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DOE OSTI · 3375276

Data supporting the manuscript "Nanometer Scale Imaging to Develop Quantitative Descriptors of Bipolar Membrane Junction Structure"

Kelly, Maria [National Laboratory of the Rockies] (ORCID:0000000276259655)·Dunn, Emily R. [National Laboratory of the Rockies]·Spickermann, Ellis A. [National Laboratory of the Rockies]·Gruber, Josephine N. [National Laboratory of the Rockies] (ORCID:0000000314374516)·Lasalde-Ramirez, Cesar A. [National Laboratory of the Rockies]·Romero Zavala, P. N. [National Laboratory of the Rockies]·Lucas, Eowyn [National Laboratory of the Rockies] (ORCID:0000000287435722)·Gupta, Ankur [National Laboratory of the Rockies] (ORCID:0000000334749522)·Atwater, Harry A. [National Laboratory of the Rockies]·Smith, Wilson [National Laboratory of the Rockies] (ORCID:0000000177575281)
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Abstract

This dataset contains atomic force microscopy images associated with the manuscript "Nanometer Scale Imaging to Develop Quantitative Descriptors of Bipolar Membrane Junction Structure" by Maria Kelly, Emily R. Dunn, Ellis A. Spickermann, Josephine N. Gruber, César A. Lasalde-Ramírez, P. N. Romero Zavala, Éowyn Lucas, Ankur Gupta, Harry A. Atwater, and Wilson A. Smith. The dataset contains both raw images as well as segmented images produced by the image processing workflow described in the manuscript. A readme file and meta data file are included to provide additional details regarding the sample identity, image acquisition parameters, and file naming scheme.

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36 MATERIALS SCIENCEatomic force microscopybipolar membraneselectrodialysisimage analysisjunction morphologynanoscale characterization

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Kelly, Maria [National Laboratory of the Rockies] (ORCID:0000000276259655), Dunn, Emily R. [National Laboratory of the Rockies], Spickermann, Ellis A. [National Laboratory of the Rockies], Gruber, Josephine N. [National Laboratory of the Rockies] (ORCID:0000000314374516), Lasalde-Ramirez, Cesar A. [National Laboratory of the Rockies], Romero Zavala, P. N. [National Laboratory of the Rockies], Lucas, Eowyn [National Laboratory of the Rockies] (ORCID:0000000287435722), Gupta, Ankur [National Laboratory of the Rockies] (ORCID:0000000334749522), Atwater, Harry A. [National Laboratory of the Rockies], Smith, Wilson [National Laboratory of the Rockies] (ORCID:0000000177575281). 2026-06-24. Data supporting the manuscript "Nanometer Scale Imaging to Develop Quantitative Descriptors of Bipolar Membrane Junction Structure". https://doi.org/10.7799/3375276

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DOE OSTI2026

Cyclic moisture reactivation of calcium sorbents for long duration thermochemical energy storage

The transition to a flexible and reliable energy infrastructure, using electro-thermal energy generation technologies such as geothermal, concentrated solar power, and nuclear, usually demands simultaneous advancement of thermal energy storage (TES) to support on-demand electricity generation and industrial applications while mitigating the inherent intermittency of renewable energy sources and power outages from direct energy generation. Among TES technologies, thermochemical energy storage (TCES) based on calcium looping emerges as a compelling high-power energy storage candidate due to its high reaction enthalpy, compatibility with elevated operating temperatures, and abundance of low-cost materials. However, the long-term durability of calcium-based sorbents for TCES is hindered by surface sintering and particle aggregation, leading to performance degradation over repeated thermal cycles. This study explores a moisture hydration-based strategy to regenerate a degraded calcium sorbent and mitigate performance degradation for long duration TCES. The addition of moisture transforms calcium oxide into calcium hydroxide and produces intercalation water layers, associated with a regenerated surface area and reduced calcium oxide crystallite size. Both these effects are beneficial in restoring the sorbents' reactivity for carbonization. Additionally, an optimized hydration-assisted reactivation protocol balances the recovered energy storage capacity with heating penalty required for moisture removal from hydrated samples, resulting in an enhanced energy storage capacity up to 176% compared to benchmark sorbents that undergo cycling without reactivation after 60 cycles. In conclusion, these results highlight the potential of hydration-assisted reactivation to enhance the long-term performance of TCES, providing an effective pathway to advancing electro-thermal storage technologies.

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