Identifying future mission drivers on the Deep Space Network
This paper discusses the methodology used to identify mission drivers on the future architecture for the Deep Space Network.
Deep Space Network DSN mission drivers mission dem↗
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Telecommunications technology development for the Deep Space Network
The telecommunications technology that is currently being developed for the Deep Space Network (DSN), a system providing communications and navigation support for NASA's deep space missions, is discussed. The major areas of development include Ka-band (32 GHz) technology, beam waveguide antennas, low-noise amplifiers, coding, navigation techniques, high-power transmitters, and optical technology. The expected payoffs of the new technology during the mid-1990's and later are examined.
Yuen, J. H.↗
Deep space network support of the manned space flight network for Apollo, volume 2 Technical memorandum, 1969 - 1970
Deep Space Network support activities for Apollo 9 through 13 flights and associated equipment
Flanagan, F. M.↗
The Impact of Traffic Prioritization on Deep Space Network Mission Traffic
A select number of missions supported by NASA's Deep Space Network (DSN) are demanding very high data rates. For example, the Kepler Mission was launched March 7, 2009 and at that time required the highest data rate of any NASA mission, with maximum rates of 4.33 Mb/s being provided via Ka band downlinks. The James Webb Space Telescope will require a maximum 28 Mb/s science downlink data rate also using Ka band links; as of this writing the launch is scheduled for a June 2014 launch. The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, launched June 18, 2009, has demonstrated data rates at 100 Mb/s at lunar-Earth distances using NASA's Near Earth Network (NEN) and K-band. As further advances are made in high data rate space telecommunications, particularly with emerging optical systems, it is expected that large surges in demand on the supporting ground systems will ensue. A performance analysis of the impact of high variance in demand has been conducted using our Multi-mission Advanced Communications Hybrid Environment for Test and Evaluation (MACHETE) simulation tool. A comparison is made regarding the incorporation of Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms and the resulting ground-to-ground Wide Area Network (WAN) bandwidth necessary to meet latency requirements across different user missions. It is shown that substantial reduction in WAN bandwidth may be realized through QoS techniques when low data rate users with low-latency needs are mixed with high data rate users having delay-tolerant traffic.
prioritization↗
Three-Dimensional Analysis of Deep Space Network Antenna Coverage
There is a need to understand NASA s Deep Space Network (DSN) coverage gaps and any limitations to provide redundant communication coverage for future deep space missions, especially for manned missions to Moon and Mars. The DSN antennas are required to provide continuous communication coverage for deep space flights, interplanetary missions, and deep space scientific observations. The DSN consists of ground antennas located at three sites: Goldstone in USA, Canberra in Australia, and Madrid in Spain. These locations are not separated by the exactly 120 degrees and some DSN antennas are located in the bowl-shaped mountainous terrain to shield against radiofrequency interference resulting in a coverage gap in the southern hemisphere for the current DSN architecture. To analyze the extent of this gap and other coverage limitations, simulations of the DSN architecture were performed. In addition to the physical properties of the DSN assets, the simulation incorporated communication forward link calculations and azimuth/elevation masks that constrain the effects of terrain for each DSN antenna. Analysis of the simulation data was performed to create coverage profiles with the receiver settings at a deep space altitudes ranging from 2 million to 10 million km and a spherical grid resolution of 0.25 degrees with respect to longitude and latitude. With the results of these simulations, two- and three-dimensional representations of the area without communication coverage and area with coverage were developed, showing the size and shape of the communication coverage gap projected in space. Also, the significance of this communication coverage gap is analyzed from the simulation data.
Kegege, Obadiah↗
Propagation Effects of Importance to the NASA/JPL Deep Space Network (DSN)
This paper presents Propagation Effects of Importance To The NASA/JPL Deep Space Network (DSN). The topics include: 1) DSN Antennas; 2) Deep Space Telecom Link Basics; 3) DSN Propagation Region of Interest; 4) Ka-Band Weather Effects Models and Examples; 5) Existing Goldstone Ka-Band Atmosphere Attenuation Model; 6) Existing Goldstone Atmosphere Noise Temperature Model; and 7) Ka-Band delta (G/T) Relative to Vacuum Condition. This paper summarizes the topics above.
Slobin, Steve↗
Error correction for deep space network teletype circuits
Error detection codes and correction devices for Deep Space Network /DSN/ teletypewriter systems
Fredricksen, H.↗
Space programs summary no. 37-60, volume 2, for the period 1 September to 31 October 1969. The deep space network
Telemetry and ground support equipment design and developments for Deep Space Network
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Space programs summary no. 37-64, volume 2 for the period 1 June to 31 July 1970. The Deep Space Network
Mariner Mars 1971 mission support, engineering, and design of Deep Space Network
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The Deep Space Network
The various systems and subsystems are discussed for the Deep Space Network (DSN). A description of the DSN is presented along with mission support, program planning, facility engineering, implementation and operations.
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The Deep Space Network, volume 39
The functions, facilities, and capabilities of the Deep Space Network and its support of the Pioneer, Helios, and Viking missions are described. Progress in tracking and data acquisition research and technology, network engineering and modifications, as well as hardware and software implementation and operations are reported.
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Automation of the deep space network
Approaches to automating the radiofrequency system used in the deep space network (DSN) are discussed. The goal is to operate DSN, which communicates with U.S. space probes that travel beyond the moon, in an unattended mode in order to reduce operating costs. The philosophy of a hierachical automation plan, which emphasizes distributed control and the utilization of DSN hardware development engineers to develop automation software, is discussed, and software development as well as common software and common microcontroller hardware are considered. It is planned that a station controller will serve as the operator interface and control and coordinate the operation of three system controllers (RF system, digital system, and antenna system). These systems are described.
Crow, R. B.↗
A federated information management system for the Deep Space Network
General requirements for an information management system for the deep space network (DSN) are examined. A concise review of available database management system technology is presented. It is recommended that a federation of logically decentralized databases be implemented for the Network Information Management System of the DSN. Overall characteristics of the federation are specified, as well as reasons for adopting this approach.
Dobinson, E.↗
Application of the Deep Space Network (DSN) to the testing of general relativity
The NASA Deep Space Network, a precision telecommunications and radio navigation facility, is described in detail. The first spacecraft relativity test with Mariner 6 and Mariner 7 at solar conjunction is discussed as well as more accurate tests using the Mariner 9 anchored to Mars. Consideration is also given to solar system tests of relativistic celestial mechanics and future prospects. It is noted that the NASA Mars Observer orbital mission is under development and is expected to reach Mars in 1991.
Anderson, J. D.↗
Torque Bias Profile for Improved Tracking of the Deep Space Network Antennas
Gearboxes and gears are part of the NASA Deep Space Network (DSN) antenna drives.
Antennas↗
NASA’s Deep Space Network: Automation in the Follow-the-Sun Era
The Deep Space Network (DSN) comprises three sites, located in California, Spain, and Australia; each site operates one 70m and multiple 34m antennas that provide communications and navigation services to NASA and international partners. As part of a multiyear upgrade in automation of the network, the DSN has undertaken a series of operations efficiency improvements which has fundamentally changed the operations paradigm of the network. At the start of this effort, each site operated only their local antennas and equipment 24 hours/day, 7 days/week, and each spacecraft activity (link) had a single dedicated Link Control Operator. In its final stage, realized in 2020, each one of the three sites operates the entire network during their local day shift, handing off control to the next site as their day ends, and tracks can be run in a fully automated manner with no operator intervention. This paradigm change has realized significant operations cost savings, but has posed some major challenges along the way. This paper describes the system changes that enabled the operations efficiency improvements, some the challenges, and plans for the future.
Levesque, Michael↗
LQG and Feedforward Controllers for the Deep Space Network Antennas
The controller development and the tracking performance evaluation for NASA's Deep Space Network antenna are presented. A trajectory preprocessor, LQG (Linear Quadratic Gaussian) controller, feedforward controller, and their combination are designed, built, analyzed, and tested.
Deep Space Network (DSN)antennas feedforward contr↗
NASA Deep Space Network Commitments for Human Missions to the Moon and Beyond
NASA’s Deep Space Network (DSN) serves as a critical element in the exploration of deep space, typically supporting 30-40 operational missions at any given time, each with unique characteristics and telecommunications requirements. In order to meet the needs of its diverse customer base, DSN relies on the Mission Support Definition and Commitments Office to interface with its customers and to develop, negotiate, and document the appropriate service commitments to meet each mission’s needs. Members of this office provide the needed support throughout each mission’s lifetime. While DSN’s primary focus in recent years has been supporting scientific missions by robotic spacecraft deployed across the solar system, the network is ramping-up to provide support for human spaceflight (HSF) endeavours to the moon and beyond, starting with the Artemis missions which aim to land humans on the lunar surface in the 2020’s. These HSF missions pose unique challenges for the DSN, including technical, operational, and programmatic concerns. Examples of challenges in each of these areas are provided, along with descriptions of how they are being addressed and open issues remaining.
Turcios, Ricky↗