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DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Li2VO2F by Materials Project

Li2VO2F is Caswellsilverite-derived structured and crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are ten inequivalent Li1+ sites. In the first Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to one O2- and five F1- atoms. The Li–O bond length is 2.10 Å. There are a spread of Li–F bond distances ranging from 1.91–2.43 Å. In the second Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to five O2- and one F1- atom. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.90–2.53 Å. The Li–F bond length is 2.40 Å. In the third Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to three O2- and three F1- atoms to form LiO3F3 octahedra that share corners with three LiO3F3 octahedra, corners with three VO6 octahedra, edges with three VO6 octahedra, and edges with nine LiO3F3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–12°. There are two shorter (2.15 Å) and one longer (2.35 Å) Li–O bond lengths. There are one shorter (1.94 Å) and two longer (2.13 Å) Li–F bond lengths. In the fourth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to three O2- and three F1- atoms to form LiO3F3 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent LiO3F3 octahedra, corners with three VO6 octahedra, edges with three VO4F2 octahedra, and edges with nine LiO3F3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 7–9°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.14–2.26 Å. There are two shorter (2.02 Å) and one longer (2.18 Å) Li–F bond lengths. In the fifth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to five O2- and one F1- atom to form distorted LiO5F octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO3F3 octahedra, corners with three VO6 octahedra, edges with three VO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO5F octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 11–14°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.93–2.47 Å. The Li–F bond length is 2.21 Å. In the sixth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- and two equivalent F1- atoms to form distorted LiO4F2 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent LiO3F3 octahedra, corners with three VO6 octahedra, edges with three VO6 octahedra, and edges with seven LiO3F3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–14°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.46 Å. Both Li–F bond lengths are 2.16 Å. In the seventh Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to two equivalent O2- and four F1- atoms to form LiO2F4 octahedra that share corners with three LiO3F3 octahedra, corners with three VO5F octahedra, edges with three VO4F2 octahedra, and edges with seven LiO3F3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–11°. There are one shorter (2.21 Å) and one longer (2.22 Å) Li–O bond lengths. There are a spread of Li–F bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.24 Å. In the eighth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to three O2- and three F1- atoms to form LiO3F3 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent LiO2F4 octahedra, corners with three VO5F octahedra, edges with three VO5F octahedra, and edges with five LiO3F3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–16°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.24–2.29 Å. There are one shorter (1.95 Å) and two longer (2.10 Å) Li–F bond lengths. In the ninth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to four O2- and two equivalent F1- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.84–2.66 Å. Both Li–F bond lengths are 2.21 Å. In the tenth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to three O2- and three F1- atoms to form LiO3F3 octahedra that share corners with three LiO4F2 octahedra, corners with three VO6 octahedra, edges with three VO6 octahedra, and edges with nine LiO3F3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–14°. There are one shorter (2.13 Å) and two longer (2.29 Å) Li–O bond lengths. There are two shorter (1.99 Å) and one longer (2.25 Å) Li–F bond lengths. There are five inequivalent V3+ sites. In the first V3+ site, V3+ is bonded to five O2- and one F1- atom to form VO5F octahedra that share corners with four LiO5F octahedra, an edgeedge with one LiO3F3 octahedra, and edges with six VO5F octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 5–16°. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.98–2.07 Å. The V–F bond length is 2.24 Å. In the second V3+ site, V3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with five LiO3F3 octahedra, edges with six LiO3F3 octahedra, and edges with six VO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 8–11°. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 2.02–2.10 Å. In the third V3+ site, V3+ is bonded to four O2- and two equivalent F1- atoms to form VO4F2 octahedra that share corners with three LiO3F3 octahedra, edges with five LiO3F3 octahedra, and edges with six VO5F octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–8°. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.00 Å. Both V–F bond lengths are 2.19 Å. In the fourth V3+ site, V3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with three LiO3F3 octahedra, edges with three LiO5F octahedra, and edges with six VO5F octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 11–12°. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 2.02–2.15 Å. In the fifth V3+ site, V3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with six LiO3F3 octahedra, edges with six LiO3F3 octahedra, and edges with six VO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–11°. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 2.00–2.10 Å. There are ten inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three Li1+ and three V3+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three V3+ atoms to form OLi3V3 octahedra that share corners with three OLi3V3 octahedra, corners with three FLi6 octahedra, edges with three FLi6 octahedra, and edges with nine OLi3V3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 1–10°. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three V3+ atoms to form OLi3V3 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent OLi3V3 octahedra, corners with two FLi6 octahedra, and edges with nine OLi3V3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–19°. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three V3+ atoms to form OLi3V3 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent FLi6 octahedra, corners with three OLi3V3 octahedra, an edgeedge with one FLi6 octahedra, and edges with eleven OLi3V3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 1–16°. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three V3+ atoms to form OLi3V3 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent OLi3V3 octahedra, corners with three FLi6 octahedra, edges with five FLi6 octahedra, and edges with seven OLi3V3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 1–10°. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three V3+ atoms to form OLi3V3 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one FLi6 octahedra, corners with five OLi6 octahedra, edges with two equivalent FLi6 octahedra, and edges with ten OLi3V3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–14°. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three V3+ atoms to form OLi3V3 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one OLi3V3 octahedra, corners with four FLi3V3 octahedra, edges with four FLi6 octahedra, and edges with six OLi3V3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 1–7°. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three V3+ atoms to form OLi3V3 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent FLi6 octahedra, corners with four OLi6 octahedra, edges with three FLi6 octahedra, and edges with nine OLi3V3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 1–9°. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three V3+ atoms to form distorted OLi3V3 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one FLi6 octahedra, corners with three OLi6 octahedra, edges with two equivalent FLi3V3 octahedra, and edges with seven OLi3V3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–22°. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded to six Li1+ atoms to form OLi6 octahedra that share corners with five OLi3V3 octahedra, edges with two equivalent FLi6 octahedra, and edges with eight OLi3V3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–17°. There are five inequivalent F1- sites. In the first F1- site, F1- is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six Li1+ atoms. In the second F1- site, F1- is bonded to six Li1+ atoms to form FLi6 octahedra that share corners with six OLi3V3 octahedra, edges with four FLi6 octahedra, and edges with eight OLi3V3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 1–19°. In the third F1- site, F1- is bonded to six Li1+ atoms to form FLi6 octahedra that share corners with four OLi3V3 octahedra, edges with three OLi3V3 octahedra, and edges with six FLi6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 10–22°. In the fourth F1- site, F1- is bonded to three Li1+ and three V3+ atoms to form FLi3V3 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one FLi6 octahedra, corners with three OLi3V3 octahedra, edges with four FLi6 octahedra, and edges with five OLi3V3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 2–6°. In the fifth F1- site, F1- is bonded to six Li1+ atoms to form FLi6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one FLi3V3 octahedra, corners with five OLi3V3 octahedra, edges with six OLi3V3 octahedra, and edges with six FLi6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–11°.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2022

WHONDRS Surface Water Dissolved Organic Carbon and FTICR-MS across Stream Orders in Four United States Watersheds in 2019 and 2020 (v3)

This dataset supports the broader Watershed Rules of Life (WROL) study examining spatial and temporal biogeochemical and microbial relationships across the Connecticut River, Deschutes River, Gunnison River, and Willamette River watersheds. The dataset provides geochemistry and organic matter characterization data generated from surface water collected from August 2019 to September 2020 in Colorado, Connecticut, Oregon, and Vermont. Related data were collected and will be published separately in collaboration with P. A. Raymond and B. C. Crump as part of WROL. This dataset is comprised of one folder containing (1) file-level metadata; (2) data dictionary; (3) readme; (4) field metadata; (5) dissolved organic carbon (DOC, measured as non-purgeable organic carbon, NPOC) data and averages; (6) surface water sampling protocol; (7) methods codes; (8) international generic sample number (IGSN) mapping file; and (9) a folder of high resolution characterization of organic matter via 12 Tesla Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) generated through the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL; https://www.pnnl.gov/environmental-molecular-sciences-laboratory). The FTICR folder contains two subfolders, one containing the .xml data files and the other containing instructions for using Formularity (https://omics.pnl.gov/software/formularity) and an R script to process the data based on the user's specific needs. All files are .csv, .pdf, .R, .ref, or .xml. This data package was originally published in October 2022. It was updated in July 2023 (v2) and again in November 2023 (v3). See the change history section in the readme for more details.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Delayed access to feed early post-hatch affects the development and maturation of gastrointestinal tract microbiota in broiler chickens

Background: The first two weeks of post-hatch (PH) growth in broilers (meat-type birds) are critical for gut development and microbiota colonization. In the current broiler production system, chicks may not receive feed and water for 24 to 72 h due to variations in hatching time and hatchery management. Post-hatch feed delay affects body weight, feed efficiency, mortality, and gut development. The goal of this study was to investigate changes in the microbiome in broiler chickens early PH and the effect of delayed access to feed on the microbiota. Results: Chicks either received feed and water immediately after hatch or access to feed was delayed for 48 h to mimic commercial hatchery settings (treatment, TRT). Both groups were sampled (n = 6) at -48, 0, 4 h, and 1 (24 h), 2 (48 h), 3 (72 h), 4 (96 h), 6 (144 h), 8 (192 h), 10 (240 h), 12 (288 h) and 14 (336 h) days PH. Ileal (IL) and cecal (CE) epithelial scrapings (mucosal bacteria, M) and digesta (luminal bacteria, L) were collected for microbiota analysis. Microbiota was determined by sequencing the V3-V4 region of bacterial 16S rRNA and analyzed using QIIME2. The microbiota of early ileal and cecal samples were characterized by high abundance of unclassified bacteria. Among four bacterial populations (IL-L, IL-M, CE-L, CE-M), IL-M was the least affected by delayed access to feed early PH. Both alpha and beta diversities were affected by delayed access to feed PH in IL-L, CE-M and CE-L. However, the development effect was more pronounced. In all four bacterial populations, significant changes due to developmental effect (time relative to hatch) was observed in taxonomic composition, with transient changes of bacterial taxa during the first two weeks PH. Delayed access to feed has limited influence on bacterial composition with only a few genera and species affected in all four bacterial populations. Predicted function based on 16S rRNA was also affected by delayed access to feed PH with most changes in metabolic pathway richness observed in IL-L, CE-L and CE-M. Conclusions: These results show transient changes in chicken microbiota biodiversity during the first two weeks PH and indicate that delayed access to feed affects microbiota development. Proper microbiota development could be an important factor in disease prevention and antibiotic use in broiler chickens. Moreover, significant differences in response to delayed access to feed PH between luminal and mucosal bacterial populations strongly suggests the need for separate analysis of these two populations.

16S↗
DOE OSTI2022

WHONDRS Surface Water and Sediment Non-Purgeable Organic Carbon and FTICR-MS across Glacial Features in Svalbard 2021 (v3)

This dataset supports a broader study examining land-atmosphere gas exchange associated with permafrost and glaciers in Svalbard. The dataset provides geochemistry and organic matter characterization data generated from surface water and sediment. Samples were collected from 8 spatially diverse sites across central Svalbard and also from a more comprehensive temporal and spatial study within one glacial catchment area throughout one summer melt season. Related data were collected and will be published separately in collaboration with Yde and Kleber.This data package was originally published in September 2022. It was updated in March 2023 (v2; new and modified files), and July 2025 (v3; modified files). See the change history section in the readme for details.For details on how to navigate data packages generated by this project, see https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/portals/PNNLRiverCorridorSFA/About. This dataset is comprised of one main data folder containing (1) file-level metadata; (2) data dictionary; (3) field metadata; (4) dissolved organic carbon (DOC; measure as non-purgeable organic carbon; NPOC); (5) surface water sampling protocol; (6) sediment extraction protocol; (7) readme; (8) methods codes; (9) international generic sample number (IGSN) mapping file; and (10) folder of high resolution characterization of organic matter via 7 and 12 Tesla (7T and 12T) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) generated through the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL; https://www.pnnl.gov/environmental-molecular-sciences-laboratory). The FTICR folder contains two subfolders containing the 7T and 12T .xml data files and another subfolder containing instructions for using Formularity (https://omics.pnl.gov/software/formularity) and an R script to process the data based on the user's specific needs. All files are .csv, .pdf, .R, .ref, or .xml.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2023

Geospatial Information, Metadata, and Maps for Global River Corridor Science Focus Area Sites (v5)

This dataset provides geospatial information, metadata, and maps for the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) River Corridor Science Focus Area (RC-SFA; https://www.pnnl.gov/projects/river-corridor) sites. The RC-SFA works to transform understanding of spatial and temporal dynamics in river corridor hydrobiogeochemical functions from molecular reaction to watershed and basin scales. The knowledge we gain is used to formulate and test hypotheses and to improve mechanistic representation of river corridor processes and their response to disturbances in multiscale models of integrated hydrobiogeochemical function. The data provided includes Site ID, latitude, longitude, stream name, and common ID (COMID) for sites used across the RC-SFA. The COMID can be used to find and download data from NHDPlus (https://www.epa.gov/waterdata/nhdplus-national-hydrography-dataset-plus) and other platforms. The sites included are non-exhaustive. Sites (including past sites) will be added to this data package in the future. Data generated from the RC SFA can be accessed at https://data.ess-dive.lbl.gov/portals/PNNLRiverCorridorSFA. This data package was originally published in April 2023. It was updated in June 2023 (v2; modified files), December 2023 (v3; modified files), January 2025 (v4; modified files), and December 2025 (v5; modified files). See the change history section in the readme for more details. This dataset is comprised of one main data folder. The data folder consists of (1) file-level metadata; (2) data dictionary; (3) readme; (4) methods codes; (5) geospatial information for all RC SFA sites including International Generic Sample Number (IGSN); (6) maps of all sites and sites in Washington State, USA; and (7) a subfolder with the shapefile of all sites. All files are .csv, .pdf, .shp, .cpg, .dbf, .prj, .qmd, or .shx. We thank the Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation for access to field locations where some data were collected in Washington state. We also thank the Yakama Nation Tribal Council and Yakama Nation Fisheries for working with us to facilitate sample collection and optimization of data usage according to their values and worldview.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Li4VCr3O8 by Materials Project

Li4VCr3O8 is alpha Po-derived structured and crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are five inequivalent Li1+ sites. In the first Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form LiO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent VO6 octahedra, corners with four CrO6 octahedra, an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra, edges with five CrO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 5–6°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.16–2.18 Å. In the second Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form LiO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one VO6 octahedra, corners with five CrO6 octahedra, edges with two equivalent VO6 octahedra, edges with four CrO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–6°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.16–2.19 Å. In the third Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form LiO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent VO6 octahedra, corners with four CrO6 octahedra, an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra, edges with five CrO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 5–6°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.16–2.19 Å. In the fourth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form LiO6 octahedra that share corners with six CrO6 octahedra, edges with two equivalent CrO6 octahedra, edges with four equivalent VO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–5°. There are four shorter (2.17 Å) and two longer (2.19 Å) Li–O bond lengths. In the fifth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form LiO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent VO6 octahedra, corners with four CrO6 octahedra, edges with six LiO6 octahedra, and edges with six CrO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 5–6°. There are four shorter (2.17 Å) and two longer (2.19 Å) Li–O bond lengths. V3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with six LiO6 octahedra, an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra, edges with five CrO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 5–6°. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 2.04–2.07 Å. There are three inequivalent Cr3+ sites. In the first Cr3+ site, Cr3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form CrO6 octahedra that share corners with six LiO6 octahedra, edges with two equivalent VO6 octahedra, edges with four CrO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 5–6°. There are three shorter (2.03 Å) and three longer (2.04 Å) Cr–O bond lengths. In the second Cr3+ site, Cr3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form CrO6 octahedra that share corners with six LiO6 octahedra, edges with two equivalent VO6 octahedra, edges with four CrO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–6°. There are five shorter (2.03 Å) and one longer (2.05 Å) Cr–O bond lengths. In the third Cr3+ site, Cr3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form CrO6 octahedra that share corners with six LiO6 octahedra, an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra, edges with five CrO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 5–6°. There are four shorter (2.03 Å) and two longer (2.04 Å) Cr–O bond lengths. There are eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+, one V3+, and two Cr3+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing OLi3VCr2 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–1°. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+, one V3+, and two Cr3+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing OLi3VCr2 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–1°. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three Cr3+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing OLi3Cr3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–1°. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+, one V3+, and two Cr3+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing OLi3VCr2 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–1°. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+, one V3+, and two equivalent Cr3+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing OLi3VCr2 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–1°. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three Cr3+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing OLi3Cr3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 0°. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+, two equivalent V3+, and one Cr3+ atom to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing OLi3V2Cr octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–1°. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+ and three Cr3+ atoms to form a mixture of edge and corner-sharing OLi3Cr3 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–1°.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2022

Organic matter concentration and composition of experimentally burned open air and muffle furnace vegetation chars across differing burn severity and feedstock types from Pacific Northwest, USA (v4).

This dataset represents results from an experimental study designed to compare how the chemical composition of organic matter changes across different burn conditions and feedstock materials. The dataset provides both solid and dissolved phase bulk concentration and organic matter characterization data from experimentally generated chars. Chars were created in a closed muffle furnace or on an open burn table from four different feedstock species representing vegetation commonly impacted by fire regimes across the Pacific Northwest, USA. This data can be used to compare how different burn conditions may influence resultant organic matter chemistry and help further our understanding of potential biogeochemical impacts on river corridors post-fire. This dataset is comprised of one data package readme, one data dictionary (dd), one file level metadata (flmd), fourteen burn table videos, burn table video metadata and three folders containing (A) data; (B) metadata and protocols; and (C) photos. The folder names and the file name of the data package readme include a version number which will be updated with future iterations of this data package. The data folder includes (1) solid carbon and solid nitrogen; (2) dissolved organic carbon (DOC, measured as non-purgeable organic carbon, NPOC) and total dissolved nitrogen (TN); (3) pH; (4) thermocouple time series temperature; (5) methods codes; (6) installation methods; (7) excitation emissions matrix (EEM) methods information; (8) a folder of excitation emissions matrix (EEM) fluorescence and absorbance spectra in dissolved organic matter and EEMs processing instructions; (9) solid state carbon-13 and solution state phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance (13-C NMR and 31-P NMR) data and methods; (10) benzene polycarboxylic acid (BPCA) concentration and stable isotope data; (11) FTICR-MS methods; (12) Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) data for total calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminum, potassium, phosphorus, sodium, and sulfur along with sodium hydroxide-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (sodium hydroxide-EDTA) extractable calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminum, potassium, phosphorus, and sulfur; (13) a folder of phosphorus, carbon, and nitrogen X-ray absorption near edge structure (P-XANES, N-XANES, C-XANES) data for samples and standards; (14) P-XANES, N-XANES, C-XANES methods; (15) molybdate reactive phosphorus; and (16) folder of high resolution characterization of organic matter via 21 Tesla Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) generated through the Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory (EMSL; https://www.pnnl.gov/environmental-molecular-sciences-laboratory). The FTICR folder contains .txt data files and a subfolder containing instruments for using Formularity (https://omics.pnl.gov/software/formularity) and an R script to process the data based on the user's specific needs. The metadata and protocols folder includes (1) international geo-sample number (IGSN) mapping file (2) burn and laboratory metadata; (3) burn protocol; (4) laboratory protocol; (5) vegetation collection metadata; and (6) vegetation collection protocol. The folder contains photos of the solid chars. All files are .csv, .txt, .pdf, .jpg, .jpeg, .R, .ref, or .mp4. The data package was originally published October 2022 (v1). It was updated April 2023 (v2; new data files), September 2023 (v3; new and corrected data files), and September 2024 (v4; new and added/updated files). Metadata files were also updated to reflect these changes. See the change history section in the readme for more details.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Li2VCrO4 by Materials Project

Li2VCrO4 is alpha Po-derived structured and crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are four inequivalent Li1+ sites. In the first Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form LiO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent CrO6 octahedra, corners with four equivalent VO6 octahedra, edges with two equivalent VO6 octahedra, edges with four equivalent CrO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 5–6°. There are two shorter (2.17 Å) and four longer (2.18 Å) Li–O bond lengths. In the second Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form LiO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent VO6 octahedra, corners with four equivalent CrO6 octahedra, edges with three VO6 octahedra, edges with three CrO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–6°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.13–2.25 Å. In the third Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form LiO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent VO6 octahedra, corners with four equivalent CrO6 octahedra, edges with two equivalent CrO6 octahedra, edges with four equivalent VO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 5–6°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.17–2.20 Å. In the fourth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form LiO6 octahedra that share corners with two equivalent CrO6 octahedra, corners with four equivalent VO6 octahedra, edges with three VO6 octahedra, edges with three CrO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 5–6°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.16–2.23 Å. There are two inequivalent V3+ sites. In the first V3+ site, V3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with six LiO6 octahedra, edges with two VO6 octahedra, edges with four CrO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 5–6°. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 2.05–2.07 Å. In the second V3+ site, V3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with six LiO6 octahedra, edges with two equivalent VO6 octahedra, edges with four CrO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 5–6°. There are four shorter (2.04 Å) and two longer (2.09 Å) V–O bond lengths. There are two inequivalent Cr3+ sites. In the first Cr3+ site, Cr3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form CrO6 octahedra that share corners with six LiO6 octahedra, edges with two equivalent CrO6 octahedra, edges with four VO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 5–6°. There are four shorter (2.03 Å) and two longer (2.05 Å) Cr–O bond lengths. In the second Cr3+ site, Cr3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form CrO6 octahedra that share corners with six LiO6 octahedra, edges with two CrO6 octahedra, edges with four VO6 octahedra, and edges with six LiO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 4–6°. There are a spread of Cr–O bond distances ranging from 2.03–2.05 Å. There are six inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+, one V3+, and two Cr3+ atoms to form OLi3VCr2 octahedra that share corners with six OLi3V2Cr octahedra and edges with twelve OLi3VCr2 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–2°. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+, one V3+, and two equivalent Cr3+ atoms to form OLi3VCr2 octahedra that share corners with six OLi3V2Cr octahedra and edges with twelve OLi3VCr2 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–1°. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+, two V3+, and one Cr3+ atom to form OLi3V2Cr octahedra that share corners with six OLi3V2Cr octahedra and edges with twelve OLi3VCr2 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–2°. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+, one V3+, and two Cr3+ atoms to form OLi3VCr2 octahedra that share corners with six OLi3V2Cr octahedra and edges with twelve OLi3VCr2 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–2°. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+, two equivalent V3+, and one Cr3+ atom to form OLi3V2Cr octahedra that share corners with six OLi3V2Cr octahedra and edges with twelve OLi3VCr2 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–2°. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded to three Li1+, two V3+, and one Cr3+ atom to form OLi3V2Cr octahedra that share corners with six OLi3V2Cr octahedra and edges with twelve OLi3VCr2 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 0–2°.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Li2V2P4H6O17 by Materials Project

Li2V2P4H6O17 crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are two inequivalent Li1+ sites. In the first Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.09–2.54 Å. In the second Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 2.04–2.58 Å. There are two inequivalent V3+ sites. In the first V3+ site, V3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.99–2.10 Å. In the second V3+ site, V3+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 2.00–2.08 Å. There are four inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 37–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.53–1.60 Å. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 38–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.54–1.60 Å. In the third P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 36–44°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.53–1.61 Å. In the fourth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 43°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.53–1.60 Å. There are six inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.04 Å) and one longer (1.48 Å) H–O bond length. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.01 Å) and one longer (1.67 Å) H–O bond length. In the third H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.02 Å) and one longer (1.60 Å) H–O bond length. In the fourth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a distorted linear geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.02 Å) and one longer (1.59 Å) H–O bond length. In the fifth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.98 Å. In the sixth H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.00 Å) and one longer (1.71 Å) H–O bond length. There are seventeen inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V3+, and one P5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one P5+, and one H1+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one V3+, one P5+, and one H1+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one V3+, one P5+, and one H1+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one P5+, and one H1+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one V3+, one P5+, and one H1+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one P5+ and two H1+ atoms. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one V3+ and one P5+ atom. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one P5+, and one H1+ atom. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one V3+, one P5+, and one H1+ atom. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one V3+ and one P5+ atom. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V3+, and one P5+ atom. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V3+, and one P5+ atom. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one V3+ and one P5+ atom. In the fifteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted tetrahedral geometry to two Li1+ and two H1+ atoms. In the sixteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V3+, and one P5+ atom. In the seventeenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one V3+ and one P5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2026

Pyrolysis Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry_Analysis_of_Natural_Variants_of_Poplulus_Trichocarpa_Leaves

Select leaves from natural variants of Poplar (Populus Trichocarpa) grown in a greenhouse at Oak Ridge National Laboratory were analyzed by Pyrolysis-Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry (Py-MBMS). Leaves were harvested, cryomilled and kept frozen until analysis. Py-MBMS analysis was conducted using approximately 4 mg of biomass and each sample was analyzed in duplicate. A Frontier PY2020 unit pyrolyzed samples at 500°C for 30 s in 80 µL deactivated stainless steel cups. An Extrel Super-Sonic MBMS Model Max 1000 was used to collect mass spectral data fromm/z30 to 450 at 17 eV and processed using Merlin Automation software (V3). Spectral ion intensities were normalized to the total ion chromatogram signal for each sample for analysis of spectral variance. Lignin content (wt %) was estimated based on relative responses from standards of known Klason lignin content using mean-normalized ion intensities ofm/z120, 124 (G), 137 (G), 138 (G), 150 (G), 152, 154 (S), 164 (G), 167 (S), 168 (S), 178 (G), 180, 181, 182 (S), 194 (S), 208 (S) and 210 (S) where G indicates guaiacyl-derived ions, S indicates syringyl-derived ions, and other ions either derive from other lignin monomers or multiple sources. Ratios of S and G lignin monomer units (S/G) were obtained by dividing the sum of S-based ions by the sum of G-based ions using mean-normalized ion intensities.

CBI↗
DOE OSTI2026

Pyrolysis_Molecular_Beam_Mass_Spectrometry_Analysis_of_Specific_Switchgrass_Genotypes

Select natural variant switchgrass genotypes grown in Tifton, GA were analyzed by Pyrolysis-Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry (Py-MBMS). Biomass was harvested, milled, several genotypes were analyzed with and without being destarched and extracted with ethanol prior to analysis (indicated with -DE if destarched and extracted). Py-MBMS analysis was conducted using approximately 4 mg of biomass and each sample was analyzed in duplicate. A Frontier PY2020 unit pyrolyzed samples at 500°C for 30 s in 80 µL deactivated stainless steel cups. An Extrel Super-Sonic MBMS Model Max 1000 was used to collect mass spectral data fromm/z30 to 450 at 17 eV and processed using Merlin Automation software (V3). Spectral ion intensities were normalized to the total ion chromatogram signal for each sample for analysis of spectral variance. Lignin content (wt %) was estimated based on relative responses from standards of known Klason lignin content using mean-normalized ion intensities ofm/z120, 124 (G), 137 (G), 138 (G), 150 (G), 152, 154 (S), 164 (G), 167 (S), 168 (S), 178 (G), 180, 181, 182 (S), 194 (S), 208 (S) and 210 (S) where G indicates guaiacyl-derived ions, S indicates syringyl-derived ions, and other ions either derive from other lignin monomers or multiple sources. Ratios of S and G lignin monomer units (S/G) were obtained by dividing the sum of S-based ions by the sum of G-based ions using mean-normalized ion intensities.

CBI↗
DOE OSTI2020

Correlations between azimuthal anisotropy Fourier harmonics in PbPb collisions at sNN =2.76 TeV in the HYDJET++ model and in the multiphase transport model

Correlations between azimuthal anisotropy Fourier harmonics vn (n=2,3,4) are studied using the events from PbPb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV generated by the HYDJET++ and multiphase transport (AMPT) models, and compared to the corresponding experimental results obtained by the ATLAS Collaboration. The Fourier harmonics vn are measured over a wide centrality range using the two-particle azimuthal correlation method. The slopes of the v2-v3 correlation from both models are in a good agreement with the ATLAS data. The HYDJET++ model predicts a stronger slope for the v2-v4 and v3-v4 correlations than the ones experimentally measured, while the results from the AMPT model are in a rather good agreement with the experimental results. In contrast to the HYDJET++ predictions, the AMPT model predicts a boomeranglike shape in the structure of the correlations as found in the experimental data. © 2020 American Physical Society.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2026

Pyrolysis_Molecular_Beam_Mass_Spectrometry_Analysis_of_hybrid_cross_of_Populus_tremula_x_P_alba_717-1B4_and_overexpression_of_a_lectin_receptor-like_kinase_(PtLecRLK1)

Stem tissues from the hybrid poplarPopulus tremula × P. albaclone 717-1B4 and from lectin receptor-like kinase overexpression lines PP7 and PP19 were individually colonized with the ectomycorrhizal fungiLaccaria bicolorstrain S238N,Hyaloscypha finlandicastrain PMI746, orUmbelopsis vinaceastrain PMI3018, as well as with a mixed fungal inoculum; non-inoculated plants served as controls. Plants were grown in a greenhouse at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and harvested in January 2025. Stem samples were analyzed using Pyrolysis–Molecular Beam Mass Spectrometry (Py-MBMS). Stems were harvested, debarked, dried, milled, destarched and ethanol extracted prior to analysis. Py-MBMS analysis was conducted using approximately 4 mg of wood from biomass and each sample was analyzed in duplicate. A Frontier PY2020 unit pyrolyzed samples at 500°C for 30 s in 80 µL deactivated stainless steel cups. An Extrel Super-Sonic MBMS Model Max 1000 was used to collect mass spectral data fromm/z30 to 450 at 17 eV and processed using Merlin Automation software (V3). Spectral ion intensities were normalized to the total ion chromatogram signal for each sample for analysis of spectral variance. Lignin content (wt %) was estimated based on relative responses from standards of known Klason lignin content using mean-normalized ion intensities ofm/z120, 124 (G), 137 (G), 138 (G), 150 (G), 152, 154 (S), 164 (G), 167 (S), 168 (S), 178 (G), 180, 181, 182 (S), 194 (S), 208 (S) and 210 (S) where G indicates guaiacyl-derived ions, S indicates syringyl-derived ions, and other ions either derive from other lignin monomers or multiple sources. Ratios of S and G lignin monomer units (S/G) were obtained by dividing the sum of S-based ions by the sum of G-based ions using mean-normalized ion intensities.

CBI↗
DOE OSTI2021

Analysis of the ARTIC Version 3 and Version 4 SARS-CoV-2 Primers and Their Impact on the Detection of the G142D Amino Acid Substitution in the Spike Protein

The ARTIC Network provides a common resource of PCR primer sequences and recommendations for amplifying SARS-CoV-2 genomes. The initial tiling strategy was developed with the reference genome Wuhan-01, and subsequent iterations have addressed areas of low amplification and sequence drop out. Recently, a new version (V4) was released, based on new variant genome sequences, in response to the realization that some V3 primers were located in regions with key mutations. Herein, we compare the performance of the ARTIC V3 and V4 primer sets with a matched set of 663 SARS-CoV-2 clinical samples sequenced with an Illumina NovaSeq 6000 instrument. We observe general improvements in sequencing depth and quality, and improved resolution of the SNP causing the D950N variation in the spike protein. Importantly, we also find nearly universal presence of spike protein substitution G142D in Delta-lineage samples. Due to the prior release and widespread use of the ARTIC V3 primers during the initial surge of the Delta variant, it is likely that the G142D amino acid substitution is substantially underrepresented among early Delta variant genomes deposited in public repositories. In addition to the improved performance of the ARTIC V4 primer set, this study also illustrates the importance of the primer scheme in downstream analyses.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on V3(HO4)2 by Materials Project

H2V3O8 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are three inequivalent V+4.67+ sites. In the first V+4.67+ site, V+4.67+ is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.62–2.39 Å. In the second V+4.67+ site, V+4.67+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.73–2.25 Å. In the third V+4.67+ site, V+4.67+ is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five O2- atoms. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.60–1.98 Å. There are two inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a linear geometry to two O2- atoms. There is one shorter (1.06 Å) and one longer (1.48 Å) H–O bond length. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.98 Å. There are eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to three V+4.67+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.67+ and one H1+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one V+4.67+ and two H1+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted T-shaped geometry to three equivalent V+4.67+ atoms. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one V+4.67+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four V+4.67+ atoms. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one V+4.67+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three V+4.67+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on V3(HO4)2 by Materials Project

H2V3O8 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pna2_1 space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two H2V3O8 sheets oriented in the (0, 0, 1) direction. there are three inequivalent V+4.67+ sites. In the first V+4.67+ site, V+4.67+ is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.62–2.49 Å. In the second V+4.67+ site, V+4.67+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.76–2.31 Å. In the third V+4.67+ site, V+4.67+ is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five O2- atoms. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.61–2.00 Å. There are two inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.98 Å. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.99 Å. There are eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to three V+4.67+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.67+ and one H1+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to one V+4.67+ and one H1+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three equivalent V+4.67+ atoms. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one V+4.67+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four V+4.67+ atoms. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one V+4.67+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three V+4.67+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on V3(HO4)2 by Materials Project

H2V3O8 crystallizes in the monoclinic P2_1/c space group. The structure is two-dimensional and consists of two H2V3O8 sheets oriented in the (0, 1, 0) direction. there are three inequivalent V+4.67+ sites. In the first V+4.67+ site, V+4.67+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.63–2.36 Å. In the second V+4.67+ site, V+4.67+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.64–2.24 Å. In the third V+4.67+ site, V+4.67+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form a mixture of distorted edge and corner-sharing VO5 trigonal bipyramids. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.74–1.95 Å. There are two inequivalent H1+ sites. In the first H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.99 Å. In the second H1+ site, H1+ is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one O2- atom. The H–O bond length is 0.98 Å. There are eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to three V+4.67+ atoms. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one V+4.67+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.67+ and one H1+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three equivalent V+4.67+ atoms. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V+4.67+ and one H1+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four V+4.67+ atoms. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one V+4.67+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to three V+4.67+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗