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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 217 records · Page 12
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2020

Subsurface Flow Across Polygonal Tundra Measured by Bromide Tracer, Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska, 2015-2016

A bromide tracer study with the primary focus on hydrology in the active layer of polygonal tundra in the Barrow Environmental Observatory in Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska from July 2015 to September 2016. Sampling devices placed at various depths in the polygon centers, rims, and troughs were used to monitor tracer concentrations during thaw seasons. The tracer was continually monitored simultaneously on a low- and high-centered polygon throughout thaw seasons. Included is one data file of the bromide tracer concentrations. Also included are measurements taken throughout the experiment - one data file each of frost table depth and precipitation; and twelve water table elevation data files. Water level data, meteorological data, and thaw depth measurements were taken throughout the experiment. Our approach permits a comparison of hydrological behaviors in low- and high-centered polygons over the same time period and meteorological conditions.The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a 10-year research effort (2012-2022) to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research.The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska.Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
NASA NTRS2019

Collecting and Processing Earth Science Data Metrics at NASA ESDIS

Since the launch of Terra satellite in 1999, the number of Earth Science remote sensing data products created and distributed by NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) Data and Information System (EOSDIS) has increased from a few hundred to nearly ten thousand. NASA's Earth Science Data and Information System (ESDIS) Metrics System (EMS) collects metrics on data ingest, archive, and distribution by its Distributed Active Archive Centers (DAACs) and the Science Investigator-led Systems (SIPS), known as Data Providers. These metrics are critical in helping NASA management as well as data producers in resource planning and gaining a wide range of knowledge of data users and data usage.EMS receives flat files, or log files of data archive, ingest, and distribution either in their raw format, such as Apache web logs, or text files of log records formatted by the Data Providers. Tens of millions of records are processed each day to extract metrics on data products, user information, distribution protocols and services, and so on. The metrics are then made available to designated parties.This presentation provides an overview of the EMS processing workflow and improvement efforts made in recent years to handle ever-increasing number of data records and new metrics requirements, discusses several key steps including mapping log records to data products and identifying user communities along with geo-distribution, and demonstrates typical metrics capabilities produced by the EMS system. Challenges and potential approaches to improve the system are also discussed.

Pan, Jianfu↗
NASA NTRS2019

Leveraging STARE for Co-aligned Data Locality with netCDF and Python MPI

We have leveraged STARE indexing to package partitioned data chunks from diverse datasets into netCDF files, distributed them on a cluster of 16 lightweight nodes with their placements spatiotemporally co-aligned, and demonstrated a few integrative analyses using netCDF parallel I/O and Python MPI, with single-user performance and scalability comparable to, or even better than, that of a parallel array database management system (ADBMS) such as SciDB. However, records of the node location and STARE index ranges for each data chunk, similar to the chunk maps of SciDB, must be maintained and consulted by the I/O and analysis code for coordinating the analytic operations in parallel, in order to achieve the good performance and scalability.

Kwo-Sen Kuo↗
DOE OSTI2024

Maps of plant functional type (PFT), PFT fractional cover, and uncertainty derived from AVIRIS-NG data, 2019, Seward Peninsula

Remote sensing maps of plant functional type (PFT), PFT fractional cover (fCover), and fCover uncertainty maps derived from NASA’s Airborne Visible / Infrared Imaging Spectrometer – Next Generation (AVIRIS-NG). The AVIRIS-NG imaging spectroscopy data (380 ~ 2510 nm) was collected as a part of the collaboration between NASA’s Arctic-Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (ABoVE; Miller et al., 2019) and DOE’s Next Generation Ecosystem Experiment in the Arctic (NGEE-Arctic). This package includes maps for flights over Teller, Kougarok, and Council watersheds created using eight AVIRIS-NG imagery collected in July, 2019. The map data and metadata are provided as image (ENVI, *.png) and text (*.txt, *hdr) formats. Additional supporting map quicklooks are provided as GIS *.kml files. Detailed description of the methods for each map are provided in Yang et al., (2023). These datasets are provided in support of Yang et al., (In revision) “Topography and Functional Traits Control the Distribution of Key Shrub Plant Functional Types in Low-Arctic Tundra”.The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research.The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska.Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Continuous soil temperature and soil deformation measurements, Teller road Mile 47, Nome, Alaska.

The dataset comprises Soil Temperature and Deformation monitoring data gathered from a watershed situated along the Nome-Teller road at Mile 47 in Alaska. Its primary objective is to enhance comprehension of deformation mechanisms in permafrost environments by using 51 probes designed following Wielandt et al. (2022). The dataset comprises a description of Probe_ID, Location, start time, end time and probe length in the "ProbesLocations_StartEndDates.csv" file, the 51 data files encapsulated within "Data_files.zip" and the computed deformation for 2023 and 2022 in "Deformation_T47.zip".Each file in Data_files.zip is named as followed "ProbeId_StartMonth_EndMonth.csv". Within each file, the initial column denotes the timestamp in UTC, followed by the sensor’s battery voltage and temperature and acceleration values (X, Y, Z) in subsequent columns. The data collection frequency is set at 30-minute intervals. Each file in Deformation_T47.zip is named as followed "ProbeId_Temp_def_year.csv". Within each file, the initial column denotes the timestamp in UTC, followed by the temperature at each sensor and cumulative deformation from last to first sensor in subsequent columns. The data collection is daily averaged.This dataset forms an integral component of the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic). The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research.The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska.Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Disentangling the Impacts of Microtopography and Shrub Distribution on Snow Depth in a Subarctic Watershed: Toward a Predictive Understanding of Snow Spatial Variability: Supporting Data and Code

This repository contains R code and associated datasets for reproducing the analysis described in the manuscript titled “Disentangling the Impacts of Microtopography and Shrub Distribution on Snow Depth in a Subarctic Watershed: Toward a Predictive Understanding of Snow Spatial Variability” (DOI: 10.1029/2024JG008604). The provided scripts facilitate a comprehensive analysis of snow depth variability influenced by microtopography and vegetation distribution in a subarctic watershed. Included datasets are high-resolution spatial maps of snow depth, terrain elevation, vegetation height, and distance from shrubs taller than 1 meter, all formatted as text files (.txt). These data are fully describe in doi:10.15485/2316038. Users can adapt the provided R scripts to accommodate different data formats or larger spatial domains, noting that some output files may require modification due to their size.The code includes implementations for boosted regression tree analysis adapted from methods outlined in Elith et al. (2008). Users interested in understanding or modeling landscape-scale snow distribution patterns, particularly in Arctic or subarctic ecosystems, will find this package useful. The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research.The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska.Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Modeled estimates of permafrost hydrology and related fields for pan-Arctic region over the period 1980-2100

This dataset contains gridded estimates of total runoff (mm/day); subsurface runoff (mm/day); snow water equivalent (SWE, mm/day); vertical upward water flux of combined surface evaporation, evapotranspiration, and snow sublimation (mm/day); and soil temperature (C) across the pan-Arctic basin from simulations of the Permafrost Water Balance Model (PWBM v4). These data were generated to allow researchers to advance understanding of the changes unfolding in the Arctic's terrestrial water cycle under the influences of climate warming, hydrological cycle intensification, and permafrost thaw. The dataset will enable researchers to address important questions spanning multiple disciplines. For example, how will rising river flows exported to the coast impact critical zone ecosystems, near-shore ice dynamics, and ocean biogeochemical processes. Spatial resolution is 25x25 km with N=39926 grid cells spanning the domain. Three forcing datasets were used to drive simulations at an implicit daily time step over the period 1980-2100. Daily air temperature, precipitation, and wind speed data from the WATCH Forcing Data methodology applied to ERA5 reanalysis (W5E5) were used for meteorological forcings over the period 1980-2019. Simulations for the period 1980-2100 used meteorological data from two global climate models; IPSL-CM6A-LR and MPI-ESM1-2-HR. The PWBM hydrological outputs are organized by grid and month in gzipped ASCII text files within each archived tar file. Soil temperature is organized by grid cell and day of year from DOY 205 to DOY 260. No special software is required to work with these data. The package contains spatial domain and river basin information files. These data are most useful for analyses of the spatial and temporal variations in terrestrial hydrology and soil thermal dynamics. A manuscript describing the model simulations and associated analysis has been accepted for publication in The Cryosphere (Rawlins and Karmalkar, 2024).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Hysteretic temperature sensitivity of wetland CH4 fluxes explained by substrate availability and microbial activity: Model Archive

This Modeling Archive is in support of an NGEE Arctic publication "Hysteretic temperature sensitivity of wetland CH4 fluxes explained by substrate availability and microbial activity" in the Journal Biogeosciences (https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-5849-2020), which includes the model data used in the publication. CH4 emissions from terrestrial systems are posited to increase, which can offset mitigation efforts and accelerate climate change. Yet, the accuracy of modeled CH4 emissions is sensitive to the prescribed CH4 production (or emission) temperature dependencies that are currently uncertain. Here, we use a comprehensive biogeochemistry model (ecosys) to investigate factors modulating CH4 production and emission rates across a permafrost thaw gradient encompassing a partly thawed bog and a fully thawed fen. We find that seasonally varying substrate availability drives lower and higher modeled methanogen biomass and activity, and thereby CH4 production, during the earlier and later periods of the thawed season, respectively. Package follows the Model data archiving guidelines with data in a *.zip file with three subfolders containing *.csv files and raw model output files; a data dictionary table (data_dictionary.csv) and two model output description tables (ecosys_plantspecies_output_notes.csv and ecosys_soil_ouput_notes.csv) to explain the format and meaning of individual output variables; and a user guide as a *.pdf. A detailed model description can be found in the supplement of (Grant, 2013). The ecosys source code is available at https://doi:10.5281/zenodo.3906642. The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Integrating New Arctic Plant Functional Types in a Land Surface Model Using Above- and Belowground Field Observations: Modeling Archive

This Modeling Archive is in support of an NGEE Arctic publication "Integrating New Arctic Plant Functional Types in a Land Surface Model Using Above- and Belowground Field Observations". We used field observations of biomass and leaf traits (Salmon et al., 2019b) across a gradient of plant communities on the Seward Peninsula in northwest Alaska (Breen et al., 2020; Iversen et al., 2017) to replace the original ELM configuration with nine, arctic-specific PFTs. Original arctic PFTs in the model were (1) broadleaf deciduous boreal shrub and (2) C3 arctic grass. New PFTs were (1) lichen, (2) bryophyte, (3) evergreen dwarf shrub, (4) deciduous dwarf shrub, (5) deciduous low shrub, (6) deciduous low to tall shrub, (7) alder shrub, (8) forb, and (9) graminoid. New PFTs were parameterized and evaluated using site-level trait and biomass measurements (Salmon et al., 2019b), root C:N ratios and rooting depth patterns (Salmon et al., 2019c), and root biomass (Salmon et al., 2020). This archive contains forcing data and model output from ELM simulations conducted at the Kougarok Hillslope site (Kougarok Road Mile Marker 64). Simulations were conducted for the Kougarok Hillslope site using meteorological driving data from the Scenarios Network for Alaska and Arctic Planning (SNAP) downscaled climate projection dataset using NCAR-CCSM forcing (Bieniek et al., 2020 dataset; Walsh et al., 2018). The archive includes three versions of model simulations representing a progression from the original model configuration to an Arctic-specific configuration (see Output section below). Simulation 1 used grid cell data from a global E3SM configuration, including the fractional area of E3SM PFTs assigned to the grid cell containing the Kougarok Hillslope site in global simulations. This simulation did not distinguish between different plant communities on the Kougarok Hillslope, but instead used a single point simulation to represent the entire area. Simulation 2 used default E3SM PFT definitions combined with adjusted depth to bedrock for plant communities with shallow rocky layers to represent the role of abiotic soil factors in driving site differences (based on depth measurements of Iversen et al., 2019a), and adjusted the relative areas of the broadleaf deciduous boreal shrub and C3 arctic grass PFTs to reflect the observed spatial coverage of shrub and non-shrub PFTs across Kougarok Hillslope plant communities. Simulation 3 used the new arctic PFT definitions and parameterizations based on the vegetation types present at the site, along with the adjusted soil depths used in Simulation 2. Included are *.pdf, *.nc (NetCDF), *tar.gz, *.py, and *.bash files. We would like to thank Mary's Igloo Native Corporation for allowing us to perform this research on their land and giving us the opportunity to share this research with their community. Thanks to Shawn Serbin and Alistair Rogers for helpful discussions. Holly Vander Stel, Joanne Childs, and Stan Wullschleger helped with collection of field data. The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Surface and Active Layer Water Chemistry, Teller Road Mile Marker 27, Seward Peninsula, Alaska, 2016-2018

This dataset provides the results of spatial surveys of aqueous geochemistry conducted at Teller Road Site, Seward Peninsula, Alaska. Surface water and soil pore water samples were collected from multiple depth within the active layer at designated Intensive Stations 2 through 9 at the Teller Road MM 27 Site (TL_MM27). Reported analytes include dissolved methane and carbon dioxide, dissolved organic and inorganic carbon, major inorganic anions, and major and minor cations. Samples and measurements were collected from 2016-2018. Specifically, samples were collected in September of 2016, August and September of 2017, and August of 2018. Most of the samples were collected from piezometers installed at various depths within the active layer (70 cm max). A few are surface water grab samples. Data are provided in a single comma separated (.xlsx / .csv) file. One supplemental file is also included. It provides the results of a limited set of analyses (dissolved methane and carbon dioxide and Fe(II)) on surface and soil pore water samples collected at Teller (TL_MM27) and Council (CN_MM71) locations in September 2019. The metadata and data are draft with outstanding clarifications and additions to come. The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a 10-year research effort (2012-2022) to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy?s Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy?s Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Electrical and Seismic Response of Saline Permafrost Soil during Freeze - Thaw Transition: Supporting Data

These data were collected during a repeat freeze-thaw cycle on a saline permafrost portion of a core to understand mechanical and geophysical property changes over time. The core used for the experiment was collected from the NGEE-Arctic Site 0 transect site located in the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) in Barrow, Alaska. This region features polygonal ground, and the core was collected in the center of a flat centered polygon. The saline permafrost portion of the core was at the bottom 260-280 cm below ground surface. Data files (*.csv) include: Electrical signal change during freeze-thaw-refreeze cycle at 1 Hz; Spectral data - Complex resistivity data during Freeze-thaw of the saline permafrost core; Seismic data; and CT cross sections (*.jpg) of the core sample from approximately the same location: (A, D) before the test (thawed), (B, E) after the test (frozen), and (C, F) after deep freeze (frozen).The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2026

NGEE Arctic Integrated Modeling (IM3): Improved snow-vegetation interaction

This data product represents the integration of new code capability for arctic tundra snow-vegetation-terrain interactions into the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM), through the E3SM Land Model (ELM) component. This code integration is the result of collaborative effort between the NGEE Arctic project and the E3SM project. The NGEE Arctic project developed a total of six Integrated Modeling (IM) modules informed by observations and experiments. New ELM capability represented by this data product (IM3) falls into three categories: 1) Downscaling from gridcell to topographic unit level when working through the existing coupler bypass code. 2) Four new parameters (taper, stocking, bendresist, and vegshape) have been added to ELM to allow for flexible definition of snow-vegetation interactions. 3) Vegshape and bendresist parameters are used to calculate the fraction of leaf area and/or stem area buried by snow for a given snow depth. This data record consists of a single document (pdf format) that describes the theoretical basis for the snow-vegetation-terrain interactions added to ELM, and describes the modifications made to the ELM code. The Methods section of this metadata record includes a link to the public E3SM code repository where the exact code modifications as integrated in E3SM can be accessed. The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

Thornton, Peter E [ORNL] (ORCID:0000000247595158)↗
DOE OSTI2026

Permafrost Thaw, Uneven Subsidence and Projected Drying of Ice-wedge Polygon Tundra: Modeling Archive

This dataset is a model archive of the paper Permafrost Thaw, Uneven Subsidence and Projected Drying of Ice-wedge Polygon Tundra (in prep) to support a modeling study investigating how projected increases in Arctic temperature and precipitation will jointly influence hydrologic conditions in ice-rich tundra landscapes. With this dataset, this study is to address the research question: Will Arctic tundra landscapes become wetter or drier with increasing precipitation and temperature in the future when thaw-induced ground subsidence and associated microtopographic evolution are represented? The simulations focus on ice-wedge polygon tundra, a widespread form of ice-rich permafrost terrain that is highly sensitive to thaw-driven landscape change. This dataset contains model input and output data for four study watersheds in Alaska: Anaktuvuk, Utqiagvik (formerly Barrow), Brooks Foothills, and Prudhoe Bay. Simulations were performed using the Advanced Terrestrial Simulator (ATS, v1.5), a physics-rich integrated surface–subsurface hydrologic model. For each watershed, ten modeling cases were performed representing two landscape evolution conditions (with subsidence and without subsidence) combined with five climate forcing scenarios derived from Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP5, SSP5 with precipitation trend, SSP2, SSP2 with precipitation trend, and SSP2 with double precipitation trend). Particularly, for each watershed under the forcing SSP2 with precipitation trend, there are two additional simulations considering spatially heterogeneous subsidence distributions: one assumes randomly distributed scaling and the other includes elevation dependent distribution scaling. These simulations span 1980–2099 and include spin-up runs (1980–2009) followed by transient projections (2010–2099). To facilitate reproducibility of simulations, all datasets are organized by watershed. For each study watershed, the dataset contains: (1) Pre-partitioned mesh files for 32-core modeling (.par.32.XX), located in EACH_WATERSHED/mesh/basin; and also a non-partitioned mesh file (.exo) located in EACH_WATERSHED/mesh; (2) Climate forcings corresponding to the five SSP scenarios (.h5), located in EACH_WATERSHED/data; (3) Final states (.h5) from column spin-up modeling used to initialize historical watershed-scale spin-up runs from 1980 to 2009, located in EACH_WATERSHED/PreSpinupHistorical; (4) Final states (.h5) of historical watershed-scale spin-up runs from 1980 to 2009 used to initialize projection runs, located in EACH_WATERSHED/Spinup_daymetERA5; (5) ATS modeling input files (.xml), located in EACH_WATERSHED/EACH_SIMULATION_SCENARIO/inputfiles; (6) ATS modeling output files (.dat), located in in EACH_WATERSHED/EACH_SIMULATION_SCENARIO/combined_obs; (7) For the Brooks Foothills watershed, additional spatial model outputs are provided (.h5) for selected years (2033 and 2093) used to generate spatial figures in this study, located in Brooksfoothills/EACH_SIMULATION_SCENARIO/results-WITH/WITHOUT_SUBSIDENCE-year2033/2093. All data files with suffix .h5 can be accessible through Python h5py, and all data files with suffix of .dat can be imported by Python pandas. Mesh file with .exo can be visualized through Paraview or read by Python netCDF. The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments in the Arctic (NGEE Arctic) project is a research effort to reduce uncertainty in the Department of Energy’s Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) by developing a predictive understanding of Arctic tundra ecosystems underlain by permafrost and to quantify feedbacks from the Arctic tundra to the Earth system. NGEE Arctic is supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. Over Phases 1–3, observations made by the NGEE Arctic team across a gradient of permafrost landscapes in Arctic Alaska improved the representation of tundra processes in the land surface component of E3SM (the E3SM Land Model, ELM). Model improvements emphasized unique aspects of permafrost environments and explored reductions in model complexity while retaining predictive power. The Arctic-informed ELM developed by NGEE Arctic has been used to make novel predictions on processes ranging from permafrost thaw to soil biogeochemical cycling to Earth system feedbacks associated with the unique characteristics of tundra plants. In Phase 4, the NGEE Arctic team is evaluating our new predictive understanding under novel conditions across the Arctic domain. In collaboration with partners at long-term pan-Arctic research sites we are examining whether an Arctic-informed ELM can faithfully simulate interactions among surface and subsurface processes at site, regional, and pan-Arctic scales. In turn, we are using variety of tools to dynamically extend and evaluate ELM inference, with an emphasis on data synthesis and pan-Arctic model evaluation, reintegration of code with an evolving E3SM, scaling across heterogeneous Arctic landscapes, and the appropriate representation of the impacts of increasingly frequent Arctic disturbances.

EARTH SCIENCE > ATMOSPHERE > PRECIPITATION↗
DOE OSTI2022

NGEE Arctic Soil Pit and Core Inventory for Samples Collected Between 2016-2019: Locations, Sampling Characteristics, Collection, and Contacts, Seward Peninsula, Alaska, USA

This dataset includes associated information about individual pit and core samples (e.g., location, contact, date, data collected) sampled between 2016 and 2019 from NGEE Arctic sites at Teller (MM 27 and MM47), Kougarok (MM47 and MM56, Hillslope, and vegetation plot areas), and Council (MM71). The inventory is qualitative and excludes those datasets on soil pit cores that included time-series information. The package includes one each *.csv data file, *.kml and *.pdf. All quantitative data is available in the related datasets https://doi.org/10.5440/1417652, https://doi.org/10.5440/1423892, https://doi.org/10.5440/1342956, https://doi.org/10.5440/1854940, https://doi.org/10.5440/1544760, https://doi.org/10.5440/1346200, and https://doi.org/10.5440/1856042. The goal of this dataset is to help modelers understand when, where, and what data was collected with respect to physical soil properties on the Seward Peninsula, AK, USA over the course of NGEE Arctic’s campaigns in the region from 2016-2019. The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Reference Shapefiles and Pre-trained Random Forest Classification Models for Detecting Aufeis on the North Slope of Alaska in Landsat Imagery

This dataset provides shapefiles and trained machine learning models used for aufeis detection at four sites on the North Slope of Alaska. It includes reference data for evaluating Landsat-based detection methods, supporting research on remote sensing approaches for identifying aufeis. The ReferenceData folder contains ArcGIS shapefiles of semi-automated land cover classifications for 217 Landsat Collection 2 images, categorizing pixels into six classes: aufeis, snow, ground, none, water, and cloud. The SiteBuffers.zip file includes 10-kilometer buffer shapefiles defining regions of interest around four aufeis fields (Canning21, FH1, Firth, and Kuparuk), used to test three detection techniques. Additionally, the TrainedRFModels folder contains six pre-trained Scikit-Learn Random Forest classifiers (100 trees, max depth = 30) designed to predict aufeis presence in Landsat Collection 2 Surface Reflectance images using Red, Blue, SWIR2, NDVI, and NDWI bands. This dataset supports the development and validation of remote sensing methods for mapping aufeis in Arctic environments.The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research.The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska.Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

NGEE Arctic Tram: Periodic Soil Moisture, Temperature, and Thaw Depth Measurements across Polygonal Tundra, Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska, 2014-2015

Manual measurements of soil moisture, temperature, and thaw depth were collected in the footprint of the NGEE Arctic Tram starting 2014-07-20 and continuing through 2015-07-16. There were 10 periodic sampling events with measurements in one *.csv file. These measurements were collected under the Tram observational platform. Probes were inserted into ground beneath the track closest to Tram sensors measurement locations at each Tram measurement position (Position # marked on the tracks). A MiniTrase Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) instrument was used to measure volumetric water content (VWC; units = m3/m3). Soil temperature was measured with a thermocouple probe. Depth of thawed soil was measured from the top of the moss layer or top of soil. See user guide for more information *.pdf. The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Vegetation Warming Experiment: Landscape-scale digital camera imagery for vegetation phenology, Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska, 2019

Images captured using a StarDot NetCam SC phenocamera looking east from the top of the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) Sled Shed, Utqiagvik, Alaska. The camera was installed to remotely monitor plant phenology and operation of the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) TEST group's ZPW (Zero Power Warming) chambers during the growing season of 2019. Images were captured from early spring (4 April) through to mid fall (30 October). Snowmelt, vegetation growth and senescence, and snow accumulation were captured. Images were uploaded to the BNL FTP server every hour, then from 2019-06-27 to 2019-10-02 images were recorded every 10 minutes, then at hourly intervals until the end of data collection on 2019-10-30. Files were renamed with the date and time of the image. jpg images have been compressed in *.tar.gz format (5.6 GB). Closer fields of view (northeasterly) were also captured using 4 Wingscapes TimelapseCam cameras mounted on a mast on the sled shed. These cameras were operated from 2019-06-23 to 2019-09-25, with images recorded every 30 minutes from 9:00 to 16:30 Alaska daylight time (AKDT, UTC-8). Individual jpg images have been compressed in zip format for each camera and also presented as mp4 timelapse movies.The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Vegetation Warming Experiment: Thaw Depth and dGPS locations, Barrow, Alaska, 2018

Thaw depth measurements within and around warming chambers, and at ambient plots. Measurements were taken at the start and end of chamber deployment, and two intermediate times during the 2018 growth season. dGPS measurements of chamber and ambient plot locations. This dataset contains one kmz, two xlsx, and three csv files where the xlsx files have been preserved as csvs for preservation. These data were collected as part of a series of single-season warming experiments on tundra vegetation on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO), Utqiagvik, Alaska. A different plant species was targeted each year, over four experimental years from 2017–2021. Each year, five warming chambers and paired ambient control plots were deployed from around the time of snowmelt in mid-June through to mid-September. Average seasonal warming of 3-4°C was achieved using Zero Power Warming (ZPW) chambers (Lewin et al, 2017).The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗