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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 217 records · Page 12
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1974

Cooperative airframe/propulsion control for supersonic cruise aircraft

Interactions between propulsion systems and flight controls have emerged as a major control problem on supersonic cruise aircraft. This paper describes the nature and causes of these interactions and the approaches to predicting and solving the problem. Integration of propulsion and flight control systems appears to be the most promising solution if the interaction effects can be adequately predicted early in the vehicle design. Significant performance, stability, and control improvements may be realized from a cooperative control system.

Schweikhard, W. G.↗
NASA NTRS1974

Cooperation between socialist countries in space biology and medicine within the framework of the Interkosmos program

Upon the proposal of the Soviet Union, experts from the socialist countries accepted the following scientific problems for cooperation in space biology and medicine: (1) the effect on the body of extreme space flight factors (space physiology); (2) radiation safety of space flights and search for pharmaco-chemical means of antiradiation protection; and (3) medico-biological aspects of closed ecological systems.

Gurovskiy, N. N.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Psychological and physiological correlates of stress: Performance on a cooperative task

The relationship of personality dimensions to performance was investigated. The personality measure used to select subjects, the Barratt impulsiveness scale, is hypothesized to be related to a style of behavior which should affect the trend of choices which various subjects will make. Personality dimensions were specifically examined during performance of a cooperative task, the Prisoner's Dilemma.

Roessler, R.↗
NASA NTRS1976

Remote sensing by satellite - Technical and operational implications for international cooperation

International cooperation in the U.S. Space Program is discussed and related to the NASA program for remote sensing of the earth. Satellite remote sensing techniques are considered along with the selection of the best sensors and wavelength bands. The technology of remote sensing satellites is considered with emphasis on the Landsat system configuration. Future aspects of remote sensing satellites are considered.

Doyle, S. E.↗
NASA NTRS1977

Spacelab - A new tool for cooperative research

For work in earth orbit, the European Space Agency, ESA, in cooperation with NASA, has developed a flexible laboratory system called Spacelab, which will fit into the Space Shuttle. Spacelab will offer new possibilities for conducting research related to the behavior and properties of the neutral and ionized atmosphere. Up to 400 km altitude, the total payload weight will be in excess of 25,000 kg. The main advantages of Spacelab consist of high payload weight, power, the return of the instrumentation, and the availability of man for real-time operation of the equipment. Limitations are related to the local contamination, the restriction of mission duration to periods from one to four weeks, and limited altitudes and inclinations (for early missions). Spacelab is, therefore, not suited for many types of in-situ sensing, or for long-term monitoring. Attention is given to the proposed science program, passive observations, and chemical releases and active experiments.

Schmerling, E. R.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Apparent cooperativity of amino acid transport in Halobacterium halobium - Effect of electrical potential

Active serine accumulation in cell envelope vesicles from Halobacterium halobium proceeds by co-transport with Na(+) and can be induced by either transmembrane electrical potential or transmembrane Na(+) concentration difference. It was shown earlier that in the former case the initial transport rate is a fourth-power function of the magnitude of the electrochemical potential difference of sodium ions, and in the latter, a second-power function. A possible interpretation of this finding is cooperativity of sodium-transporting sites in the transport carrier. When both kinds of driving force are imposed simultaneously on the vesicles, fourth-power dependence on the total potential difference of sodium ions is obtained, suggesting that the transport carrier is regulated by the electrical potential. Heat treatment of the vesicles at 48 C partially inactivates transport and abolishes this effect of the electrical potential.

Lanyi, J. K.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Introducing remote sensing to county-level agencies in Michigan through the Cooperative Extension Service

State and regional planning agencies in Michigan are aware of remote sensing technology, however, many agencies at the county and township level have not been introduced to its potential. This paper describes an educational effort undertaken by the MSU Remote Sensing Project and the Michigan Cooperative Extension Service aimed at reaching local decision makers. Remote sensing materials and a questionnaire were used to elicit interest and aid in planning the program. A series of seven workshops were held throughout Michigan for governmental officials and the staff of public agencies from 38 counties. Emphasis was placed on the characteristics, availability and usefulness of remotely-sensed data through a series of successful applications conducted in the state. The workshops were highly successful and many local decision makers are not aware of a new tool to call upon in their responses to land use and natural resource concerns.

Enslin, W. R.↗
NASA NTRS1983

International cooperation and competition in space - A current perspective

International cooperative efforts undertaken by NASA are evaluated and consideration is given to the proposed space station. The Shuttle RMS and Spacelab were constructed through efforts of Canadian and European companies and the ESA. Landsat, with its widely dispersed technology and data, has encouraged international access to its capabilities and start-up of follow-on programs in other countries. Space station planning is proceeding with a view to worldwide utilization of space and to the commitment and resources other nations are willing to place in the station. It is conceded that administrative difficulties will arise if the space station is a completely international effort guided by NASA. Additionally, concern will be present for technology leaks, national security implications on the space station, and reasonably fulfilling the benefits expected by those who become partners in the construction and operation of the station.

Pedersen, K. S.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Spacelab - Ten years of international cooperation

The history, current status, and future plans of the Spacelab program are reviewed, with a focus on the cooperative relationship between ESA and NASA. The initial decision to undertake the program and the three agreements signed to begin its implementation are examined, and the division of responsibilities and financial contributions is discussed insofar as it affected the management structure. Consideration is given to the major facilities, the 50-mission operational cycle, communications, the currently scheduled activities (through 1985), the prospective later uses, and the ten dedicated discipline laboratories. The importance of continuous mutual support during the planning and development phases is stressed. The program so far is considered a success, in terms of the goals set by the participants and in terms of the resolution of the problems inherent in international technological endeavors.

Bignier, M.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Galileo spacecraft integration - International cooperation on a planetary mission in the Shuttle era

The Galileo mission is designed to greatly expand scientific knowledge of Jupiter and its system. The retropropulsion module (RPM) as a major functional element of the Galileo spacecraft is described. The major mission and spacecraft requirements on the RPM are presented. Complexities of the integration process due to the international interface are identified. Challenges associated with integration with new launch vehicles, the Shuttle and upper stage, and their relationships to the RPM are discussed. The results of the integration process involving mission and propulsion performance, reliability, mechanical and thermal interfaces, and safety are described. Finally, considerations and recommendations for future missions involving international cooperation are given.

Spehalski, R. J.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Quadratic optimal cooperative control synthesis with flight control application

An optimal control-law synthesis approach is presented that involves simultaneous solution for two cooperating controllers operating in parallel. One controller's structure includes stochastic state estimation and linear feedback of the state estimates, while the other controller involves direct linear feedback of selected system output measurements. This structure is shown to be optimal under the constraint of linear feedback of system outputs in one controller. Furthermore, it is appropriate for flight control synthesis where the full-state optimal stochastic controller can be adjusted to be representative of an optimal control model of the human pilot in a stochastic regulation task. The method is experimentally verified in the case of the selection of pitch-damper gain for optimum pitch tracking, where optimum implies the best subjective pilot rating in the task. Finally, results from application of the method to synthesize a controller for a multivariable fighter aircraft are presented, and implications of the results of this method regarding the optimal plant dynamics for tracking are discussed.

Schmidt, D. K.↗
NASA NTRS1984

International cooperation in the commercial era of space

NASA plans permitting international participation in space activities are reviewed, with an emphasis on the increasing commercialization of these endeavors. The potential indicated by the recent success of the STS, long-term and large-scale Soviet missions, and the Ariane launcher is discussed; the development of the Space Station concept is traced; the increasing use of remote-sensing and telecommunications satellites is documented; currently planned space science missions are listed; and the NASA policy on international cooperation (full payment by the second nation, clean payload-spacecraft interfaces to prevent technology transfer, and open availability of scientific results) is outlined. It is argued that space activity, having passed through first and second phases dominated by exploration and military goals, respectively, will now soon enter a primarily commercial phase, with competition in telecommunications and remote-sensing services and private investment in space processing, manufacturing, and even launchers.

Allnutt, R. F.↗