X-ray equipment for Lunar Receiving Laboratory, volume 2, part 1 Final report
Control circuits and connector pin assignments for X ray diffractometer and X ray spectrograph for lunar soil examination in Lunar Receiving Laboratory
Spielberg, N.↗
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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System Validation Platform Working Directories
A suite of software tools used to interface with power electronic equipment for laboratory testing and device certification. They are typically used as equipment drivers with using the System Validation Platform (SVP) graphical user interface (GUI). Sandia National Laboratories is a multimission laboratory managed and operated by National Technology & Engineering Solutions of Sandia, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Honeywell International Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-NA0003525. SAND2021-1185 O
Johnson, JayT↗
Definition of Life Sciences laboratories for shuttle/Spacelab. Volume 5: Life Sciences laboratory system requirements data book. Book 3: Prelimary equipment item specification catalog
Working data on the equipment items within the Life Sciences Laboratory Common Equipment Inventory are presented. For Vol. 1, see N76-15765.
Source record↗
Innovative Safety Ideas for Fusion Experimental Machines
Throughout the early stages of design of fusion experimental devices, such as ITER, safety experts have worked with designers to incorporate safety features into the design. Recent efforts have focused on passive safety features. Although designs of near-term fusion machines may appear consistent with expected regulatory requirements, the safety characteristics can potentially be more attractive. Here, a variety of suggestions that appear promising in terms of improving safety are given. These include new concepts, innovative technologies, further support of past concepts, and possible modification to operating scenarios. Some technical discussion on the feasibility of the proposals is provided. The ideas are generally conceptual at this stage and require further assessment and development work. However, each has the potential for enhancing the safety of experimental devices.
70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
CNR LARA project, Italy: Airborne laboratory for environmental research
The increasing interest for the environmental problems and the study of the impact on the environment due to antropic activity produced an enhancement of remote sensing applications. The Italian National Research Council (CNR) established a new laboratory for airborne hyperspectral imaging, the LARA Project (Laboratorio Aero per Ricerche Ambientali - Airborne Laboratory for Environmental Research), equipping its airborne laboratory, a CASA-212, mainly with the Daedalus AA5000 MIVIS (Multispectral Infrared and Visible Imaging Spectrometer) instrument. MIVIS's channels, spectral bandwidths, and locations are chosen to meet the needs of scientific research for advanced applications of remote sensing data. MIVIS can make significant contributions to solving problems in many diverse areas such as geologic exploration, land use studies, mineralogy, agricultural crop studies, energy loss analysis, pollution assessment, volcanology, forest fire management and others. The broad spectral range and the many discrete narrow channels of MIVIS provide a fine quantization of spectral information that permits accurate definition of absorption features from a variety of materials, allowing the extraction of chemical and physical information of our environment. The availability of such a hyperspectral imager, that will operate mainly in the Mediterranean area, at the present represents a unique opportunity for those who are involved in environmental studies and land-management to collect systematically large-scale and high spectral-spatial resolution data of this part of the world. Nevertheless, MIVIS deployments will touch other parts of the world, where a major interest from the international scientific community is present.
Bianchi, R.↗
Subject Matter Expert Workshop for the Use of Municipal and Commercial Equipment for Radiological Response and Recovery: Argonne National Laboratory Workshop Summary Report
This report summarizes a workshop held in Argonne National Laboratory to identify the equipment and databases that support methods that might be available for emergency operations. Specifically, the Environmental Protection Agency and the Department of Homeland Security identified a need to develop response and recovery guidance to mitigate the effects of a radiological or nuclear release that compromises recovery in an urban environment or at a critical infrastructure. The objective of this workshop was to discuss the experience of the first responder community and environmental remediation specialists to identify equipment and methods that may be used to accomplish various missions summarized under five broad support goals. This document summarizes the comments from the Argonne National Laboratory meeting. Based on the findings and input from a series of such workshops, we plan to develop “best practices” for use of equipment responding to and recovering from a wide-area radiological incident.
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTAN↗
PIE on Safety-Tested Loose Particles from Irradiated Compact 4-4-2
Post-irradiation examination (PIE) is being performed in support of tristructural isotropic (TRISO) coated particle fuel development and qualification for High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactors (HTGRs). This work is sponsored by the Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy (DOE-NE) through the Advanced Reactor Technologies (ART) Office under the Advanced Gas Reactor Fuel Development and Qualification (AGR) Program. The AGR-1 experiment was the first in a series of TRISO fuel irradiation tests initiated in 2006. The AGR-1 TRISO particles and fuel compacts were fabricated at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) in 2006 using laboratory-scale equipment and irradiated for 3 years in the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) at Idaho National Laboratory (INL) to demonstrate and evaluate fuel performance under HTGR irradiation conditions. Post-irradiation examination was performed at INL and ORNL to study how the fuel behaved during irradiation, and to test fuel performance during exposure to elevated temperatures at or above temperatures that could occur during a depressurized conduction cooldown event. This report summarizes safety testing and post-safety testing PIE conducted at ORNL on loose particles extracted from irradiated AGR-1 Compact 4-4-2.
21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗
Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan for the TA-60-01 Heavy Equipment Shop, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Revision 3, January 2018
This Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) was developed in accordance with the provisions of the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C. §§1251 et seq., as amended), and the Multi-Sector General Permit for Storm Water Discharges Associated with Industrial Activity (U.S. EPA, June 2015) issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) and using the industry specific permit requirements for Sector P-Land Transportation and Warehousing as a guide. This SWPPP applies to discharges of stormwater from the operational areas of the TA-60-01 Heavy Equipment Shop at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Los Alamos National Laboratory (also referred to as LANL or the “Laboratory”) is owned by the Department of Energy (DOE), and is operated by Los Alamos National Security, LLC (LANS). Throughout this document, the term “facility” refers to the TA-60-01 Heavy Equipment Shop and associated areas. The current permit expires at midnight on June 4, 2020.
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
Oak Ridge Reservation Environmental Protection Rad Neshaps Radionuclide Inventory Web Database and Rad Neshaps Source and Dose Database
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency promulgated national emission standards for emissions of radionuclides other than radon from US Department of Energy facilities in Chapter 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 61, Subpart H. This regulatory standard limits the annual effective dose that any member of the public can receive from Department of Energy facilities to 0.1 mSv. As defined in the preamble of the final rule, all of the facilities on the Oak Ridge Reservation, i.e., the Y–12 National Security Complex, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, East Tennessee Technology Park, and any other U.S. Department of Energy operations on Oak Ridge Reservation, combined, must meet the annual dose limit of 0.1 mSv. At Oak Ridge National Laboratory, there are monitored sources and numerous unmonitored sources. To maintain radiological source and inventory information for these unmonitored sources, e.g., laboratory hoods, equipment exhausts, and room exhausts not currently venting to monitored stacks on the Oak Ridge National Laboratory campus, the Environmental Protection Rad NESHAPs Inventory Web Database was developed. This database is updated annually and is used to compile emissions data for the annual Radionuclide National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (Rad NESHAPs) report required by 40 CFR 61.94. It also provides supporting documentation for facility compliance audits. In addition, a Rad NESHAPs source and dose database was developed to import the source and dose summary data from Clean Air Act Assessment Package—1988 computer model files. As a result, this database provides Oak Ridge Reservation and facility-specific source inventory; doses associated with each source and facility; and total doses for the Oak Ridge Reservation dose.
96 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PRESERVATION↗
Communications Plan for the Radiochemical Processing Laboratory Life Extension Plan
The Radiochemical Processing Laboratory Life Extension Plan (RPL-ELP) is a collection of independent projects that enable the life extensions of the Radiochemical Processing Laboratory to provide continuous, safe, and secure research operations in support of Department of Energy missions. The ELP includes facility infrastructure upgrades, laboratory and equipment upgrades, and increased research capacity through conversion of existing spaces to the current Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) standards. This communications plan is a living document that outlines the goals, target audiences and objectives, key messages, communications opportunities, and tactics for those communications products. This plan will help to make sure communications are coordinated and consistent. Periodically, PNNL will review the communications plan to make sure it addresses current needs of the RPL-ELP.
38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEA↗
Long-Working-Distance Kirkpatrick-Baez Mirrors for Hard X-ray Beamlines at SPring-8
We designed and installed two types of long-working-distance Kirkpatrick-Baez (KB) mirrors and mirror manipulators, which were customized into each experiment for hard x-ray undulator beamlines at SPring-8. For the BL32XU RIKEN Targeted Proteins beamline, 400-mm-long KB focusing mirrors for a beam size of 1 {mu}m with a 730-mm-long working distance were designed for carrying out the structural analysis of protein microcrystals. We realized a focusing beam size of 0.9x0.9 {mu}m{sup 2}(FWHM) and a focusing intensity of 6x10{sup 10} (photons/s) at an x-ray energy of 12.4 keV. For the BL19LXU RIKEN SR Physics beamline, we developed KB mirrors for 100-nm focusing with a 100-mm-working distance for the purpose of nano-focus x-ray diffraction. A focusing beam size of 100x100 nm{sup 2}(FWHM) and a high focusing intensity of 3.7x10{sup 10} (photons/s) at an x-ray energy of 12.4 keV were realized.
43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS↗
Validation Testing for Automated Solubility Measurement Equipment Final Report
Laboratory tests have been completed to test the validity of automated solubility measurement equipment using sodium nitrate and sodium chloride solutions (see test plan WRPS-1404441, “Validation Testing for Automated Solubility Measurement Equipment”). The sodium nitrate solution results were within 2-3% of the reference values, so the experiment is considered successful using the turbidity meter. The sodium chloride test was done by sight, as the turbidity meter did not work well using sodium chloride. For example, the “clear” turbidity reading was 53 FNU at 80 °C, 107 FNU at 55 °C, and 151 FNU at 20 °C. The sodium chloride did not work because it is granular and large; as the solution was stirred, the granules stayed to the outside of the reactor and just above the stir bar level, having little impact on the turbidity meter readings as the meter was aimed at the center of the solution. Also, the turbidity meter depth has an impact. The salt tends to remain near the stir bar level. If the meter is deeper in the slurry, it will read higher turbidity, and if the meter is raised higher in the slurry, it will read lower turbidity (possibly near zero) because it reads the “clear” part of the slurry. The sodium chloride solution results, as measured by sight rather than by turbidity instrument readings, were within 5-6% of the reference values.
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
Access to Special Nuclear Material at the Idaho National Laboratory
Access to special nuclear material (SNM) such as enriched uranium or plutonium is critical to the experimental validation of measurement techniques for nuclear nonproliferation applications. It is especially important that realistic quantities be available for measurements in the field. Security and safety requirements have made such access nearly impossible at many U.S. facilities. The Idaho National Laboratory (INL) has been able to provide kilogram quantities of SNM for in situ measurements ranging from testing of equipment in laboratory facilities, to outdoor measurements simulating real conditions, to transfer of the SNM to the customer’s facility and back for measurements in the field. The INL will be working to make SNM more widely accessible for measurements by nuclear nonproliferation projects, including those with international researchers.
98 NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT, SAFEGUARDS, AND PHYSICAL P↗
THE CRYOPLANT FOR THE ITER NEUTRAL BEAM TEST FACILITY TO BE BUILT AT RFX IN PADOVA, ITALY
The Neutral Beam Test Facility (NBTF), planned to be constructed in Padua (Italy), will constitute the prototype of the two Neutral Beam Injectors (NBI), which will be installed in the ITER plant (Cadarache-France). The NBTF is composed of a 1 MV accelerator that can produce a 40 A deuteron pulsed neutral beam particles. The necessary vacuum needed in the accelerator is achieved by two large cryopumps, designed by FZK-Karlsruhe, with radiation shields cooled between 65 K and 90 K and with cryopanels cooled by 4 bar supercritical helium (ScHe) between 4.5 K and 6.5 K. A new cryoplant facility will be installed with two large helium refrigerators: a Shield Refrigerator (SR), whose cooling capacity is up to 30 kW between 65 K and 90 K, and a helium Main Refrigerator (MR), whose equivalent cooling capacity is up to 800 W at 4.5 K. The cooling of the cryopanels is obtained with two (ScHe) 30 g/s pumps (one redundant), working in a closed cycle around 4 bar producing a pressure head of 100 mbar. Two heat exchangers are immersed in a buffer dewar connected to the MR. The MR and SR different operation modes are described in the paper, as well as the new cryoplant installation.
70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
Novel Flow Sheet for Low Energy CO 2 Capture Enabled by Biocatalyst Delivery System
This report documents a preliminary Techno-Economic Assessment (TEA) for processes utilizing Akermin’s second generation biocatalyst delivery system to enhance AKM24, a non- volatile salt solution for CO 2 capture. Biocatalyst enhanced AKM24 offers the potential to reduce the cost of CO 2 capture in flue gas applications due to its improved equilibrium and stoichiometric properties that result in double the absorption capacity relative to previously demonstrated biocatalyst enhanced solvents. The study assumes a new supercritical pulverized coal fired power plant with a net output of 550 MWe after 90% CO 2 capture and uses the June 2011 cost basis (August 2012 update of Bituminous Baseline Study, or BBS). Power plant modeling, capital cost review, and economic calculations were provided by WorleyParsons. Rate-based CO2 capture process modeling and equipment sizing was performed by Akermin using AspenPlus® V8.4, customized to accurately predict thermodynamics, kinetics, and physical properties of the AKM-24 solvent based on available laboratory data. Equipment capital costs were estimated using Aspen Process Economic Analyzer™ which compared well with published baseline cost estimates. Quotes of equipment costs and power consumption for vacuum blower and CO 2 compression equipment were also provided by Man Diesel & Turbo. Three process scenarios were examined for Akermin biocatalyst enhanced solvent systems including: Case-1A: an absorption-desorption system operated with a reboiler pressure of 0.16 bara (60°C); Case-2A: an absorption-desorption system with moderate vacuum assisted regeneration at 0.40 bara (80°C); and finally, Case-2B: a conventional absorption-desorption system with near atmospheric pressure regeneration at 1.07 bara (105°C). The estimated increases in cost of electricity (ICOE) for these cases were $58.1/MWh, $47.3/MWh and $46.4/MWh, respectively. Case 2B had the best results for this analysis achieving an estimated 30% reduction in ICOE relative to the NETL Case 12 (v2) baseline of $66.3/MWh ICOE. Likewise, Case-2B achieved capture costs of $53.0/tCO2 and 65.7/tCO 2 avoided, which equates to 20.2% and 31.4% savings relative to the Case 12 baseline ($66.4/tCO 2 and $95.9/tCO 2 avoided). While Case 2A and 2B have similar results, Case 2A requires further development. Focus on Case 2B is recommended for this project because its cost performance is closest to the DOE goals, and has it has the best potential to achieve a successful demonstration at the next scale.
Reardon, John↗
AGR-2 Irradiation Experiment Fission Product Mass Balance
The Advanced Gas Reactor (AGR) program is in the process of qualifying tristructural isotropic (TRISO)-coated uranium carbide/uranium oxide (UCO) fuel for use in high-temperature gas-cooled reactors (HTGRs) in the United States. The second AGR irradiation (AGR-2) started in the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) in June 2010 and was completed in October 2013. The first AGR irradiation (AGR-1) tested fuel produced on laboratory scale equipment, but the AGR-2 TRISO-coated fuel particles were produced on an industrial scale and then overcoated and compacted into cylindrical compacts using laboratory-scale processes. Both UCO and UO2 fuels were irradiated in AGR-2 so that their performance could be compared. The UCO fuel was in Capsules 2, 5, and 6, and the UO2 fuel was in Capsule 3. (Capsules 1 and 4 were French and South African fuel, respectively. These fuels will not be discussed.) UCO burnups ranged from 7.3 to 13.2 % fissions per initial metal atom (FIMA), and compact time-averaged, volume-averaged (TAVA) irradiation temperatures ranged from about 1000°C to 1300°C. UO2 compact burnups ranged from 9.0 to 10.7 % FIMA, and compact TAVA temperatures ranged from about 1000 to 1060°C.
11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
The Office of the Materials Division
I was assigned to the Materials Division, which consists of the following branches; the Advanced Metallics Branch/5120-RMM, Ceramics Branch/5130-RMC, Polymers Branch/5150-RMP, and the Durability and Protective Coatings Branch/5160-RMD. Mrs. Pamela Spinosi is my assigned mentor. She was assisted by Ms.Raysa Rodriguez/5100-RM and Mrs.Denise Prestien/5100-RM, who are both employed by InDyne, Inc. My primary assignment this past summer was working directly with Ms. Rodriguez, assisting her with setting up the Integrated Financial Management Program (IFMP) 5130-RMC/Branch procedures and logs. These duties consisted of creating various spreadsheets for each individual branch member, which were updated daily. It was not hard to familiarize myself with these duties since this is my second summer working with Ms Rodriguez at NASA Glenn Research Center. RMC ordering laboratory, supplies and equipment for the Basic Materials Laboratory (Building 106) using the IF'MP/Purchase Card (P-card), a NASA-wide software program. I entered into the IFMP/Travel and Requisitions System, new Travel Authorizations for the 5130-RMC Civil Servant Branch Members. I also entered and completed Travel Vouchers for the 5130-RMC Ceramics Branch. I assisted in the Division Office creating new Emergency Contact list for the Materials Division. I worked with Dr. Hugh Gray, the Division Chief, and Dr. Ajay Misra, the 5130-RMC Branch Chief, on priority action items, with a close deadline, for a large NASA Proposal. Another project was working closely with Ms. Rodriguez in organizing and preparing for Dr. Ajay K. Misra's SESCDP (two year detail). This consisted of organizing files, file folders, personal information, and recording all data material onto CD's and printing all presentations for display in binders. I attended numerous Branch meetings, and observed many changes in the Branch Management organization.
Ramsey, amanda J.↗
Pushing data quality for laboratory pair distribution function experiments
Over the past decade, some studies with laboratory pair distribution function (PDF) data emerged. Yet, limited Q max or instrumental resolution impeded in-depth structural refinements. With more advanced detector technologies, the question arose how to design novel PDF equipment for laboratories that will allow decent PDF refinements over r = 1–70 Å. It is crucial to reflect the essential requirements, namely, monochromatic X-rays, suppression of air scattering, instrumental resolution, and overall measurement times. The result is a novel PDF setup based on a STOE STADI P powder diffractometer in transmission-/Debye-Scherrer geometry with monochromatic Ag Kα 1 radiation, featuring a MYTHEN2 4K detector covering a Q range of 0.3–20.5 Å –1 . PDF data are collected in a moving PDF mode within 6 h. Structural signatures of liquids can be satisfactorily resolved in the PDF as shown for the ionic liquid hmimPF 6 . The high instrumental resolution is mirrored in low q damp values determined from LaB 6 measurements. PDF data from a powder sample of ca. 7 nm TiO 2 nanoparticles were successfully refined over up to 70 Å with goodness-of-fit values R w < 0.22 (respectively R w = 0.18 over 30 Å), thanks to the low background and high instrumental resolution, hereby enlarging the accessible r range by several tens of Angstroms compared to previous laboratory PDF studies.
47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗