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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 199 records · Page 11
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2016

Nondestructive Assay Data Integration with the SKB-50 Assemblies - FY16 Update

A project to research the application of non-destructive assay (NDA) techniques for spent fuel assemblies is underway at the Central Interim Storage Facility for Spent Nuclear Fuel (for which the Swedish acronym is Clab) in Oskarshamn, Sweden. The research goals of this project contain both safeguards and non-safeguards interests. These nondestructive assay (NDA) technologies are designed to strengthen the technical toolkit of safeguard inspectors and others to determine the following technical goals more accurately; Verify initial enrichment, burnup, and cooling time of facility declaration for spent fuel assemblies; Detect replaced or missing pins from a given spent fuel assembly to confirm its integrity; and Estimate plutonium mass and related plutonium and uranium fissile mass parameters in spent fuel assemblies. Estimate heat content, and measure reactivity (multiplication).

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2020

Integrating Data Sources for Improved Safeguards and Accountancy of Electrochemical Fuel Reprocessing Systems. Final Report

Electrochemical reprocessing (also commonly known as “pyroprocessing”) of used nuclear fuel is an alternative to aqueous reprocessing that confers a number of advantages, including the ability to process more recently-discharged fuel, smaller resultant waste volumes, and the lack of isolation of plutonium in the product stream. While electrochemical reprocessing systems have seen a significant research and development effort, nuclear safeguards and security of these systems remains under-developed, particularly given the significant differences in operating environment and process flowsheet compared with established aqueous methods. Objective 4 of DOE’s nuclear energy research and development activities in Nuclear Energy Research and Development Roadmap is: “Understand and minimize the risks of nuclear proliferation and terrorism.” Material Control & Accountancy (MC&A) programs at nuclear processing plants deter and detect theft and diversion of nuclear material by both outside and inside adversaries. Empirical modeling and data analytics of online measurements and state indicators can improve the timeliness of detection and reduce the uncertainty in accountancy measures. To support the development and demonstration of such methods, data are needed that capture expected measurement values collected throughout electrochemical reprocessing facilities. A review of the available literature of current research in measurements for electrochemical reprocessing systems identified twenty-two candidate measurement methodologies, which characterize fuel/salt composition, concentrations of various isotopes and elements, and operational parameters throughout the reprocessing facility. Four primary measurement methodologies have been simulated based on either physical simulations or empirical correlations: gamma emissions, neutron emissions, hybrid k-edge densitometry (HKED), and cyclic voltammetry. Initial investigation into the use of these measures for process monitoring and detection suggests the approach is viable and worthy of further investigation. This report summarizes efforts to generate signatures of key measurements during operation of electrochemical reprocessing facilities and initial investigation of data analytics to support process monitoring, diversion detection, and accountancy.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Characterization of LVDS Transmission Data Integrity

Differential Signaling, or LVDS, is a physical layer interface that allows forhigh-speed transmission over short distances, and is an efficient alternative to single-ended signaling. Differential signals are robust to common-mode noise, as the equal and opposite signals both incur identical disturbances. LVDS circuits also utilize a constant current, which allows for lower power consumption. LVDS links will be implemented in future neutrino experiments, so developing and testing a proper design is necessary for incoming projects. This presentation will detail the results of the testing of an LVDS implementation that was designed by the ASIC department at Fermilab.

46 INSTRUMENTATION RELATED TO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ↗
DOE OSTI2020

Integrated Data Analysis to Improve Te and Zeff Measurement on NSTX-U

The multi-energy soft x-ray (ME-SXR) camera is a new concept for a fusion plasma diagnostic based on a pixelated detector with adjustable photon cutoff thresholds. It is a single, compact, solid-state detector which combines spatial and spectral sensitivity and can be configured remotely at run time, making it ideal for a fusion environment. The detector can be configured for application to a wide range of physics problems including impurity transport, electron temperature profiles, and non-thermal effects. The detector has been installed on the Madison Symmetric Torus (MST) as part of a collaboration between Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory and the University of Wisconsin–Madison to develop the technology and analysis techniques. A full diagnostic forward model of the ME-SXR diagnostic has been developed to enable analysis of the raw photon count data. This model incorporates the atomic physics underlying the plasma emission, diagnostic geometry, and detector response characteristics. Employing this model, a Bayesian analysis approach is used to extract electron temperature from the raw data. This analysis approach uses all available information, clearly quantifies prior information, and handles uncertainties transparently. The ME-SXR camera is being used to study the 3D (helical, stellarator-like) state that forms in the MST device. This helical core structure has improved energy confinement. The transition to the helical state is accompanied by a rise in electron temperature in the central part of the helical structure, but then this enhancement fluctuates. The characteristics of this fluctuation are being compared to a magneto-hydrodynamics model.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

M3SF-24LL010301062-Surface Complexation/Ion Exchange Data Integration for Radionuclide Sorption to Clay Minerals

This progress report (Level 3 Milestone Number M3SF-24LL010301062) summarizes research conducted at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) within the Argillite International Collaborations Work Package SF-24LL01030106. The activity is focused on our long-term commitment to engaging our partners in international nuclear waste repository research. The focus of this milestone is the establishment of international collaborations for sorption modeling and the associated impacts of unlocking larger, community-based datasets. More specifically, we are developing a database framework for Spent Fuel and Waste and Science Technology (SFWST) that is aligned with the Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf (HZDR) and other international sorption database development groups in support of the database needs of the SFWST program.

38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEA↗
DOE OSTI2025

Global Archaeal Diversity Revealed Through Massive Data Integration: Uncovering Just Tip of Iceberg

The domain of Archaea has gathered significant interest for its ecological and biotechnological potential and its role in helping us to understand the evolutionary history of Eukaryotes. In comparison to the bacterial domain, the number of adequately described members in Archaea is relatively low, with less than 1000 species described. It is not clear whether this is solely due to the cultivation difficulty of its members or, indeed, the domain is characterized by evolutionary constraints that keep the number of species relatively low. Based on molecular evidence that bypasses the difficulties of formal cultivation and characterization, several novel clades have been proposed, enabling insights into their metabolism and physiology. Given the extent of global sampling and sequencing efforts, it is now possible and meaningful to question the magnitude of global archaeal diversity based on molecular evidence. To do so, we extracted all sequences classified as Archaea from 500 thousand amplicon samples available in public repositories. After processing through our highly conservative pipeline, we named this comprehensive resource the ‘Global Archaea Diversity’ (GAD), which encompassed nearly 3 million molecular species clusters at 97% similarity, and organized it into over 500 thousand genera and nearly 100 thousand families. Saline environments have contributed the most to the novel taxa of this previously unseen diversity. The majority of those 16S rRNA gene sequence fragments were verified by matches in metagenomic datasets from IMG/M. These findings reveal a vast and previously overlooked diversity within the Archaea, offering insights into their ecological roles and evolutionary importance while establishing a foundation for the future study and characterization of this intriguing domain of life.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS1992

Data integration in multi-sensor based robotic workstations

A relaxation labeling algorithm is developed. The major advantage of this algorithm over the existing ones is that the mathematic operation is simplified. The simplification eases the analysis of the convergence properties. Both the theoretical and application aspects of the proposed algorithm are investigated. The local convergence properties of a labeling process with n labels and m labels are established. The investigation of the interaction among the nodes in a multinode labeling process reveals some insight into the mathematical issues involved in the relaxation operations.

Chen, Qin↗
NASA NTRS2001

Human Dimensions of Deforestation and Regrowth in the Brazilian Amazon: Integrating Data from Satellites, Demographic Censuses, and Field Surveys

This report summarizes research activities and products from a collaborative project on the "Human Dimensions of Deforestation and Regrowth in the Brazilian Amazon," awarded to Charles H. Wood (PI; Department of Sociology, University of Texas at Austin, now in the Center for Latin American Studies, University of Florida), Steven E. Sanderson (Co-PI; Department of Political Science, University of Florida, now Dean of Emory College, Emory University) and David L. Skole (Co-PI; Institute for Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire, now in the Department of Geography and Basic Science Remote Sensing Initiative, Michigan State University).

Wood, Charles H.↗
NASA NTRS2008

Enabling and Enhancing Space Mission Success and Reduction of Risk through the Application of an Integrated Data Architecture

The engineering phases of design, development, test, and evaluation (DDT and E) and subsequent planning, preparation, and operation (Ops) of space vehicles in a complex and distributed environment requires massive and continuous flows of information across the enterprise and across temporal stages of the vehicle lifecycle. The resulting capabilities at each subsequent stage depend in part on the capture, preparation, storage, and subsequent provision of information from prior stages. The United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is currently designing a fleet of new vehicles that will replace the Space Shuttle and expand space operations and exploration capabilities. This includes the 2 stage human rated lift vehicle Ares 1 and its associated crew vehicle the Orion, and a service module; the heavy lift cargo vehicle, Ares 5, and an associated cargo stage known as the Earth Departure Stage; and a Lunar Lander vehicle that contains a descent stage, and ascent stage, and a habitation module. A variety of concurrent assorted ground operations infrastructure including software and facilities are also being developed, assorted technology and assembly designs and development for equipment such as EVA suits, life support systems, command and control technologies are also in the pipeline. The development is occurring in a distributed manner, with project deliverables being contributed by a large and diverse assortment of vendors and most space faring nations. Critical information about all of the components, software, and procedures must be shared during the DDT and E phases and then made readily available to the mission operations staff for access during the planning, preparation, and operations phases, and also need to be readily available for system to system interactions. The Constellation Data Systems Project (CxDS) is identifying the needs, and designing and deploying systems and processes to support these needs. This paper details the steps and processes that NASA is applying within the Constellation Program to manage this data and information, and to insure that the correct information is available, correctly annotated, and can be provisioned digitally to enhance response times, and support engineering analysis and anomaly resolution.

Brummett, Robert C.↗
NASA NTRS2010

Software Tool Integrating Data Flow Diagrams and Petri Nets

Data Flow Diagram - Petri Net (DFPN) is a software tool for analyzing other software to be developed. The full name of this program reflects its design, which combines the benefit of data-flow diagrams (which are typically favored by software analysts) with the power and precision of Petri-net models, without requiring specialized Petri-net training. (A Petri net is a particular type of directed graph, a description of which would exceed the scope of this article.) DFPN assists a software analyst in drawing and specifying a data-flow diagram, then translates the diagram into a Petri net, then enables graphical tracing of execution paths through the Petri net for verification, by the end user, of the properties of the software to be developed. In comparison with prior means of verifying the properties of software to be developed, DFPN makes verification by the end user more nearly certain, thereby making it easier to identify and correct misconceptions earlier in the development process, when correction is less expensive. After the verification by the end user, DFPN generates a printable system specification in the form of descriptions of processes and data.

Thronesbery, Carroll↗
NASA NTRS2011

Integrating Data from GRACE and Other Observing Systems for Hydrological Research and Applications

The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission provides a unique view of water cycle dynamics, enabling the only space based observations of water on and beneath the land surface that are not limited by depth. GRACE data are immediately useful for large scale applications such as ice sheet ablation monitoring, but they are even more valuable when combined with other types of observations, either directly or within a data assimilation system. Here we describe recent results of hydrological research and applications projects enabled by GRACE. These include the following: 1) global monitoring of interannual variability of terrestrial water storage and groundwater; 2) water balance estimates of evapotranspiration over several large river basins; 3) NASA's Energy and Water Cycle Study (NEWS) state of the global water budget project; 4) drought indicator products now being incorporated into the U.S. Drought Monitor; 5) GRACE data assimilation over several regions.

Rodell, M.↗
NASA NTRS2018

Model-Based Data Integration and Process Standardization Techniques for Fault Management: A Feasibility Study

This paper describes the theory and considerations in the application of model-based techniques to assimilate information from disjoint knowledge sources for performing NASA's Fault Management (FM)-related activities using the TEAMS® toolset. FM consists of the operational mitigation of existing and impending spacecraft failures. NASA's FM directives have both design-phase and operational-phase goals. This paper highlights recent studies by QSI and DST of the capabilities required in the TEAMS® toolset for conducting FM activities with the aim of reducing operating costs, increasing autonomy, and conforming to time schedules. These studies use and extend the analytic capabilities of QSI's TEAMS® toolset to conduct a range of FM activities within a centralized platform.

Haste, Deepak↗