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DOE OSTI · 2544981

Good plasmons in a bad metal

Ruta, Francesco L. [Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000287469420)·Shao, Yinming [Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000228910028)·Acharya, Swagata [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)] (ORCID:0000000180740030)·Mu, Anqi [Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000232845759)·Jo, Na Hyun [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)] (ORCID:0000000340656429)·Ryu, Sae Hee [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)] (ORCID:0000000332077582)·Balatsky, Daria [University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)] (ORCID:000000026802731X)·Su, Yifan [Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000223953053)·Pashov, Dimitar [King's College, London (United Kingdom)] (ORCID:0000000242929745)·Kim, Brian S. Y. [Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000230244220)·Katsnelson, Mikhail I. [Radboud University, Nijmegen (Netherlands)] (ORCID:0000000151657553)·Analytis, James G. [University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Toronto, ON (Canada); Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, CA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000276577688)·Rotenberg, Eli [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)] (ORCID:0000000239798844)·Millis, Andrew J. [Columbia University, New York, NY (United States); Flatiron Institute, New York, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000194136344)·van Schilfgaarde, Mark [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); University of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)] (ORCID:0000000312104459)·Basov, D. N. [Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000197855387)
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Abstract

Correlated metals may exhibit unusually high resistivity that increases linearly in temperature, breaking through the Mott-Ioffe-Regel bound, above which coherent quasiparticles are destroyed. The fate of collective charge excitations, or plasmons, in these systems is a subject of debate. Several studies have suggested that plasmons are overdamped, whereas other studies have detected propagating plasmons. Here, in this work, we present direct nano-optical images of low-loss hyperbolic plasmon polaritons (HPPs) in the correlated van der Waals metal MoOCl 2 . HPPs are plasmon-photon modes that waveguide through extremely anisotropic media and are remarkably long-lived in MoOCl 2 . Photoemission data presented here reveal a highly anisotropic Fermi surface, reconstructed and made partly incoherent, likely through electronic interactions as explained by many-body theory. HPPs remain long-lived despite this, revealing previously unseen imprints of many-body effects on plasmonic collective modes.

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCEbad metalshyperbolic plasmonswaveguides

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Ruta, Francesco L. [Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000287469420), Shao, Yinming [Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000228910028), Acharya, Swagata [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)] (ORCID:0000000180740030), Mu, Anqi [Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000232845759), Jo, Na Hyun [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS); University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (United States)] (ORCID:0000000340656429), Ryu, Sae Hee [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)] (ORCID:0000000332077582), Balatsky, Daria [University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States)] (ORCID:000000026802731X), Su, Yifan [Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000223953053), Pashov, Dimitar [King's College, London (United Kingdom)] (ORCID:0000000242929745), Kim, Brian S. Y. [Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000230244220), Katsnelson, Mikhail I. [Radboud University, Nijmegen (Netherlands)] (ORCID:0000000151657553), Analytis, James G. [University of California, Berkeley, CA (United States); Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Toronto, ON (Canada); Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, CA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000276577688), Rotenberg, Eli [Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, CA (United States). Advanced Light Source (ALS)] (ORCID:0000000239798844), Millis, Andrew J. [Columbia University, New York, NY (United States); Flatiron Institute, New York, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000194136344), van Schilfgaarde, Mark [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States); University of Colorado, Boulder, CO (United States)] (ORCID:0000000312104459), Basov, D. N. [Columbia University, New York, NY (United States)] (ORCID:0000000197855387). 2025-02-14. Good plasmons in a bad metal. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adr5926

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Cyclic moisture reactivation of calcium sorbents for long duration thermochemical energy storage

The transition to a flexible and reliable energy infrastructure, using electro-thermal energy generation technologies such as geothermal, concentrated solar power, and nuclear, usually demands simultaneous advancement of thermal energy storage (TES) to support on-demand electricity generation and industrial applications while mitigating the inherent intermittency of renewable energy sources and power outages from direct energy generation. Among TES technologies, thermochemical energy storage (TCES) based on calcium looping emerges as a compelling high-power energy storage candidate due to its high reaction enthalpy, compatibility with elevated operating temperatures, and abundance of low-cost materials. However, the long-term durability of calcium-based sorbents for TCES is hindered by surface sintering and particle aggregation, leading to performance degradation over repeated thermal cycles. This study explores a moisture hydration-based strategy to regenerate a degraded calcium sorbent and mitigate performance degradation for long duration TCES. The addition of moisture transforms calcium oxide into calcium hydroxide and produces intercalation water layers, associated with a regenerated surface area and reduced calcium oxide crystallite size. Both these effects are beneficial in restoring the sorbents' reactivity for carbonization. Additionally, an optimized hydration-assisted reactivation protocol balances the recovered energy storage capacity with heating penalty required for moisture removal from hydrated samples, resulting in an enhanced energy storage capacity up to 176% compared to benchmark sorbents that undergo cycling without reactivation after 60 cycles. In conclusion, these results highlight the potential of hydration-assisted reactivation to enhance the long-term performance of TCES, providing an effective pathway to advancing electro-thermal storage technologies.

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