Nonlinear post-compression to sub-20 fs using a single-stage multipass cell filled with ambient air

Abstract

Noble gas-filled multipass cells have proven to be very effective in compressing high-energy, hundreds-of-femtoseconds pulses down to tens of femtoseconds. Molecular gases can be an attractive alternative to noble gases since they provide additional Raman nonlinearities that can be much stronger than the electronic Kerr nonlinearity and can therefore enable more spectral broadening and shorter compressed pulses. Air at atmospheric pressure offers molecular gases in their simplest format, with both easy access and no costs for implementing a gas chamber. Here we demonstrate a single-stage, air-filled multipass cell that spectrally broadens 145- μ J, 185-fs pulses with >90% throughput, with a small fraction of the output compressed to sub-20 fs using a prism-pair compressor. The multipass cell uses standard broadband mirrors without dispersion engineering and ambient air as the nonlinear medium, making it the simplest and most cost-effective solution for generating few-cycle femtosecond pulses.