Velocity Extraction Using Complete Time-Domain Waveform Data and Audio Machine Learning

Susser, Adam Lewis [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)] (ORCID:0009000292591161); Albert, Andrea [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)] (ORCID:0000000301975646); Danielson, Jeremy [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)] (ORCID:0000000255752707); Saavedra, Gary Joseph [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)] (ORCID:0000000287871671)

doi:10.1007/s40870-026-00510-3

DOE OSTI · 3388429

Velocity Extraction Using Complete Time-Domain Waveform Data and Audio Machine Learning

Susser, Adam Lewis [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)] (ORCID:0009000292591161)·Albert, Andrea [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)] (ORCID:0000000301975646)·Danielson, Jeremy [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)] (ORCID:0000000255752707)·Saavedra, Gary Joseph [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)] (ORCID:0000000287871671)

View original source ↗Read source document ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

We developed a new machine learning-based tool for extracting information from interferometry measurements: MIDWAZE (Modular Interferometry Direct Waveform AnalyZEr). This paper showcases MIDWAZE’s ability to extract an object’s velocity information from Photonic Doppler Velocimetry (PDV) data at near-human accuracy with little to no human intervention. MIDWAZE can extract velocities roughly 350 times as fast as a human analyst "rushing" to complete their extractions, with similar extraction accuracy. MIDWAZE’s most outstanding feature is that it operates directly in waveform/temporal space, freeing analysis from certain limitations imposed by traditional spectrogram-based approaches and opening the way to "phase aware" PDV analysis. MIDWAZE also has limited ability to discriminate between different solid objects, which we develop as a first step towards automated discrimination of different kinds of objects such as ejecta clouds.

Explore related subjects

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING ai artificial intelligence interferometry jot jump off time machine learning ml pdv photonic doppler velocimetry spectrogram synthetic data tim time of initial motion velocimetry

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeX RIS

Susser, Adam Lewis [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)] (ORCID:0009000292591161), Albert, Andrea [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)] (ORCID:0000000301975646), Danielson, Jeremy [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)] (ORCID:0000000255752707), Saavedra, Gary Joseph [Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los Alamos, NM (United States)] (ORCID:0000000287871671). 2026-01-23. Velocity Extraction Using Complete Time-Domain Waveform Data and Audio Machine Learning. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40870-026-00510-3

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related reports

DOE OSTI2026

Performance evaluation of neutron noise analysis in detecting special nuclear materials

Reliable and rapid inspection techniques play a vital role in preventing illicit trafficking of special nuclear materials. Active interrogation systems using neutrons produced by portable, high-flux deuterium-deuterium or deuterium-tritium neutron generators are being actively developed as a secondary scanning tool for this purpose. In this study, a neutron noise analysis-based approach for detecting unshielded and shielded special nuclear materials by using a pulsed deuterium-tritium neutron generator was evaluated. Here, this approach analyzes the fluctuation of neutron counts. Its performance was quantified with regard to time-to-detection to achieve a minimum probability of detection of 99% and a probability of false alarm of less than 1% considering various amounts of special nuclear materials and different shielding configurations. It was demonstrated that this approach could detect 17 uranium slugs in 5 s given a neutron generator yield of 8.1 × 10 7 n/s. These slugs could be detected within a reasonable time frame (200 s) when they were shielded by 10.16 cm of high-density polyethylene. The results obtained using the neutron noise analysis approach were compared with those obtained using the commonly used differential die-away analysis technique, a sensitive technique for detecting the presence of fissile materials by utilizing the prompt fission neutrons produced when the source neutrons from a neutron generator are completely diminished. For example, the time to detect 2 unshielded uranium slugs was 2.1 s when using the differential die-away analysis technique; it increased to 93 s for the neutron noise analysis approach. Although the noise analysis-based approach exhibits an overall performance which is not as good as that of differential die-away, neutron noise provides an alternative method for effective detection of special nuclear materials.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗

DOE OSTI2026

A proximity-focusing RICH detector for the ePIC Experiment at the EIC

The Electron-Proton/Ion Collider Experiment (ePIC) will be a large, multi-purpose detector to be installed at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) being built at Brookhaven National Laboratory. As robust particle identification (PID) capabilities are essential for fully realizing the EIC science program, ePIC contains several PID subsystems spanning different angular ranges. PID capability in the electron-going endcap is provided by a proximity-focusing Ring Imaging Cherenkov detector (pfRICH) designed to deliver at least 3σ separation between pions and kaons for momenta up to 7 GeV/ c . It will also aid with electron-hadron discrimination at low momentum and assist in the determination of the collision time (t 0 ). This contribution will summarize the design of the pfRICH as well as ongoing fabrication and component testing efforts. geant-based performance simulations will also be discussed.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗

DOE OSTI2026

Design of a high voltage delivery system for noble liquid time projection chambers

Noble liquid time projection chambers (TPCs) are a leading technology in the detection of ionizing radiation, particularly in applications such as accelerator neutrino physics, dark matter detection, and neutrinoless double beta decay. This work addresses the design considerations for implementing stable high voltage (HV) systems within large noble liquid TPCs, with a focus on the nEXO experiment. Utilizing insights from prior HV research and experimental investigations, we outline factors influencing HV stability and discuss design choices to improve stability and prevent electrical discharges. A novel HV delivery system concept is presented, tailored for the nEXO TPC, which incorporates these design considerations while also meeting the stringent radiopurity requirements of the nEXO neutrinoless double beta decay search. These design considerations and their specific implementation towards a HV delivery system offer guidance to future experiments applying high voltage in noble liquid environments.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗