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Performance of an optical TPC Geant4 simulation with opticks GPU-accelerated photon propagation

Parmaksiz, I. [Iowa State University; University of Texas at Arlington] (ORCID:0009000214783977)·Mistry, K. [University of Texas at Arlington] (ORCID:0000000175337482)·Church, E. [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)] (ORCID:0000000201555812)·Adams, C. [Argonne National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000213270726)·Asaadi, J. [University of Texas at Arlington]·Baeza-Rubio, J. [Yale University]·Bailey, K. [Argonne National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000237735954)·Byrnes, N. [University of Texas at Arlington]·Jones, B. J. P. [University of Texas at Arlington] (ORCID:0000000334008986)·Moya, I. A. [Case Western Reserve University]·Navarro, K. E. [University of Texas at Arlington] (ORCID:0009000909715559)·Nygren, D. R. [University of Texas at Arlington] (ORCID:0000000250798458)·Oyedele, P. [University of Texas at El Paso]·Rogers, L. [Argonne National Laboratory]·Samaniego, F. [University of Texas at El Paso]·Stogsdill, K. [University of Texas at Arlington]·Almazán, H. [Manchester University] (ORCID:0000000317722598)·Álvarez, V. [Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M), Centro Mixto CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València] (ORCID:0000000169388259)·Aparicio, B. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU), Centro de Innovación en Química Avánzada (ORFEO-CINQA)]·Aranburu, A. I. [Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000203734662)·Arazi, L. [Ben-Gurion University of the Negev] (ORCID:0000000276245827)·Arnquist, I. J. [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)] (ORCID:0000000256438330)·Auria-Luna, F. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU), Centro de Innovación en Química Avánzada (ORFEO-CINQA)] (ORCID:0000000237260493)·Ayet, S. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València] (ORCID:0000000200531691)·Azevedo, C. D. R. [Institute of Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N), Universidade de Aveiro] (ORCID:0000000200129918)·Ballester, F. [Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M), Centro Mixto CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València] (ORCID:0000000224645116)·del Barrio-Torregrosa, M. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0009000170366476)·Bayo, A. [Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc] (ORCID:0000000264690667)·Benlloch-Rodríguez, J. M. [Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000285664804)·Borges, F. I. G. M. [University of Coimbra] (ORCID:000000015790173X)·Brodolin, A. [Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM), CSIC and Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000163987576)·Cárcel, S. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València]·Castillo, A. [Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0009000417000979)·Cid, L. [Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc] (ORCID:0000000154268115)·Conde, C. A. N. [University of Coimbra] (ORCID:0000000213872161)·Contreras, T. [Harvard University] (ORCID:0000000218161254)·Cossío, F. P. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000245262122)·Coupe, R. [Manchester University] (ORCID:0009000724873120)·Dey, E. [University of Texas at Arlington] (ORCID:0009000889330933)·Díaz, G. [Instituto Gallego de Física de Altas Energías, Univ. de Santiago de Compostela]·Echevarria, C. [Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre]·Elorza, M. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre]·Escada, J. [University of Coimbra]·Esteve, R. [Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M), Centro Mixto CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València] (ORCID:0000000212896938)·Felkai, R. [Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Now at Weizmann Institute of Science] (ORCID:0009000796434098)·Fernandes, L. M. P. [University of Coimbra] (ORCID:0000000270618768)·Ferrario, P. [Ikerbasque (Basque Foundation for Science); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000342442483)·Ferreira, A. L. [Institute of Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N), Universidade de Aveiro]·Foss, F. W. [University of Texas at Arlington] (ORCID:0000000319406580)·Freixa, Z. [Ikerbasque (Basque Foundation for Science); Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU)] (ORCID:0000000220442725)·García-Barrena, J. [Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M), Centro Mixto CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València] (ORCID:0009000610538324)·Gómez-Cadenas, J. J. [Ikerbasque (Basque Foundation for Science); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre; NEXT Spokesperson] (ORCID:0000000282247714)·Grocott, J. W. R. [Manchester University] (ORCID:0000000317845766)·Guenette, R. [Manchester University] (ORCID:0000000339670151)·Hauptman, J. [Iowa State University] (ORCID:0000000270850516)·Henriques, C. A. O. [University of Coimbra] (ORCID:000000021218181X)·Hernando Morata, J. A. [Instituto Gallego de Física de Altas Energías, Univ. de Santiago de Compostela] (ORCID:0000000286835142)·Herrero-Gómez, P. [The Hebrew University of Jerusalem] (ORCID:0000000215177779)·Herrero, V. [Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M), Centro Mixto CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València] (ORCID:0000000308602789)·Hervés Carrete, C. [Instituto Gallego de Física de Altas Energías, Univ. de Santiago de Compostela] (ORCID:0000000231523328)·Ifergan, Y. [Ben-Gurion University of the Negev] (ORCID:0000000268768089)·Kellerer, F. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València] (ORCID:0000000290545973)·Larizgoitia, L. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000343565856)·Larumbe, A. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU), Centro de Innovación en Química Avánzada (ORFEO-CINQA)] (ORCID:0000000202498899)·Lebrun, P. [Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000188769217)·Lopez, F. [Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000327634719)·López-March, N. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València] (ORCID:0000000165860675)·Madigan, R. [University of Texas at Arlington] (ORCID:000900030256052X)·Mano, R. D. P. [University of Coimbra] (ORCID:0000000329207067)·Marques, A. P. [University of Coimbra] (ORCID:0000000232203035)·Martín-Albo, J. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València] (ORCID:0000000273181469)·Martínez-Lema, G. [Ben-Gurion University of the Negev] (ORCID:0000000217423531)·Martínez-Vara, M. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València; Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0009000549427405)·Miller, R. L. [University of Texas at Arlington] (ORCID:0009000848255535)·Molina-Canteras, J. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU), Centro de Innovación en Química Avánzada (ORFEO-CINQA)] (ORCID:0000000199531132)·Monrabal, F. [Ikerbasque (Basque Foundation for Science); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000240475620)·Monteiro, C. M. B. [University of Coimbra] (ORCID:0000000219122804)·Mora, F. J. [Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M), Centro Mixto CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València] (ORCID:0000000322819546)·Novella, P. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València] (ORCID:0000000209233172)·Nuñez, A. [Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc]·Oblak, E. [Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000299621151)·Palacio, J. [Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc] (ORCID:000000030374100X)·Palmeiro, B. [Manchester University] (ORCID:000000015878650X)·Para, A. [Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory]·Pazos, A. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU)] (ORCID:0000000260746213)·Pelegrin, J. [Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000275895940)·Pérez Maneiro, M. [Instituto Gallego de Física de Altas Energías, Univ. de Santiago de Compostela] (ORCID:000000015724280X)·Querol, M. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València] (ORCID:0009000178133634)·Renner, J. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València] (ORCID:0000000318432015)·Rivilla, I. [Ikerbasque (Basque Foundation for Science); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre]·Rogero, C. [Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM), CSIC and Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU)]·Romeo, B. [Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre; University of North Carolina]·Romo-Luque, C. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València; Los Alamos National Laboratory]·San Nacienciano, V. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU), Centro de Innovación en Química Avánzada (ORFEO-CINQA)]·Santos, F. P. [University of Coimbra]·dos Santos, J. M. F. [University of Coimbra]·Seemann, M. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre]·Shomroni, I. [The Hebrew University of Jerusalem]·Silva, P. A. O. C. [University of Coimbra]·Simón, A. [Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre]
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Abstract

We investigate the performance of Opticks, a NVIDIA OptiX API 7.5 GPU-accelerated photon propagation tool compared with a single-threaded Geant4 simulation. We compare the simulations using an improved model of the NEXT-CRAB-0 gaseous time projection chamber. Performance results suggest that Opticks improves simulation speeds by between 58.47 ± 0.02 and 181.39 ± 0.28 times relative to a CPU-only Geant4 simulation and these results vary between different types of GPU and CPU. A detailed comparison shows that the number of detected photons, along with their times and wavelengths, are in good agreement between Opticks and Geant4.

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72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDSApplied OpticsOptical CommunicationsOptics and PhotonicsPhotonic DevicesSilicon PhotonicsUltrafast Photonics

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Parmaksiz, I. [Iowa State University; University of Texas at Arlington] (ORCID:0009000214783977), Mistry, K. [University of Texas at Arlington] (ORCID:0000000175337482), Church, E. [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)] (ORCID:0000000201555812), Adams, C. [Argonne National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000213270726), Asaadi, J. [University of Texas at Arlington], Baeza-Rubio, J. [Yale University], Bailey, K. [Argonne National Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000237735954), Byrnes, N. [University of Texas at Arlington], Jones, B. J. P. [University of Texas at Arlington] (ORCID:0000000334008986), Moya, I. A. [Case Western Reserve University], Navarro, K. E. [University of Texas at Arlington] (ORCID:0009000909715559), Nygren, D. R. [University of Texas at Arlington] (ORCID:0000000250798458), Oyedele, P. [University of Texas at El Paso], Rogers, L. [Argonne National Laboratory], Samaniego, F. [University of Texas at El Paso], Stogsdill, K. [University of Texas at Arlington], Almazán, H. [Manchester University] (ORCID:0000000317722598), Álvarez, V. [Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M), Centro Mixto CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València] (ORCID:0000000169388259), Aparicio, B. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU), Centro de Innovación en Química Avánzada (ORFEO-CINQA)], Aranburu, A. I. [Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000203734662), Arazi, L. [Ben-Gurion University of the Negev] (ORCID:0000000276245827), Arnquist, I. J. [Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL)] (ORCID:0000000256438330), Auria-Luna, F. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU), Centro de Innovación en Química Avánzada (ORFEO-CINQA)] (ORCID:0000000237260493), Ayet, S. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València] (ORCID:0000000200531691), Azevedo, C. D. R. [Institute of Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N), Universidade de Aveiro] (ORCID:0000000200129918), Ballester, F. [Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M), Centro Mixto CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València] (ORCID:0000000224645116), del Barrio-Torregrosa, M. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0009000170366476), Bayo, A. [Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc] (ORCID:0000000264690667), Benlloch-Rodríguez, J. M. [Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000285664804), Borges, F. I. G. M. [University of Coimbra] (ORCID:000000015790173X), Brodolin, A. [Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM), CSIC and Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000163987576), Cárcel, S. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València], Castillo, A. [Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0009000417000979), Cid, L. [Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc] (ORCID:0000000154268115), Conde, C. A. N. [University of Coimbra] (ORCID:0000000213872161), Contreras, T. [Harvard University] (ORCID:0000000218161254), Cossío, F. P. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000245262122), Coupe, R. [Manchester University] (ORCID:0009000724873120), Dey, E. [University of Texas at Arlington] (ORCID:0009000889330933), Díaz, G. [Instituto Gallego de Física de Altas Energías, Univ. de Santiago de Compostela], Echevarria, C. [Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre], Elorza, M. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre], Escada, J. [University of Coimbra], Esteve, R. [Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M), Centro Mixto CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València] (ORCID:0000000212896938), Felkai, R. [Ben-Gurion University of the Negev; Now at Weizmann Institute of Science] (ORCID:0009000796434098), Fernandes, L. M. P. [University of Coimbra] (ORCID:0000000270618768), Ferrario, P. [Ikerbasque (Basque Foundation for Science); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000342442483), Ferreira, A. L. [Institute of Nanostructures, Nanomodelling and Nanofabrication (i3N), Universidade de Aveiro], Foss, F. W. [University of Texas at Arlington] (ORCID:0000000319406580), Freixa, Z. [Ikerbasque (Basque Foundation for Science); Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU)] (ORCID:0000000220442725), García-Barrena, J. [Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M), Centro Mixto CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València] (ORCID:0009000610538324), Gómez-Cadenas, J. J. [Ikerbasque (Basque Foundation for Science); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre; NEXT Spokesperson] (ORCID:0000000282247714), Grocott, J. W. R. [Manchester University] (ORCID:0000000317845766), Guenette, R. [Manchester University] (ORCID:0000000339670151), Hauptman, J. [Iowa State University] (ORCID:0000000270850516), Henriques, C. A. O. [University of Coimbra] (ORCID:000000021218181X), Hernando Morata, J. A. [Instituto Gallego de Física de Altas Energías, Univ. de Santiago de Compostela] (ORCID:0000000286835142), Herrero-Gómez, P. [The Hebrew University of Jerusalem] (ORCID:0000000215177779), Herrero, V. [Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M), Centro Mixto CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València] (ORCID:0000000308602789), Hervés Carrete, C. [Instituto Gallego de Física de Altas Energías, Univ. de Santiago de Compostela] (ORCID:0000000231523328), Ifergan, Y. [Ben-Gurion University of the Negev] (ORCID:0000000268768089), Kellerer, F. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València] (ORCID:0000000290545973), Larizgoitia, L. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000343565856), Larumbe, A. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU), Centro de Innovación en Química Avánzada (ORFEO-CINQA)] (ORCID:0000000202498899), Lebrun, P. [Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory] (ORCID:0000000188769217), Lopez, F. [Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000327634719), López-March, N. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València] (ORCID:0000000165860675), Madigan, R. [University of Texas at Arlington] (ORCID:000900030256052X), Mano, R. D. P. [University of Coimbra] (ORCID:0000000329207067), Marques, A. P. [University of Coimbra] (ORCID:0000000232203035), Martín-Albo, J. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València] (ORCID:0000000273181469), Martínez-Lema, G. [Ben-Gurion University of the Negev] (ORCID:0000000217423531), Martínez-Vara, M. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València; Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0009000549427405), Miller, R. L. [University of Texas at Arlington] (ORCID:0009000848255535), Molina-Canteras, J. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU), Centro de Innovación en Química Avánzada (ORFEO-CINQA)] (ORCID:0000000199531132), Monrabal, F. [Ikerbasque (Basque Foundation for Science); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000240475620), Monteiro, C. M. B. [University of Coimbra] (ORCID:0000000219122804), Mora, F. J. [Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M), Centro Mixto CSIC-Universitat Politècnica de València] (ORCID:0000000322819546), Novella, P. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València] (ORCID:0000000209233172), Nuñez, A. [Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc], Oblak, E. [Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000299621151), Palacio, J. [Laboratorio Subterráneo de Canfranc] (ORCID:000000030374100X), Palmeiro, B. [Manchester University] (ORCID:000000015878650X), Para, A. [Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory], Pazos, A. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU)] (ORCID:0000000260746213), Pelegrin, J. [Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre] (ORCID:0000000275895940), Pérez Maneiro, M. [Instituto Gallego de Física de Altas Energías, Univ. de Santiago de Compostela] (ORCID:000000015724280X), Querol, M. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València] (ORCID:0009000178133634), Renner, J. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València] (ORCID:0000000318432015), Rivilla, I. [Ikerbasque (Basque Foundation for Science); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre], Rogero, C. [Centro de Física de Materiales (CFM), CSIC and Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU)], Romeo, B. [Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre; University of North Carolina], Romo-Luque, C. [Instituto de Física Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC and Universitat de València; Los Alamos National Laboratory], San Nacienciano, V. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU), Centro de Innovación en Química Avánzada (ORFEO-CINQA)], Santos, F. P. [University of Coimbra], dos Santos, J. M. F. [University of Coimbra], Seemann, M. [Universidad del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU); Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre], Shomroni, I. [The Hebrew University of Jerusalem], Silva, P. A. O. C. [University of Coimbra], Simón, A. [Donostia International Physics Center, BERC Basque Excellence Research Centre]. 2025-08-28. Performance of an optical TPC Geant4 simulation with opticks GPU-accelerated photon propagation. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc%2Fs10052-025-14612-0

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