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Results for “Gas processing”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 199 records · Page 11
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1988

Electron energy deposition in N2 gas

The processes by which energetic electrons lose energy in a weakly ionized gas of molecular nitrogen are analyzed and calculations are carried out taking into account the discrete nature of the excitation processes. The excitation, ionization, dissociation and heating efficiencies are computed for energies up to 200 eV absorbed in a gas with fractional ionizations varying from 10(-6) to 10(-2). Individual vibrational excitations up to the seventh vibrational level are presented.

Fox, J. L.↗
NASA NTRS1975

The absorption of energetic electrons by molecular hydrogen gas

The processes by which energetic electrons lose energy in a weakly ionized gas of molecular hydrogen are analyzed, and calculations are carried out taking into account the discrete nature of the excitation processes. The excitation, ionization, and heating efficiencies are computed for electrons with energies up to 100 eV absorbed in a gas with fractional ionizations up to 0.01, and the mean energy per pair of neutral hydrogen atoms is calculated.

Cravens, T. E.↗
DOE OSTI2023

Process for purifying hydrogen gas for use in fuel cells

The invention generally relates to a process for purifying a hydrogen gas for use in a fuel cell. The process involves taking a hydrogen feed stream from a high-pressure tank and passing it through a purifier comprising an adsorbent to provide a purified hydrogen stream which is sent to a fuel cell. A particular adsorbent which can be used is a metal-organic framework composition. The adsorbent can be housed in a device such as a canister or cartridge having an inlet and outlet port.

Morris, William↗
DOE OSTI2020

Investigation of the benefits of diabatic microreactors for process intensification of the water-gas shift reaction within the steam reforming process

Presently, the steam reforming process is the largest industrial source of hydrogen. Improving its efficiency can help to reduce associated carbon emissions and hydrogen production costs. Intensifying the water-gas shift reaction using microreactors with integrated cooling is one way of achieving this. In this study, a 2-D computational model of one of these microreactors is developed, validated with experimental data, and then used to demonstrate how microreactors can enhance the conversion of the water-gas shift reaction beyond what can be achieved using conventional packed bed reactors. These results are then generalized into a full system model of the steam reforming process to demonstrate how microreactors can reduce hydrogen production costs. The results suggest that microreactors can significantly reduce the required reactor volume and catalyst loading for the water-gas shift reaction and can similarly reduce the hydrogen production costs associated with the steam reforming process.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2025

Workflow for Process Automation of Soil Gas Results from an Automated Soil Gas-Sampling System for Application in Carbon Storage Projects

Conference presentation at Geoconvention, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, May 12–14, 2025. The Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) developed an automated workflow for processing soil gas measurements collected from the automated soil gas-sampling systems deployed across the project site. Raw soil gas measurements are collected from each station every 4 hours and automatically uploaded to a cloud database. The workflow begins by writing code to download the data to a workstation automatically, then the data are published to an online dashboard that visualizes the measurements in time-series plots and a process-based decision-making framework. This automated workflow accelerates the time from data acquisition to decision-making. It supports carbon storage project operators by preparing and delivering a live, standardized dataset for quick analysis and source attribution to provide assurance of containment and overall permit compliance.

02 PETROLEUM↗
DOE OSTI2025

Workflow for Process Automation of Soil Gas Results from an Automated Soil Gas-Sampling System for Application in Carbon Storage Projects

Extended abstract for Geoconvention, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, May 12–14, 2025. The Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC) developed an automated workflow for processing soil gas measurements collected from the automated soil gas-sampling systems deployed across the project site. Raw soil gas measurements are collected from each station every 4 hours and automatically uploaded to a cloud database. The workflow begins by writing code to download the data to a workstation automatically, then the data are published to an online dashboard that visualizes the measurements in time-series plots and a process-based decision-making framework. This automated workflow accelerates the time from data acquisition to decision-making. It supports carbon storage project operators by preparing and delivering a live, standardized dataset for quick analysis and source attribution to provide assurance of containment and overall permit compliance.

02 PETROLEUM↗
DOE OSTI2023

Gas Separation Membrane Module Modeling: A Comprehensive Review

Membrane gas separation processes have been developed for diverse gas separation applications that include nitrogen production from air and CO2 capture from point sources. Membrane process design requires the development of stable and robust mathematical models that can accurately quantify the performance of the membrane modules used in the process. The literature related to modeling membrane gas separation modules and model use in membrane gas separation process simulators is reviewed in this paper. A membrane-module-modeling checklist is proposed to guide modeling efforts for the research and development of new gas separation membranes.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
NASA NTRS2007

Pyrolysis process for producing fuel gas

Solid waste resource recovery in space is effected by pyrolysis processing, to produce light gases as the main products (CH.sub.4, H.sub.2, CO.sub.2, CO, H.sub.2O, NH.sub.3) and a reactive carbon-rich char as the main byproduct. Significant amounts of liquid products are formed under less severe pyrolysis conditions, and are cracked almost completely to gases as the temperature is raised. A primary pyrolysis model for the composite mixture is based on an existing model for whole biomass materials, and an artificial neural network models the changes in gas composition with the severity of pyrolysis conditions.

Serio, Michael A.↗
NASA NTRS1978

The Texaco coal gasification process for manufacture of medium BTU gas

The development of the Texaco coal gasification process is discussed with particular emphasis on its close relationship to the fully commercialized Texaco synthesis gas generation process for residual oil gasification. The end uses of the product gas are covered, with special attention to electric power generation via combined cycle technology. Control of SO2, NOx, and particulate emissions in the power generating mode is also covered. The application of this technology in a proposed Texaco-Southern California Edison demonstration project is mentioned. Investment information released for a 1000-megawatt advanced combined cycle gasification facility, is also reviewed.

Schlinger, W. G.↗
NASA NTRS2003

Laminar Soot Processes (LSP) Experiment: Findings From Space Flight Measurements

The present experimental study of soot processes in hydrocarbon-fueled laminar nonbuoyant and nonpremixed (diffusion) flames at microgravity within a spacecraft was motivated by the relevance of soot to the performance of power and propulsion systems, to the hazards of unwanted fires, and to the emission of combustion-generated pollutants. Soot processes in turbulent flames are of greatest practical interest, however, direct study of turbulent flames is not tractable because the unsteadiness and distortion of turbulent flames limit available residence times and spatial resolution within regions where soot processes are important. Thus, laminar diffusion flames are generally used to provide more tractable model flame systems to study processes relevant to turbulent diffusion flames, justified by the known similarities of gas-phase processes in laminar and turbulent diffusion flames, based on the widely-accepted laminar flamelet concept of turbulent flames. Unfortunately, laminar diffusion flames at normal gravity are affected by buoyancy due to their relatively small flow velocities and, as discussed next, they do not have the same utility for simulating the soot processes as they do for simulating the gas phase processes of turbulent flames.

Sunderland, P. B.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Effect of Viscosity of a Deep Eutectic Solvent on CO 2 Capture Performance in an Energy-Efficient Membrane Contactor-Based Process

Greenhouse gas contributions to climate change have driven intense interest in the separation of CO 2 from wet flue gas streams. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are an emerging class of highly selective CO 2 absorbents. A prototypical DES, reline, is a mixture of choline chloride and urea. Reline is a thermally stable, nontoxic, and biodegradable solvent with negligible volatility and is inexpensive. We demonstrate a scalable and energy-efficient hollow fiber membrane contactor (HFMC)-based process using a green solvent for CO 2 capture. This process uses reline in HFMC to provide close interfacial interactions and contact between DES and CO 2 . This approach overcomes the disadvantages associated with direct absorption in DES and could potentially be applied to a variety of solvent-based CO 2 capture methods. Commercial, low-cost polymer hollow fiber membranes were evaluated for the capture of CO 2 with reline. From a mixed gas containing N 2 and CO 2 , the DES-based HFMC separated CO 2 with a purity of 97 mol %. The effect of the viscosity of reline on the CO 2 capture performance was investigated by adding water to the reline. The addition of water to reline significantly reduced its viscosity, which led to a permeate flux of 170 mmol/(m 2 ·h) at 35 °C, 4 bar, and 60 wt % water in solvent, which was approximately 8 times higher than that of the pure reline in the membrane contactor system. In situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) revealed that reline absorbs CO 2 by physical absorption without forming new chemical compounds and that CO 2 separation by reline occurs via the pressure swing mechanism. This research provides fundamental insights about green physical solvent-based separation processes and a pathway toward industrial deployment.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2021

Removal of water vapor from streams containing carbon dioxide and/or carbon monoxide

Methods and systems for removing water vapor from a feed gas prior to further processing the feed gas according to a downstream PSA process are described. The feed gas can include CO2 and/or CO and/or H2 and the PSA process can be used to separate components of the feed gas from one another, for instance, for CO2 capture. Light product off of the PSA process is utilized to regenerate desiccant of a dryer used in the water vapor removal process that is carried out prior to the feed gas entering the PSA process. The water vapor removal process can be heated by providing thermal energy directly to the dryer and/or to a regenerating stream that regenerates the desiccant of the dryer. The thermal energy can be low cost energy—for instance, waste heat off of a system that provides the feed gas.

Ritter, James A.↗
DOE OSTI2023

Efficient turbine engine using integrated ammonia fuel processing

A gas turbine engine includes a core engine that includes a core flow path where air is compressed in a compressor section, communicated to a combustor section, mixed with an ammonia based fuel and ignited to generate a high energy combusted gas flow that is expanded through a turbine section. The turbine section is mechanically coupled to drive the compressor section. An ammonia flow path communicates an ammonia flow to the combustor section. A cracking device is disposed in the ammonia flow path. The cracking device is configured to decompose the ammonia flow into a fuel flow containing hydrogen (H2). At least one heat exchanger is upstream of the cracking device that provides thermal communication between the ammonia flow and a working fluid flow such that the ammonia fluid flow accepts thermal energy from the working fluid flow.

Smith, Lance L.↗
DOE OSTI2021

Process for retrofitting an industrial gas turbine engine for increased power and efficiency

A process for retrofitting an industrial gas turbine engine of a power plant where an old industrial engine with a high spool has a new low spool with a low pressure turbine that drives a low pressure compressor using exhaust gas from the high pressure turbine, and where the new low pressure compressor delivers compressed air through a new compressed air line to the high pressure compressor through a new inlet added to the high pressure compressor. The old electric generator is replaced with a new generator having around twice the electrical power production. One or more stages of vanes and blades are removed from the high pressure compressor to optimally match a pressure ratio split. Closed loop cooling of one or more new stages of vanes and blades in the high pressure turbine is added and the spent cooling air is discharged into the combustor.

Jones, Russell B.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Ceramics in gas turbines - Powder and process characterization

The role of powder and process characterization in producing high quality silicon nitride and silicon carbide components, for gas turbine applications, is described. Some of the intrinsic properties of various forms of Si3N4 and SiC are listed and limitations of such materials' availability have been pointed out. The essential features/parameters to characterize a batch of powder have been discussed including the standard techniques for such characterization. In process characterization, parameters in sintering, reaction sintering, and hot pressing processes are discussed including the factors responsible for strength limitations in ceramic bodies. It is inevitable that significant improvements in material properties can be achieved by reducing or eliminating the strength limiting factors with consistent powder and process characterization along with process control.

Dutta, S.↗