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DOE OSTI · 3391476

Mode Multiplexing for Scalable Cavity-Enhanced Operations in Neutral-Atom Arrays

Aqua, Ziv [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:000000031691167X)·Peters, Matthew L. [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000258977207)·Spierings, David C. [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)]·Wang, Guoqing [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); Peking University, Beijing (China)] (ORCID:0000000218228121)·Bytyqi, Edita [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000243684268)·Propson, Thomas [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000289501826)·Vuletić, Vladan [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000297860538)
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Abstract

Neutral-atom arrays provide a versatile platform for quantum information processing. However, in large-scale arrays, efficient photon collection remains a bottleneck for key tasks such as fast, nondestructive qubit readout and remote entanglement distribution. We propose a cavity-based approach that enables fast, parallel operations over many atoms using multiple modes of a single optical cavity. By selectively shifting the relevant atomic transitions, each atom can be coupled to a distinct cavity mode, allowing independent simultaneous processing. We present practical system designs that support cavity-mode multiplexing with up to 50 modes, enabling rapid mid-circuit syndrome extraction and significantly enhancing entanglement distribution rates between remote atom arrays. This approach offers a scalable solution to core challenges in neutral-atom arrays, advancing the development of practical quantum technologies.

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Aqua, Ziv [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:000000031691167X), Peters, Matthew L. [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000258977207), Spierings, David C. [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)], Wang, Guoqing [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States); Peking University, Beijing (China)] (ORCID:0000000218228121), Bytyqi, Edita [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000243684268), Propson, Thomas [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000289501826), Vuletić, Vladan [Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA (United States)] (ORCID:0000000297860538). 2026-05-21. Mode Multiplexing for Scalable Cavity-Enhanced Operations in Neutral-Atom Arrays. https://doi.org/10.1103/4c33-b1dv

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