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DOE OSTI · 3012480

Direct Air Reactive Capture and Conversion for Utility-Scale Energy Storage (Final Report)

Pang, Simon [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)]·Akhade, Sneha [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)]·Aui, Alvina [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)]·Deo, Shyam [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)]·Ellebracht, Nathan [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)]·Goldstein, Hannah [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)]·Jue, Melinda [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)]·Li, Wenqin [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)]·Ludwig, Thomas [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)]·Yung, Matthew [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)]·Arellano-Trevino, Martha [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)]·Crawford, James [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)]·Griffin, Michael [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)]·Halingstad, Sawyer [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)]·Rasmussen, Mathew [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)]·Starace, Anne [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)]
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Abstract

This final report for FEW0277 summarizes the work performed over the project performance period of October 2021 – March 2025. This project was funded under the “Reactive Capture and Conversion R&D” lab call released in FY2021. The goal of the project was to develop dual-function materials and process for capturing CO 2 from the atmosphere and converting it into CH 4 . The work was organized into four parallel tracks in 1) direct air capture materials synthesis and characterization, 2) catalysts for CO 2 conversion, 3) mechanistic investigations via ab initio simulations, and 4) process modeling, technoeconomic analysis, and lifecycle assessment. The project was split into two budget periods. The first budget period focused on development of amine-based materials, due to their known performance for CO 2 direct air capture and their potential to act synergistically with metal catalysts to enable a low-temperature methanation pathway. The second budget period focused on development of alkali-based materials and a simulated-moving-bed process for high conversion catalytic reduction of captured CO 2 to CH 4 . All project milestones were completed during the project performance period and are summarized in this report. Our work resulted in publication of eight peer-reviewed manuscripts, one patent application, and numerous presentations given at domestic and international conferences and invited academic department seminars.

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03 NATURAL GAS10 SYNTHETIC FUELS25 ENERGY STORAGE36 MATERIALS SCIENCEEnergy - ConversionEnergy - Natural gasEnergy - StorageEnergy - Synthetic fuelsMaterials science

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Pang, Simon [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)], Akhade, Sneha [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)], Aui, Alvina [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)], Deo, Shyam [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)], Ellebracht, Nathan [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)], Goldstein, Hannah [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)], Jue, Melinda [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)], Li, Wenqin [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)], Ludwig, Thomas [Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA (United States)], Yung, Matthew [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)], Arellano-Trevino, Martha [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)], Crawford, James [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)], Griffin, Michael [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)], Halingstad, Sawyer [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)], Rasmussen, Mathew [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)], Starace, Anne [National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO (United States)]. 2025-12-18. Direct Air Reactive Capture and Conversion for Utility-Scale Energy Storage (Final Report). https://doi.org/10.2172/3012480

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