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At least 217 records · Page 12

Modulating Electronic Structure of Atomically Dispersed Nickel Sites through Boron and Nitrogen Dual Coordination Boosts Oxygen Reduction

Abstract Atomically dispersed 3D transitional metal active sites with nitrogen coordination anchored on carbon support have emerged as a kind of promising electrocatalyst toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in the field of fuel cells and metal–air cells. However, it is still a challenge to accurately modulate the coordination structure of single‐atom metal sites, especially first‐shell coordination, as well as identify the relationship between the geometric/electronic structure and ORR performance. Herein, a carbon‐supported single‐atom nickel catalyst is fabricated with boron and nitrogen dual coordination (denoted as Ni‐B/N‐C). The hard X‐ray absorption spectrum result reveals that atomically dispersed Ni active sites are coordinated with one B atom and three N atoms in the first shell (denoted as Ni‐B 1 N 3 ). The Ni‐B/N‐C catalyst exhibits a half‐wave potential ( E 1/2 ) of 0.87 V versus RHE, along with a distinguished long‐term durability in alkaline media, which is superior to commercial Pt/C. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the Ni‐B 1 N 3 active sites are more favorable for the adsorption of ORR intermediates relative to Ni‐N 4 , leading to the reduction of thermodynamic barrier and the acceleration of reaction kinetics, which accounts for the increased intrinsic activity.

Chemistry↗

Boosting Hydrogen Evolution in Neutral Medium by Accelerating Water Dissociation with Ru Clusters Loaded on Mo 2 CTx MXene

Abstract Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in mild neutral medium is a compelling goal for environmentally sustainable energy conversion, but its development is greatly limited by slow kinetics. Platinum group noble metals exhibit ultra‐high HER activities, but their scarcity and performance instability restrict wide application. Herein, taking advantage of excellent catalyst carrier properties of 2D‐layered transition metal carbides (MXenes), highly dispersed of Ru clusters anchored on Mo 2 CT x MXene are demonstrated as a superior HER electrocatalyst, which is prepared by a facile in situ reduction strategy. The as‐prepared Ru/Mo 2 CT x catalyst exhibits a very low overpotential of 73 mV to achieve a current density of −10 mA cm −2 and Tafel slope of 57 mV dec −1 in neutral medium, surpassing performance of most previously reported MXene‐based catalysts. In addition, Ru/Mo 2 CT x catalyst also presents superior stability compared to commercial Pt/C. Experimental results and theoretical calculations indicate that the interaction between Ru clusters modulates the electronic structure of active sites and promotes H 2 O dissociation and hydrogen desorption.

Wu, Yanze↗

Fe-N 4 O-C Nanoplates Covalently Bonding on Graphene for Efficient CO 2 Electroreduction and Zn-CO 2 Batteries

Electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) reduction into value-added products holds great promise in moving toward carbon neutrality but remains a grand challenge due to lack of efficient electrocatalysts. Herein, the nucleophilic substitution reaction is elaborately harnessed to synthesize carbon nanoplates with a Fe-N 4 O configuration anchored onto graphene substrate (Fe-N 4 O-C/Gr) through covalent linkages. Density functional theory calculations demonstrate the unique configuration of Fe-N 4 O with one oxygen (O) atom in the axial direction not only suppresses the competing hydrogen evolution reaction, but also facilitates the desorption of *CO intermediate compared with the commonly planar single-atomic Fe sites. The Fe-N 4 O-C/Gr shows excellent performance in the electroreduction of CO 2 into carbon monoxide (CO) with an impressive Faradaic efficiency of 98.3% at -0.7 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and a high turnover frequency of 3511 h -1 . Furthermore, as a cathode catalyst in an aqueous zinc (Zn)-CO 2 battery, the Fe-N 4 O-C/Gr achieves a high CO Faradaic efficiency (≈91%) at a discharge current density of 3 mA cm -2 and long-term stability over 74 h. Here this work opens up a new route to simultaneously modulate the geometric and electronic structure of single-atomic catalysts toward efficient CO 2 conversion.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗

High–Performance NiCo 2 O 4 /Graphene Quantum Dots for Asymmetric and Symmetric Supercapacitors with Enhanced Energy Efficiency

For the sustainable growth of future generations, energy storage technologies like supercapacitors and batteries are becoming more and more common. However, reliable and high-performance materials’ design and development is the key for the widespread adoption of batteries and supercapacitors. Quantum dots with fascinating and unusual properties are expected to revolutionize future technologies. However, while the recent discovery of quantum dots honored with a Nobel prize in Chemistry, their benefits for the tenacious problem of energy are not realized yet. In this context, herein, chemical-composition tuning enabled exceptional performance of NiCo 2 O 4 (NCO)/graphene quantum dots (GQDs) is reported, which outperform the existing similar materials, in supercapacitors. A comprehensive study is performed on the synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical performance evaluation of highly functional NCO/GQDs in supercapacitors delivering enhanced energy efficiency. The high-performance, functional NCO/GQDs electrode materials are synthesized by the incorporation of GQDs into NCO. The effect of variable amount of GQDs on the energy performance characteristics of NCO/GQDs in supercapacitors is studied systematically. In-depth structural and chemical bonding analyses using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopic studies indicate that all the NCO/GQDs composites crystallize in the spinel cubic phase of NiCo 2 O 4 while graphene integration evident in all the NCO/GQDs. The scanning electron microscopy imaging analysis reveals homogeneously distributed spherical particles with a size distribution of 5–9 nm validating the formation of QDs. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analyses reveal that the NCOQDs are anchored on graphene sheets, which provide a high surface area of 42.27 m 2 g –1 and high mesoporosity for the composition of NCO/GQDs-10%. In addition to establishing reliable electrical connection to graphene sheets, the NCOQDs provide reliable 3D-conductive channels for rapid transport throughout the electrode as well as synergistic effects. Chemical-composition tuning, and optimization yields NCO/GQDs-10% to deliver the best specific capacitance of 3940 Fg –1 at 0.5 Ag –1 , where the electrodes retain ≈98% capacitance after 5000 cycles. The NCO/GQD-10%//AC asymmetric supercapacitor device demonstrates outstanding energy density and power density values of 118.04 Wh kg –1 and 798.76 W kg –1 , respectively. The NCO/GQDs-10%//NCO/GQDs-10% symmetric supercapacitor device delivers excellent energy and power density of 24.30 Wh kg –1 and 500 W kg –1 , respectively. These results demonstrate and conclude that NCO/GQDs are exceptional and prospective candidates for developing next-generation high-performance and sustainable energy storage devices.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗

N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Functionalization of 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides via a Frustrated Lewis Pair Strategy

Molecular functionalization of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), which unites tailorability of organic molecules and robustness of inorganic solids, is important for tuning their surface properties. While it is common to leverage the electronic effect of organic ligands to functionalize TMDs, the corresponding steric hinderance has remained elusive and underexplored. Herein N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) functionalization of WS 2 is demonstrated via a frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) route, which exploits both the electronic and steric effect for TMD functionalization. The Lewis base, 1,3‐bis(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)imidazol‐2‐ylidene (IMes), is anchored to the sulfur vacancy sites (Lewis acid) of the WS 2 nanostructures with the hybrid‐interface‐mediated steric hinderance, mimicking the FLP chemistry and enabling dihydrogen cleavage at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) results reveal the local chemical environment of the activated hydrogen species, which can be transferred for room‐temperature hydrogenation reactions. Finally, the insights are useful for designing weak, non‐covalent bonds to modify the 2D surface of TMDs for a broad scope of applications.

2D materials↗

Stable Cuprous Hydroxide Nanostructures by Organic Ligand Functionalization

Abstract Copper compounds have been extensively investigated for diverse applications. However, studies of cuprous hydroxide (CuOH) have been scarce due to structural metastability. Herein, a facile, wet‐chemistry procedure is reported for the preparation of stable CuOH nanostructures via deliberate functionalization with select organic ligands, such as acetylene and mercapto derivatives. The resulting nanostructures are found to exhibit a nanoribbon morphology consisting of small nanocrystals embedded within a largely amorphous nanosheet‐like scaffold. The acetylene derivatives are found to anchor onto the CuOH forming CuC linkages, whereas CuS interfacial bonds are formed with the mercapto ligands. Effective electronic coupling occurs at the ligand‐core interface in the former, in contrast to mostly non‐conjugated interfacial bonds in the latter, as manifested in spectroscopic measurements and confirmed in theoretical studies based on first principles calculations. Notably, the acetylene‐capped CuOH nanostructures exhibit markedly enhanced photodynamic activity in the inhibition of bacteria growth, as compared to the mercapto‐capped counterparts due to a reduced material bandgap and effective photocatalytic generation of reactive oxygen species. Results from this study demonstrate that deliberate structural engineering with select organic ligands is an effective strategy in the stabilization and functionalization of CuOH nanostructures, a critical first step in exploring their diverse applications.

Liu, Qiming↗

Strong‐Yet‐Ductile Eutectic Alloys Employing Cocoon‐Like Nanometer‐Sized Dislocation Cells

Abstract Eutectic alloys (EAs) with superior fluidity are known to be the easiest to cast into high‐quality ingots, making them the alloys of choice for making large‐sized structural parts. However, conventional EAs (CEAs) have never reached strength–ductility combinations on par with the best in other alloy categories. Via thermomechanical processing of cast Ni‐32.88wt%Fe‐9.53wt%Al CEAs, a cocoon‐like nano‐meshed (as fine as 26 nm) network of dislocations (CNN‐D) is produced via recovery annealing, through the rearrangement of cold‐work‐accumulated dislocations anchored by dense pre‐existing nanoprecipitates. In lieu of traditional plasticity mechanisms, such as TWIP and TRIP, the CNN‐D is particularly effective in eutectic lamellae with alternating phases, as it instigates nanometer‐spaced planar slip bands that not only dynamically refine the microstructure but also transmit from the FCC (face‐centered‐cubic) layers into the otherwise brittle B2 layers. These additional mechanisms for strengthening and strain hardening sustain stable tensile flow, resulting in a striking elevation of both strength and ductility to outrank not only all previous CEAs, but also the state of the art—additively manufactured eutectic high‐entropy alloys. The CNN‐D thus adds a novel microstructural strategy for performance enhancement, especially for compositionally complex alloys that increasingly make use of nanoprecipitates or local chemical order.

Chemistry↗

Electrostatically Enhanced Buried Interface Binding of Self‐Assembled Monolayers for Efficient And Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

Inverted p‐i‐n structure perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have outperformed traditional n‐i‐p PSCs in recent years. A key advancement is the use of self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) as hole transport layers. One class of widely used SAMs is carbazole‐based phosphonic acids. However, it is found that these SAMs lack strong binding with transparent conducting oxides (TCO) and perovskite. The weak binding strength results in suboptimal interfacial adhesion of the buried interface, which limits the device's stability. Here, interfacial binding is enhanced by increasing the dipole moment that creates a strong interfacial electric field that enhances electrostatic interactions at the TCO/perovskite interface, while incorporating tailored functional groups in SAMs to improve chemical anchoring to TCO and binding to perovskite. Specifically, the donor‐acceptor SAM molecule 4‐(7‐(4‐(bis(4‐methoxyphenyl)amino)‐2,5‐difluorophenyl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazol‐4‐yl)benzoic acid (PAFTB) is employed, which features an enhanced dipole moment along with electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing functional groups to optimize interfacial interactions. Compared to extensively used [2‐(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid (2PACz), PAFTB enhances total interfacial adhesion by 2.8 times, thereby improving the thermal stability of the layer. Using this approach, PSCs are demonstrated with a certified quasi‐steady‐state power conversion efficiency of 24.9% and maintain 80% of the initial efficiency after 900 h of maximum power point tracking at 85 °C.

Interfacial adhesion↗

Edge‐Driven Fringe‐Field Effects, Reduced Screening, and Bandgap Widening in Graphene Nanoribbons Enable Single‑Molecule Sensitivity

Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) offer promising platforms for single‐molecule sensing due to their quasi‐1D channels and discrete electronic states, providing superior sensitivity toward molecular perturbations. While prior studies emphasize smoother edges as essential for optimal performance, the potential benefits of controlled edge roughness remain largely unexplored. Additionally, most investigations focus on GNR arrays, leaving critical edge‐ and width‐dependent factors, including fringe fields, bandgap widening, interactions between adsorbing molecules and GNR atoms, density of states (DOS) suppression, and electrostatic screening lengths, and their collective impact on sensitivity, poorly understood. Here, in this work, we fabricated field‐effect transistors using individual GNRs (widths: 200–20 nm) and characterized their response to molecular adsorption with perfluorooctanoic acid as the model analyte. Narrower ribbons displayed significantly enhanced sensitivity, yielding a coverage‐normalized response of 116 ± 10 mV per molecule in 20 nm‐wide GNRs (from calibrated ensemble Dirac‐point shifts). Experimental and theoretical analyses reveal that this heightened sensitivity arises from stronger fringe fields, width‐dependent quantum confinement effects, reduced DOS, and increased edge roughness that facilitates molecular anchoring, enhanced orbital overlap, and improved charge transfer efficiency. Our findings challenge the conventional assumption that smoother edges inherently enhance sensor performance, demonstrating that controlled edge disorder substantially boosts molecular sensitivity in GNR sensors.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Adsorption-Engineered Hydrocarbon Ionomers for Durable Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Reducing reliance on perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells requires hydrocarbon ionomers that combine high performance with long-term durability, a persistent challenge in catalyst-layer design. Here, we identify oxidation-driven ionomer-catalyst interfacial degradation as a dominant failure pathway in hydrocarbon ionomer-bonded cathodes and introduce an adsorption-engineering strategy to overcome this limitation. The comparison of a commercial sulfonated poly(phenylene) (Pemion) with structurally engineered sulfonated poly(fluorene)s demonstrated that electrode durability is governed by the interplay between ionomer adsorption strength and resistance to oxidative degradation on carbon-supported Pt catalysts. A poly(fluorene) ionomer with mobile alkyl sulfonic acid groups forms resilient interfaces, delivering 1.28 A cm−2 at 0.65 V under fully humidified H2/air conditions (80°C and 150 kPaabs), comparable to Pemion. After 90,000 accelerated potential cycles, the poly(fluorene)-bonded cathode exhibits significantly improved durability, with only 29% performance loss compared to 58% for Pemion; further molecular refinement reduces the loss to 17%, approaching that of Nafion-bonded cathodes (14%). These findings establish adsorption-engineered ionomer design that decouples interfacial anchoring from oxidative degradation as a general strategy for achieving durable, high-performance PFAS-free PEM fuel cell electrodes.

08 HYDROGEN↗

Dynamic Motions of Topological Defects in Nematic Liquid Crystals under Spatial Confinement

Abstract Topological defects (TDs) have become a sensational topic due to their significant influence on the unusual optical and physiochemical characteristics of the material. To facilitate their application across a wide range of disciplines it is desirable to analyze and gain fundamental understanding of TDs in both equilibrium and nonequilibrium systems. Liquid crystals (LCs) are considered an ideal system for study given the direct visualization of TDs and a straightforward analyzation process. In addition to the equilibrium morphology of LC TDs, it is also of great interest to track and control the formation and annihilation of defects during thermodynamic processes. However, controlling the dynamic behavior of formed defects remains a challenge. Here, nematic LCs confined in a cell exhibiting surfaces with periodic anchoring conditions containing surface topography are relied on. The effects of patterned surface characteristics such as width, periodicity, and degree of curvature on defects dynamic motion, stabilization, and annihilation are explored. The computational experiments recapitulate the TDs transition path and provide free energy‐based predictions of critical distances for defect annihilation. Taken together, this simple approach offers a promising opportunity to control the dynamics of TDs in LCs through chemical patterned surfaces with topography.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Facile Fabrication of Self‐Assembly Functionalized Polythiophene Hole Transporting Layer for High Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Abstract Crystallinity and crystal orientation have a predominant impact on a materials’ semiconducting properties, thus it is essential to manipulate the microstructure arrangements for desired semiconducting device performance. Here, ultra‐uniform hole‐transporting material (HTM) by self‐assembling COOH‐functionalized P3HT (P3HT‐COOH) is fabricated, on which near single crystal quality perovskite thin film can be grown. In particular, the self‐assembly approach facilitates the P3HT‐COOH molecules to form an ordered and homogeneous monolayer on top of the indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode facilitate the perovskite crystalline film growth with high quality and preferred orientations. After detailed spectroscopy and device characterizations, it is found that the carboxylic acid anchoring groups can down‐shift the work function and passivate the ITO surface, retarding the interface carrier recombination. As a result, the device made with the self‐assembled HTM show high open‐circuit voltage over 1.10 V and extend the lifetime over 4,300 h when storing at 30% relative humidity. Moreover, the cell works efficiently under much reduced light power, making it useful as power source under dim‐light conditions. The demonstration suggests a new facile way of fabricating monolayer HTM for high efficiency perovskite devices, as well as the interconnecting layer needed for tandem cell.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗

Hierarchical Polyelemental Nanoparticles as Bifunctional Catalysts for Oxygen Evolution and Reduction Reactions

Efficient electrocatalysts are critical in various clean energy conversion and storage systems. Polyelemental nanomaterials are attractive as multi-functional catalysts due to their wide compositions and synergistic properties. However, controlled synthesis of polyelemental nanomaterials is difficult due to their complex composition. Herein, we present a one-step synthetic strategy to fabricate a hierarchical polyelemental nanomaterial, which contains ultrasmall precious metal nanoparticles (IrPt, ~5 nm) anchored on spinel-structure transition metal oxide nanoparticles. The polyelemental nanoparticles serve as excellent bifunctional catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The mass catalytic activity of the polyelemental nanoparticles is 7-times higher than that of Pt in ORR and 28-times that of Ir in OER at the same overpotentials, demonstrating the high activity of the bifunctional electrocatalyst. We attribute this outstanding performance to the controlled multiple elemental composition, mixed chemical states, and large electroactive surface area. The hierarchical nanostructure and polyelemental design of these nanoparticles offers a general and powerful alternative material for catalysis, solar cells, and more.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗

Porous FeCo Glassy Alloy as Bifunctional Support for High-Performance Zn-Air Battery

Zn-air battery (ZAB) is attracting increasing attention due to its high safety and performance. However, the practical application of ZAB relies heavily on developing durable support materials to replace conventional carbon supports which have unrecoverable corrosion issues, severely jeopardizing ZAB performance. Herein, a novel porous FeCo glassy alloy was developed as bifunctional catalytic support for ZAB. Specifically, the conducting skeleton of the porous glassy alloy was used to stabilize oxygen reduction cocatalysts, and more importantly, the FeCo served as the primary phase for oxygen evolution. To prove the concept of catalytic glassy alloy support, ultra-small Pd nanoparticles were anchored, as oxygen reduction active sites, on the porous FeCo (noted as Pd/FeCo) for ZAB. The Pd/FeCo exhibited a significantly improved electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction (a half-wave potential of 0.85 V) and oxygen evolution (a potential of 1.55 V to reach 10 mA cm –2 ) in the alkaline media. When used in the ZAB, the Pd/FeCo delivered an output power density of 117 mW cm –2 and outstanding cycling stability for over 200 h (400 cycles), surpassing the conventional carbon-supported Pt/C+IrO 2 catalysts. Such an integrated design of combining highly active components with porous architecture provides a new strategy to develop novel nanostructured electrocatalysts.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

Single Ru Atoms Stabilized by Hybrid Amorphous/Crystalline FeCoNi Layered Double Hydroxide for Ultraefficient Oxygen Evolution

Abstract In view of the sluggish kinetics suppressing the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), developing efficient and robust OER catalysts is urgent and essential for developing efficient energy conversion technologies. Herein, hybrid amorphous/crystalline FeCoNi layered double hydroxide (LDH)‐supported single Ru atoms (Ru SAs/AC‐FeCoNi) are developed for enabling a highly efficient electrocatalytic OER. The amorphous outer layer in Ru SAs/AC‐FeCoNi is composed of abundant defect sites and unsaturated coordination sites, which can serve as anchoring sites to stabilize single Ru atoms. The crystalline inner has a highly symmetric rigid structure, thereby strengthening the stability of support for a long‐lasting OER. The synergistic effects endow this hybrid catalyst with extremely low overpotential (205 mV at 10 mA cm −2 ). Density functional theory calculation indicates that single Ru atoms stabilized by hybrid amorphous/crystalline FeCoNi LDH facilitate the formation of Ru–O* (rate‐determining step), thus accelerating the OER process.

Hu, Yidong↗

Modification of the Coordination Environment of Active Sites on MoC for High-Efficiency CH 4 Production

Modulating the coordination environment of active sites on catalyst surfaces is crucial to developing effective catalysts and controlling catalysis, but it is highly challenging. Guided by our first-principles calculations, we experimentally accomplish the modification of the coordination environment of active sites on MoC nanoparticle surfaces by anchoring pyridinic N atom rings of holey graphene on Mo atoms. The rings produce electrostatic forces that enable the tuning of the Mo sites' affinity to reaction intermediates, which passivates Mo hollow sites, activates Mo top sites and reduces the over-adsorption of OH on the Mo active sites, as predicted by the calculations. The atomic-level modification is well confirmed by atomic-resolution imaging, high-resolution electron tomography, synchrotron soft X-ray spectroscopy and operando electrochemical infrared spectroscopy. Consequently, the Faradaic efficiency for CO 2 reduction to CH 4 is enhanced from 16% to 89%, a record high efficiency so far, in aqueous electrolyte. Meantime, it also exhibits a negligible activity loss over 50 h.

77 NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY↗

Nickel‐Based Single‐Molecule Catalysts with Synergistic Geometric Transition and Magnetic Field‐Assisted Spin Selection Outperform RuO 2 for Oxygen Evolution

Overcoming slow kinetics and high overpotential in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) requires innovative catalysts and approaches that transcend the scaling relationship between binding energies for intermediates and catalyst surfaces. Inorganic complexes provide unique, customizable geometries, which can help enhance their efficiencies. However, they are unstable and susceptible to chemical reaction under extreme pH conditions. Immobilizing complexes on substrates creates single‐molecule catalysts (SMCs) with functional similarities to single‐atom catalysts (SACs). Here, in this work, an efficient SMC, composed of dichloro(1,3‐bis(diphenylphosphino)propane) nickel [NiCl 2 dppp] anchored to a graphene acid (GA), is presented. This SMC surpasses ruthenium‐based OER benchmarks, exhibiting an ultra‐low onset and overpotential at 10 mAcm −2 when exposed to a static magnetic field. Comprehensive experimental and theoretical analyses imply that an interfacial charge transfer from the Ni center in NiCl 2 dppp to GA enhances the OER activity. Spectroscopic investigations reveal an in situ geometrical transformation of the complex and the formation of a paramagnetic Ni center, which under a magnetic field, enables spin‐selective electron transfer, resulting in enhanced OER performance. The results highlight the significance of in situ geometric transformations in SMCs and underline the potential of an external magnetic field to enhance OER performance at a single‐molecule level.

in situ geometrical changes↗

A Green, Fire–Retarding Ether Solvent for Sustainable High–Voltage Li–Ion Batteries at Standard Salt Concentration

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are increasingly encouraged to enhance their environmental friendliness and safety while maintaining optimal energy density and cost-effectiveness. Although various electrolytes using greener and safer glyme solvents have been reported, the low charge voltage (usually lower than 4.0 V vs Li/Li + ) restricts the energy density of LIBs. Herein, tetraglyme, a less-toxic, non-volatile, and non-flammable ether solvent, is exploited to build safer and greener LIBs. It is demonstrated that ether electrolytes, at a standard salt concentration (1 m), can be reversibly cycled to 4.5 V vs Li/Li + . Anchored with Boron-rich cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) and mitigated current collector corrosion, the LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2 (NMC811) cathode delivers competitive cyclability versus commercial carbonate electrolytes when charged to 4.5 V. Synchrotron spectroscopic and imaging analyses show that the tetraglyme electrolyte can sufficiently suppress the overcharge behavior associated with the high-voltage electrolyte decomposition, which is advantageous over previously reported glyme electrolytes. The new electrolyte also enables minimal transition metal dissolution and deposition. NMC811||hard carbon full cell delivers excellent cycling stability at C/3 with a high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.77%. In conclusion, this work reports an oxidation-resilient tetraglyme electrolyte with record-high 4.5 V stability and enlightens further applications of glyme solvents for sustainable LIBs by designing Boron-rich interphases.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗