonstrate a new closed-system reactor design built in a WR-650 waveguide and experimentally demonstrate the formation of atmospheric argon microwave plasma using < 30 W input power on DMR dimers. We observe a shifting resonance frequency as the DMRs heat in response to microwave excitation and develop a Python-based lock-in mechanism to effectively track the DMR resonance over time, leading to stable plasma operation. We use infrared thermal imaging to monitor the temperature of the DMR dimers and surrounding quartz chamber, demonstrating thermal temperatures < 60 degreesC. Finally, we utilize optical emission spectroscopy (OES) to probe the plasma properties as a function of the resonance mode.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗