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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 217 records · Page 12

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NASA NTRS1977

Stimulated plasma waves in the ionosphere

The reported discussion is concerned with longitudinal waves associated with electron motions. These waves are easily stimulated in the ionosphere by rocket- and satellite-borne RF sounders. Most of the observations of stimulated plasma waves in the ionosphere are based on ionograms obtained from the sounders carried on board five satellites, including Explorer 20, Alouette 1 and 2, and ISIS 1 and 2. The majority of the observations can be explained by considering the propagation of the sounder-stimulated plasma waves. Attention is given to aspects of plasma wave dispersion, linear phenomena, plasma wave instabilities and nonlinear phenomena, unexplained phenomena, diagnostic applications, geophysical and astrophysical applications, and a number of experiments planned for the future.

Benson, R. F.↗

NASA NTRS1978

Entry dynamics performance predictions for Pioneer Venus probes

The scientific experiments planned for the Pioneer Venus entry probes require that the probes provide a stable platform at a controlled roll rate throughout the atmospheric phase of the mission. The 45-degree half-cone forebody common to both the small and large probe configurations provides a design which meets all stability and attitude requirements. The uncertainty in the dynamic stability parameter coupled with the possible variability of roll rate due to ablation induced roll torques could, however, result in slight angle of attack divergence in the transonic flight regime. Minimum roll rate requirements on the small probe are passively achieved by a vane mounted on the pressure-temperature sensing arm. The vane was sized to provide minimum dynamic disturbance.

Mccloy, R. D.↗

NASA NTRS1980

Industrial application experiment series

The deployment of parabolic dish systems into the industrial sector for the purpose of providing users, suppliers, sponsors, and developers with a realistic assessment of system feasibility in selected near-term industrial applications will be accomplished initially through the industrial module experiment and later through additional experiments involving thermal, electric, and combined thermal and electrical systems. The approach is to progress through steps, from single module to multi-module systems, from thermal-only applications to more complex combined thermal and electric applications. The experience of other solar thermal experiments, particularly those involving parabolic dish hardware, will be utilized to the fullest extent possible in experiment planning and implementation.

Bluhm, S. A.↗

NASA NTRS1980

Thermal Power Systems (TPS); Point-Focusing Thermal and Electric Applications (PFTEA). Volume 2: Detailed report, fiscal year 1979

Progress in the development of systems which employ point focusing distributed receiver technology is reported. Emphasis is placed on the first engineering experiment, the Small Community Solar Thermal Power Experiment. Procurement activities for the Military Module Power Experiment the first of a series of experiments planned as part of the Isolated Load Series are included.

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NASA NTRS1980

A VLBI variance-covariance analysis interactive computer program

An interactive computer program (in FORTRAN) for the variance covariance analysis of VLBI experiments is presented for use in experiment planning, simulation studies and optimal design problems. The interactive mode is especially suited to these types of analyses providing ease of operation as well as savings in time and cost. The geodetic parameters include baseline vector parameters and variations in polar motion and Earth rotation. A discussion of the theroy on which the program is based provides an overview of the VLBI process emphasizing the areas of interest to geodesy. Special emphasis is placed on the problem of determining correlations between simultaneous observations from a network of stations. A model suitable for covariance analyses is presented. Suggestions towards developing optimal observation schedules are included.

Bock, Y.↗

NASA NTRS1980

Space plasma physics active experiments

The design concepts, capabilities, and operations of instruments developed for Spacelab 1 are discussed as well as the highly interrelated experiments planned for that mission.

Roberts, W. T.↗

NASA NTRS1980

Islet in weightlessness: Biological experiments on board COSMOS 1129 satellite

Biological experiments planned as an international venture for COSMOS 1129 satellite include tests of: (1) adaptation of rats to conditions of weightlessness, and readaption to Earth's gravity; (2) possibility of fertilization and embryonic development in weightlessness; (3) heat exchange processes; (4) amount of gravity force preferred by fruit flies for laying eggs (given a choice of three centrifugal zones); (5) growth of higher plants from seeds; (6) effects of weightlessness on cells in culture and (7) radiation danger from heavy nuclei, and electrostatic protection from charged particles.

Zhuk, Y.↗

NASA NTRS1981

NASA and Deere to study effects of low-g on iron processing

A technical exchange agreement to study the effects of processing iron alloys in microgravity is described. Alloy solidification experiments are to be performed in the low-g facilities at Marshall Space Center. Deere is to prepare and evaluate the samples, and perform thermal characterization studies of the furnace used for melting and solidifying the samples. Experiment planning and analysis are to be performed jointly and data shared between the two parties. The technical exchange concept, developed by NASA to involve the private sector in low gravity research programs, is described. Other low gravity processing fields in which industry is invited to participate are listed.

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NASA NTRS1978

Interactions of a tethered satellite system with the ionosphere

The Tethered Satellite System will be the first large structure deployed in space. It will react strongly with the magneto-ionic medium of the Earth's ionosphere and will thus be valuable experimental tool. Experiments planned for the structure are discussed. Emphasis is placed on the structures ability to excite a large variety of wave phenomena in the ionosphere using its electromotive force.

Grossi, M. D.↗

NASA NTRS1981

Catalytic surface effects experiment on the Space Shuttle

A Space Shuttle experiment planned to measure the surface catalytic efficiency of the baseline high-temperature reusable surface insulation (HRSI) during earth entry is described. A spray-on overcoat, with high catalytic efficiency, will be used as a comparative basis for determining the HRSI surface catalytic efficiency through surface temperature measurement. Catalytic efficiency, as well as aerothermal response of the overcoat, was evaluated, using various models made of HRSI material in arc-plasma flow environments. Agreement is obtained between the measured and computed heating rise of the coated surfaces. Computed predictions for the flight case are presented.

Stewart, D. A.↗

NASA NTRS1981

The 30/20 GHz flight experiment system, phase 2. Volume 2: Experiment system description

A detailed technical description of the 30/20 GHz flight experiment system is presented. The overall communication system is described with performance analyses, communication operations, and experiment plans. Hardware descriptions of the payload are given with the tradeoff studies that led to the final design. The spacecraft bus which carries the payload is discussed and its interface with the launch vehicle system is described. Finally, the hardwares and the operations of the terrestrial segment are presented.

Bronstein, L.↗

NASA NTRS1982

Interaction of heat production, strain rate and stress power in a plastically deforming body under tensile test

At high strain rates the heat produced by plastic deformation can give rise to a rate dependent response even if the material has rate independent constitutive equations. This effect has to be evaluated when interpreting a material test, or else it could erroneously be ascribed to viscosity. A general thermodynamic theory of tensile testing of elastic-plastic materials is given in this paper; it is valid for large strain at finite strain rates. It enables discovery of the parameters governing the thermodynamic strain rate effect, provides a method for proper interpretation of the results of the tests of dynamic plasticity, and suggests a way of planning experiments in order to detect the real contribution of viscosity.

Paglietti, A.↗

NASA NTRS1983

Oxygen atom reaction with Shuttle materials at orbital altitudes - Data and experiment status

Significant surface characteristics changes have been noticed on materials that were exposed in the payload bay of the Space Shuttle Orbiter on the first four flights. The most notable change was mass loss of Kapton film used as a component of thermal blankets. This film exhibited as much as 35 percent mass loss on STS-3 and loss of material was noticed on all flights. Other changes consist of rapid aging of paints and oxidation of Torlon surfaces. A mechanism has been proposed for the effects described, which involves the interaction of these organic materials with atomic oxygen available at low earth orbital altitudes. Evidence derived from measurements made on Shuttle materials that supports this mechanism will be presented. Experiments planned for near-term Shuttle flights are being developed to obtain quantitative data on reaction rates.

Leger, L.↗

NASA NTRS1982

Space motion sickness and vestibular experiments in Spacelab

Approximately 43 percent of Apollo, Skylab, Soyuz/Salyut and Shuttle crewmen have experienced symptoms resembling motion sickness during their first several days in space. This paper reviews the space sickness problem in both an operational and physiological context, and describes experiments planned by a team of vestibular researchers from the USA and Canada to study space sickness and associated sensory-motor adaptation to weightlessness during Spacelab missions 1 and 4, and the German Spacelab mission D-1.

Oman, C. M.↗

NASA NTRS1982

The OSTA-1 mission - Overview of the goals, mission parameters and instrumentation for the first Shuttle scientific payload

Aspects of the second Space Shuttle flight, which carried the first payload of scientific instruments for remote sensing of the earth's atmosphere, oceans, and land areas, are discussed. The development and integration of the payload, the mission simulations and end-to-end testing, the launch, the payload mission operations, the landing, data removal, and payload removal, the scientific results, and some planned experiments using the Shuttle are addressed. Summaries of the experimental results are presented, including those for the imaging radar, infrared radiometer, ocean color experiment, air pollution measurements, feature identification and location experiment, night/day optical lightning survey, and bioengineering test. The availability of data and science reports is also covered.

Taranik, J. V.↗

NASA NTRS1984

Basic experimental study of the coupling between flow instabilities and incident sound

Whether a solid trailing edge is required to produce efficient coupling between sound and instability waves in a shear layer was investigated. The differences found in the literature on the theoretical notions about receptivity, and a need to resolve them by way of well-planned experiments are discussed. Instability waves in the shear layer of a subsonic jet, excited by a point sound source located external to the jet, were first visualized using an ensemble averaging technique. Various means were adopted to shield the sound reaching the nozzle lip. It was found that the low frequency sound couples more efficiently at distances downstream of the nozzle. To substantiate the findings further, a supersonic screeching jet was tested such that it passed through a small opening in a baffle placed parallel to the exit plane. The measured feedback or screech frequencies and also the excited flow disturbances changed drastically on traversing the baffle axially thus providing a strong indication that a trailing edge is not necessary for efficient coupling between sound and flow.

Ahuja, K. K.↗

NASA NTRS1984

Satellite Precipitation and Cloud Experiment (SPACE)

An experiment plan was formulated to support an investigation of the precipitation processes associated with mesoscale systems and the interaction of rain producing cloud complexes with the meso and macro-scale environment. The field program necessary to accomplish the scientific goals is designed to incorporate satellite information (VIS and IR as well as VAS data), special radiosonde and surface observing capabilities, radar observations of storms development, special observations from aircraft and ground based lightning measurements. The observing network comprises rawinsonde stations located in northern Alabama and eastern Tennessee. A high density raingauge network and the MSFC lightning location network also cover the area. Coordination with NASA U2 and ER2 aircraft programs and with the operational requirements of the microburst severe thunderstorm program can assure the most efficient utilization of the observing resources.

Arnold, J. E.↗

NASA NTRS1984

Pioneer to Venus - The multiprobe and orbiter missions

The missions of the Pioneer multiprobe and orbiter spacecraft to Venus are surveyed and illustrated with drawings, photographs, maps, and diagrams. The general characteristics of Venus and the pre-Pioneer missions are reviewed; the developmental history of the Pioneer project is traced; the spacecraft and their orbits and deployment are described; and the scientific findings on the planet surface, atmosphere, and ionosphere are summarized. The experiments planned for the extended mission of the orbiter (through reentry in 1992) are briefly characterized, includidng solar-wind-interaction studies, comet detection, ionosphere and aeronomy investigations, global lightning survey, optical observations, gamma-ray-burst detection, radar mapping, gravity measurements, and observations of Halley's Comet during February, 1986.

Craig, R. A.↗