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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 217 records · Page 12
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1993

Radiative temperature measurements at Kupaianaha lava lake, Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii

The radiative temperature of the surface of Kupaianaha lava lake is computed using field spectroradiometer data. Observations were made during periods of active overturning. The lake surface exhibits three stages of activity. Magma fountaining and overturning events characterize stage 1, which exhibits the hottest crustal temperatures and the largest fractional hot areas. Rifting events between plates of crust mark stage 2; crustal temperatures in this stage are between 100 C and 340 C, and fractional hot areas are at least an order of magnitude smaller than those in stage 1. Stage 3 is characterized by quiescent periods when the lake is covered by a thick crust. This stage dominates the activity of the lake more than 90 percent of the time. The results of this study are relevant for satellite and airborne measurement of the thermal characteristics of active volcanoes, and indicate that the thermal output of a lava lake varies on a time scale of seconds to minutes.

Flynn, Luke P.↗
NASA NTRS2011

Airborne Polarimetric, Two-Color Laser Altimeter Measurements of Lake Ice Cover: A Pathfinder for NASA's ICESat-2 Spaceflight Mission

The ICESat-2 mission will continue NASA's spaceflight laser altimeter measurements of ice sheets, sea ice and vegetation using a new measurement approach: micropulse, single photon ranging at 532 nm. Differential penetration of green laser energy into snow, ice and water could introduce errors in sea ice freeboard determination used for estimation of ice thickness. Laser pulse scattering from these surface types, and resulting range biasing due to pulse broadening, is assessed using SIMPL airborne data acquired over icecovered Lake Erie. SIMPL acquires polarimetric lidar measurements at 1064 and 532 nm using the micropulse, single photon ranging measurement approach.

Harding, David↗
NASA NTRS2005

Titan's Elusive Lakes? Properties and Context of Dark Spots in Cassini TA Radar Data

Titan's atmospheric methane abundance suggests the likelihood of a surface reservoir of methane and a surface sink for its photochemical products, which might also be predominantly liquid. Although large expanses of obvious hydrocarbon seas have not been unambiguously observed, a number of rather radar-dark spots up to approximately 30 km across are observed in the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data acquired during the Cassini TA encounter on October 26th 2004. Here we review the properties and setting of these dark spots to explore whether these may be hydrocarbon lakes.

Lorenz, R. D.↗
DOE OSTI2025

AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F US-KPL Lily Lake Fen

This is the AmeriFlux Management Project (AMP) created FLUXNET-1F version of the carbon flux data for the site US-KPL Lily Lake Fen. This is the FLUXNET version of the carbon flux data for the site US-KPL Lily Lake Fen produced by applying the standard ONEFlux (1F) software. Site Description - fen

Sullivan, Patrick [University of Alaska Anchorage]↗
DOE OSTI2025

AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F CA-EM2 Shoal Lake Manitoba

This is the AmeriFlux Management Project (AMP) created FLUXNET-1F version of the carbon flux data for the site CA-EM2 Shoal Lake Manitoba. This is the FLUXNET version of the carbon flux data for the site CA-EM2 Shoal Lake Manitoba produced by applying the standard ONEFlux (1F) software. Site Description - This tower is located in a freshwater marsh embedded in rangeland/perennial cover in southwestern Manitoba. The wetland is 20.3 ha in size. The wetland vegetation is dominated bulrush with only small pockets of open-water. The surrounding uplands consist of native and tame grasses that are periodically grazed by cattle.

Badiou, Pascal [Institute for Wetland and Waterfow↗
DOE OSTI2026

AmeriFlux FLUXNET-1F CA-KLP Kinoje Lake Peatland

This is the AmeriFlux Management Project (AMP) created FLUXNET-1F version of the carbon flux data for the site CA-KLP Kinoje Lake Peatland. This is the FLUXNET version of the carbon flux data for the site CA-KLP Kinoje Lake Peatland produced by applying the standard ONEFlux (1F) software. Site Description - Ontario Ministry of Environment and Climate Change's Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Branch has established five carbon flux monitoring towers in Ontario’s Far North as part of its Climate Change Modelling and Monitoring program. These long term monitoring stations measure carbon exchange and a suite of soil and meteorological parameters over peatland ecosystems to better understand carbon cycling in Ontario’s Far North. Information produced by these monitoring stations will assist the province in land use planning and the development of climate change adaptation strategies.

Humphreys, Elyn [Carleton University]↗
NASA NTRS2019

Deriving High-Resolution Reservoir Bathymetry from ICESat-2 Prototype Photon-Counting Lidar and Landsat Imagery

Knowledge of reservoir bathymetry is essential for many studies on terrestrial hydrological and biogeochemical processes. However, there are currently no cost-effective approaches to derive reservoir bathymetry at the global scale. This study explores the potential of generating high-resolution global bathymetry using elevation data collected by the 532-nm Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS) onboard the Ice, Cloud, and Land Elevation Satellite (ICESat-2). The novel algorithm was developed and tested using the ICESat-2 airborne prototype, the Multiple Altimeter Beam Experimental Lidar (MABEL), with Landsat-based water classifications (from 1982 to 2017). MABEL photon elevations were paired with Landsat water occurrence percentiles to establish the elevation-area (E-A) relationship, which in turn was applied to the percentile image to obtain partial bathymetry over the historic dynamic range of reservoir area. The bathymetry for the central area was projected to achieve the full bathymetry. The bathymetry image was then embedded onto the digital elevation model (DEM). Results were validated over Lake Mead against survey data. Results over four transects show coefficient of determination (R²) values from 0.82 to 0.99 and root-mean-square error (RMSE) values from 1.18 to 2.36 m. In addition, the E-A and elevation-storage (E-S) curves have RMSEs of 1.56 m and 0.08 km³, respectively. Over the entire dynamic reservoir area, the derived bathymetry agrees very well with independent survey data, except for within the highest and lowest percentile bands. With abundant overpassing tracks and high spatial resolution, the newly launched ICESat-2 should enable the derivation of bathymetry over an unprecedented number of reservoirs.

Yao Li↗
DOE OSTI2024

AmeriFlux CA-EM2 Shoal Lake Manitoba

This is the AmeriFlux version of the carbon flux data for the site CA-EM2 Shoal Lake Manitoba. Site Description - This tower is located in a freshwater marsh embedded in rangeland/perennial cover in southwestern Manitoba. The wetland is 20.3 ha in size. The wetland vegetation is dominated bulrush with only small pockets of open-water. The surrounding uplands consist of native and tame grasses that are periodically grazed by cattle.

Badiou, Pascal↗
DOE OSTI2026

AmeriFlux CA-KLP Kinoje Lake Peatland

This is the AmeriFlux version of the carbon flux data for the site CA-KLP Kinoje Lake Peatland. Site Description - Ontario Ministry of Environment and Climate Change's Environmental Monitoring and Reporting Branch has established five carbon flux monitoring towers in Ontario’s Far North as part of its Climate Change Modelling and Monitoring program. These long term monitoring stations measure carbon exchange and a suite of soil and meteorological parameters over peatland ecosystems to better understand carbon cycling in Ontario’s Far North. Information produced by these monitoring stations will assist the province in land use planning and the development of climate change adaptation strategies.

Humphreys, Elyn [Carleton University]↗
DOE OSTI2026

AmeriFlux US-UTL UFLUX Pelican Lake

This is the AmeriFlux version of the carbon flux data for the site US-UTL UFLUX Pelican Lake. Site Description - This station is on a drip irrigated alflafa field

Menuz, Diane [Utah Geological Survey]↗
NASA NTRS1973

Automatic photointerpretation for land use management in Minnesota

The author has identified the following significant results. Primary conclusions from the lake acreage study are: (1) The ERTS-1 band 7 density range of 0-5 reliably indicates open water down to 2 acre size. (2) The density range 6-9 identifies swamps. (3) The depth of the water could not be determined. (4) Cloud shadows can be misread as lakes unless the clouds are detected. (5) ERTS-1 data would provide the information for classifying lakes and for monitoring fluctuations in lake area.

Swanlund, G. D.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Development of Great Lakes algorithms for the Nimbus-G coastal zone color scanner

A series of experiments in the Great Lakes designed to evaluate the application of the Nimbus G satellite Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) were conducted. Absorption and scattering measurement data were reduced to obtain a preliminary optical model for the Great Lakes. Available optical models were used in turn to calculate subsurface reflectances for expected concentrations of chlorophyll-a pigment and suspended minerals. Multiple nonlinear regression techniques were used to derive CZCS water quality prediction equations from Great Lakes simulation data. An existing atmospheric model was combined with a water model to provide the necessary simulation data for evaluation of the preliminary CZCS algorithms. A CZCS scanner model was developed which accounts for image distorting scanner and satellite motions. This model was used in turn to generate mapping polynomials that define the transformation from the original image to one configured in a polyconic projection. Four computer programs (FORTRAN IV) for image transformation are presented.

Tanis, F. J.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Atmospheric radiation model for water surfaces

An atmospheric correction model was extended to account for various atmospheric radiation components in remotely sensed data. Components such as the atmospheric path radiance which results from singly scattered sky radiation specularly reflected by the water surface are considered. A component which is referred to as the virtual Sun path radiance, i.e. the singly scattered path radiance which results from the solar radiation which is specularly reflected by the water surface is also considered. These atmospheric radiation components are coded into a computer program for the analysis of multispectral remote sensor data over the Great Lakes of the United States. The user must know certain parameters, such as the visibility or spectral optical thickness of the atmosphere and the geometry of the sensor with respect to the Sun and the target elements under investigation.

Turner, R. E.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Authentication controversies and impactite petrography of the New Quebec Crater

The literature reports that led to the current acceptance of New Quebec Crater (Chubb Crater) as an authentic impact crater are reviewed, and it is noted that, for reasons that are not entirely clear, a meteoritic origin for the New Quebec Crater achieved wider acceptance at an earlier data than for the Lake Bosumtwi Crater, for which petrographic and chemical evidence is more abundant and compelling. The petrography of two impact melt samples from the New Quebec Crater was investigated, and new evidence is obtained on the degrees of shock metamorphism affecting the accessory minerals such as apatite, sphene, magnetite, and zircon.

Marvin, Ursula B.↗
NASA NTRS2001

Eruption Mechanisms for Loki, Io: Inferences Based on Galileo and Groundbased Data

A wealth of data about Loki, the most powerful volcano on Io, has been collected and here, we try to begin synthesis of these data. These data suggest periodic lava lake overturn. Further, these eruptions may be truly periodic, and therefore predictable. Additional information is contained in the original extended abstract.

Rathbun, J. A.↗
NASA NTRS2002

Quantitative Mapping of Reflected and Emitted Energy Patterns Over a City

There are major variations in energy flux within and across the region of a large city. These variations have impacts in disparate areas, such as human health, environmental monitoring and mitigation, and energy consumption. Knowledge of the variations also has utility to urban and regional planners, and climate modelers. The authors have developed a system which permits robust measurement of both the magnitude of the energy flux variation and the absolute value of energy flux over regions of the size of large cites. The technique uses properly acquired and processed multispectral imagery with bands in the visible, near-IR and thermal portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. With proper knowledge of the atmosphere and geometries of acquisition it is possible to compute the energy budget for individual pixels. The reality of this technique is demonstrated using data acquired over Salt Lake City, Utah. The deficiencies in the results emphasize the critical nature of various design and engineering features usually ignored in airborne and satellite imaging systems.

Luvall, J.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Freight Electrification, Moving Goods While Managing Grid Impacts

Analyzing freight data from the Salt Lake City inland port demonstrates significant potential forintegrating battery-electric freight vehicles (BEVs) into key transportation corridors. Our partnership with freight operators like RSD and MWCS, and other companies moving freight around the port, provided valuable fleet telemetry and operationalinsights, highlighting critical corridors on and around I-15 and I-80.

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