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DOE OSTI · 2903514

Squeezing quantum states in three-dimensional twisted crystals

Phong, Võ Tiến [Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL (United States); National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL (United States)]·Kunkelmann, Kason [University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000445002787)·De Beule, Christophe [University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000262147150)·Al Ezzi, Mohammed M. [National University of Singapore (Singapore)] (ORCID:000900018016726X)·Slager, Robert-Jan [Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge (United Kingdom)] (ORCID:0000000190555218)·Adam, Shaffique [Washington University in St. Louis, MO (United States); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States); National University of Singapore (Singapore)] (ORCID:0000000230959920)·Mele, E. J. [University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000171405353)
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Abstract

Bloch's theorem provides a conventional starting point for describing wave propagation in periodic media, but in ordered materials where competing spatial periods coexist it is rendered ineffective, often with dramatic consequences. Here we develop an alternate approach that uses coherent free-particle vortex states to study quantum states in supertwisted crystals: three-dimensional stacks of atomically thin two-dimensional layers. Here, this formalism leads naturally to the representation of the spectrum using squeezed coherent states, and it reveals the crucial role of a Coriolis coupling in the equations of motion. This identifies an underlying noncommutative geometry and novel edge state structure in a family of complex ordered structures.

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCE77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGYEdge statesLandau levelsTopological Phases of MatterTwistronics

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Phong, Võ Tiến [Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL (United States); National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Tallahassee, FL (United States)], Kunkelmann, Kason [University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States)] (ORCID:0009000445002787), De Beule, Christophe [University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000262147150), Al Ezzi, Mohammed M. [National University of Singapore (Singapore)] (ORCID:000900018016726X), Slager, Robert-Jan [Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge (United Kingdom)] (ORCID:0000000190555218), Adam, Shaffique [Washington University in St. Louis, MO (United States); University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States); National University of Singapore (Singapore)] (ORCID:0000000230959920), Mele, E. J. [University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000171405353). 2025-06-25. Squeezing quantum states in three-dimensional twisted crystals. https://doi.org/10.1103/cj2q-f9q2

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCE subject77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY subjectEdge states subjectLandau levels subjectTopological Phases of Matter subjectTwistronics subject

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DOE OSTI2026

Cyclic moisture reactivation of calcium sorbents for long duration thermochemical energy storage

The transition to a flexible and reliable energy infrastructure, using electro-thermal energy generation technologies such as geothermal, concentrated solar power, and nuclear, usually demands simultaneous advancement of thermal energy storage (TES) to support on-demand electricity generation and industrial applications while mitigating the inherent intermittency of renewable energy sources and power outages from direct energy generation. Among TES technologies, thermochemical energy storage (TCES) based on calcium looping emerges as a compelling high-power energy storage candidate due to its high reaction enthalpy, compatibility with elevated operating temperatures, and abundance of low-cost materials. However, the long-term durability of calcium-based sorbents for TCES is hindered by surface sintering and particle aggregation, leading to performance degradation over repeated thermal cycles. This study explores a moisture hydration-based strategy to regenerate a degraded calcium sorbent and mitigate performance degradation for long duration TCES. The addition of moisture transforms calcium oxide into calcium hydroxide and produces intercalation water layers, associated with a regenerated surface area and reduced calcium oxide crystallite size. Both these effects are beneficial in restoring the sorbents' reactivity for carbonization. Additionally, an optimized hydration-assisted reactivation protocol balances the recovered energy storage capacity with heating penalty required for moisture removal from hydrated samples, resulting in an enhanced energy storage capacity up to 176% compared to benchmark sorbents that undergo cycling without reactivation after 60 cycles. In conclusion, these results highlight the potential of hydration-assisted reactivation to enhance the long-term performance of TCES, providing an effective pathway to advancing electro-thermal storage technologies.

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