Design and construction of a position- sensitive proportional counter
Design of proportional counter to record location and magnitude of cosmic X ray event
Monahan, J. F.↗
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Reversible ring counter employing cascaded single SCR stages Patent
Reversible ring counter using cascaded single silicon controlled rectifier stages
Libby, J. N.↗
Magnetic Counter-Patent
Electronic counter circuit utilizing magnetic core and low power consumption
Hayden, R. R.↗
Ripple add and ripple subtract binary counters Patent
Logic circuit to ripple add and subtract binary counters for spaceborne computers
Cliff, R. A.↗
Synchronous counter Patent
Synchronous counter design incorporating cascaded binary stages driven by previous stages and inputs through NAND gates
Mcdermond, D. K.↗
An aircraft borne dust particle counter and its applications to the study of clear air turbulence
Airborne photoelectric particle counter for mapping clear air turbulence
Rosen, J. M.↗
Counter Patent
Circuit for measuring wide range of pulse rates by utilizing high capacity counter
Baumer, W. E.↗
Re-interpretation of OSO-III scintillation counter measurements of hard solar X-ray spectra
Hard solar X-ray spectra measurements, reinterpreting OSO 3 scintillation counter response due to pulse pile-up
Hudson, H. S.↗
Evaluation of otolith organ function by means of ocular counter-rolling measurements
Ocular counter-rolling as otolith organ function indicator
Miller, E. F., II↗
Counter lung
Counter lung, incorporated in closed-loop rebreathing system, accommodates user's breathing tidal volume so that the loop pressure is relatively constant during breathing cycles.
Babinsky, A. D.↗
Soft X-ray astronomy proportional counter electronics
The X-ray multiwire proportional counter is designed to measure cosmic X-ray fluxes at sounding rocket altitudes in the energy range of 0.1 to 10 keV. Four instruments will be launched in a Black Brant 4 rocket employing different combinations of detector windows and gas. The detector is constructed with two layers of twelve cells. A columnator is mounted on the face of one layer whose cells are wired together alternately to form two main detector sections. The electronics and gas regulation systems are mounted on the face of the second layer whose cells are wired together to form one anticoincidence detector section. Normally X-rays will have short ionization paths in only one of the main detector cells at a time and won't enter the anticoincidence detector cells. To distinguish between X-rays and charged particles, the instrument includes a coincidence discriminator, an anticoincidence discriminator, and a pulse rise time discriminator.
Gardner, W. R.↗
A low power X-ray diffractometer for soil analysis in remote locations employing a multiwire proportional counter detector array.
A low power X-ray powder diffraction system suitable for remote mineralogical analysis of lunar, planetary, or asteroid soils has been designed. A one Curie Fe-55 source provides a monochromatic X-ray beam of 5.9 keV. Seeman-Bohlin focusing geometry is employed in the camera, allowing peak detection to proceed simultaneously at all angles and obviating the need for moving parts. The detector system is an array of 500-600 proportional counters with a wire-spacing of 1 mm. An electronics unit comprising preamplifier, postamplifier, window discriminators, and storage flip-flops requiring only 3.5 milliwatts has been designed and tested. Total instrument power is less than 5 W.
Gregory, J. C.↗
Electron paramagnetic resonance studies of a viscous nematic liquid crystal: Evidence counter to a second-order phase change
The ordering in a viscous, nematic, liquid crystal was studied using vanadyl acetyl acetonate and several nitroxides as paramagnetic probes. The ordering curve for VAAC at both K-band and X-band shows a slope discontinuity at a reduced temperature of 0.85. This discontinuity is caused by the tumbling time of the VAAC becoming comparable with the hyperfine splitting. The slope discontinuity is not present in the ordering curves of the nitroxides. The results are taken as evidence counter to the presence of a second-order phase transition.
Shutt, W. E.↗
Mixing-height measurement by lidar, particle counter, and rawinsonde in the Williamette Valley, Oregon
The feasibility of using laser radar (lidar) to measure the spatial distribution of aerosols and water vapor in the earth's mixing or boundary layer is shown. From these data the important parameter of actual mixing height was determined, that is, the maximum height to which particulate pollutants actually mix. Data are shown for simultaneous lidar, rawinsonde, and aircraft-mounted condensation nuclei counter and temperature measurements. The synoptic meteorology is also presented. The Williamette Valley, Oregon, was chosen for the measurements because of its unique combination of meteorology, terrain, and pollutant source, along with an ongoing Oregon State University study of the natural ventilation of this valley.
Mccormick, M. P.↗
Counter tube window and X-ray fluorescence analyzer study
A study was performed to determine the best design tube window and X-ray fluorescence analyzer for quantitative analysis of Venusian dust and condensates. The principal objective of the project was to develop the best counter tube window geometry for the sensing element of the instrument. This included formulation of a mathematical model of the window and optimization of its parameters. The proposed detector and instrument has several important features. The instrument will perform a near real-time analysis of dust in the Venusian atmosphere, and is capable of measuring dust layers less than 1 micron thick. In addition, wide dynamic measurement range will be provided to compensate for extreme variations in count rates. An integral pulse-height analyzer and memory accumulate data and read out spectra for detail computer analysis on the ground.
Hertel, R.↗
Electronic strain-level counter
An electronic strain level counter for obtaining structural strain data on in-flight aircraft is described. The device counts the number of times the strain at a point on an aircraft structural member exceeds each of several preset levels. A dead band is provided at each level to prohibit the counting of small strain variations around a given preset level.
Pitts, F. L.↗
The calculation of proportional counter energy-deposition spectra from experimental data.
The experimental approach considered requires the measurement of energy-absorption distributions for a set of pathlengths which define a biological volume. A suitable folding procedure is necessary to produce composite energy-absorption distributions. The investigation is concerned with the quality of the prediction of energy-deposition distributions, taking into account distributions measured with a proportional counter.
Steigerwalt, J. E.↗
A multiwire proportional counter system for high energy astrophysics
Resolution tests of multiwire proportional counter delay line readout systems are reported. The system is being developed at NASA/JSC for use in a large balloon borne magnet spectrometer. The system is ultimately intended for use in Space Shuttle missions. Tests of two different types of delay line and associated electronics carried out in minimum ionizing particle beams (accelerator and sea level cosmic ray) are reported. Resolution performance is shown to be strongly dependent on type of gas mixture and in the case of inclined events upon the propagation velocity of the delay line. The resolution performance achieved for magic gas chamber filling (100 um at normal incidence) is far superior to any other state of the art technique capable of being applied to large geometry factor systems.
Lacy, J. L.↗