Data handling equipment requirements for convolutional PCM telemetry.
Ground data handling equipment characteristics for PCM telemetry link utilizing convolutional coding
Sos, J. Y.↗
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Accuracy of telemetry signal power loss in a filter as an estimate for telemetry degradation
When telemetry data is transmitted through a communication link, some degradation in telemetry performance occurs as a result of the imperfect frequency response of the channel. The term telemetry degradation as used here is the increase in received signal power required to offset this filtering. The usual approach to assessing this degradation is to assume that it is equal to the signal power loss in the filtering, which is easily calculated. However, this approach neglects the effects of the nonlinear phase response of the filter, the effect of any reduction of the receiving system noise due to the filter, and intersymbol interference. Here, an exact calculation of the telemetry degradation, which includes all of the above effects, is compared with the signal power loss calculation for RF filtering of NRZ data on a carrier. The signal power loss calculation is found to be a reasonable approximation when the filter follows the point at which the receiving system noise is introduced, especially if the signal power loss is less than 0.5 dB. The signal power loss approximation is less valid when the receiving system noise is not filtered.
Koerner, M. A.↗
Remote-site data compression.
Synchronous data processing equipment used at source of remote site telemetry data compressor, stressing system design techniques
Duffin, P. M.↗
The data reduction laboratory - An aid to the space scientist
Data reduction facility for rapid analysis of space flight telemetry data
Keipert, F. A.↗
Micro-Spectrometer for Resource Mapping in Extreme Environments
Measurements and analyses of resources within permanently shadowed craters and along steep embankments on extraterrestrial surfaces pose extreme challenges since astronauts and rovers cannot access them. However, these areas offer the potential for the greatest scientific returns. Researchers at the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) invented a deployable wireless micro-spectrometer that can access those challenging areas and deliver telemetry data to a receiver safely outside those extreme environments. The micro-spectrometers are designed for deployment by an astronaut, a rover, or a lander flying overhead. This device can also be installed on rover tires, under the astronaut’s shoes, or on a cane stick. The bullet-like, expendable micro-spectrometer can penetrate into soil to spectrally identify the components of soil, such as water, He-3, or other minerals. The signals from the soil assay data are transmitted to a mother station through a telemetry system. This LaRC developed micro-spectrometer bullet consists of micro-spectrometer optics with an all-imbedded, burst-mode, light-emitting-diode ultraviolet (LED UV) light source, a super-capacitor with control electronics, and telemetry electronics. Prototypes have been fabricated to demonstrate a spectral assay of soil components. Further maturation of this technology would be necessary for demonstrations on the Moon.
micro-spectrometer↗
Space sciences data-handling and mission operations
Real-time ground processing of space mission telemetry data from orbiting telescopes
Ludwig, G. H.↗
Intelligent data reduction - A preliminary investigation
Research being undertaken to develop expert systems for reducing telemetry data from spacecraft is described. The use of the Hubble Space Telescope Electrical Power System as a testbed is examined. The Nickel Cadmium Battery Expert System is briefly addressed, and the I-DARE (Intelligent Data Reduction) prototype system is discussed.
Ford, Donnie R.↗
Solar-A reformatted data files and observing log
An overview is presented of the Solar-A telemetry data files which are to be created and the format and organization which the files are to use. The organization chosen is to be efficient in space, to facilitate access to the data, and to allow the data to be transportable to different machines. An observing log file is to be created automatically, using the reformatted data files as the input. It will be possible to perform searches with the observing log to list cases where instruments are in certain modes and/or seeing certain signal levels. A user will be able to search the observing log and obtain a list of all cases where a given set of conditions are satisfied. An event log will be created listing the times when the instrument or spacecraft modes change.
Morrison, M. D.↗
Data collection operational support system, part 2
Calibrated signal-strength data obtained at 10 sites in the Rockies and NASA telemetry data regarding the signal levels in the ATS 6 spacecraft are presented along with methodology to use the data to compute the carrier-to-noise rations and signal-to-noise rations at each of the calibrated sites. The data and methodology are also used to estimate the median values of these quantities for sites in the Rockies, Alaska, and Appalachia. Results are discussed.
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Frame-Synchronization-Assisting Module
Auxiliary data processor does computations related to synchronization of frames of telemetry data, relieving main processor of task. Called frame-synchronization-assisting module (FSAM), sorts through large amounts of data to determine whether valid and how configured. Module connected to main processor of computer through direct-memory-access (interface) module. Examines data in computer memory to find frame-synchronizing codes.
Desilveira, C.↗
Station Data Acquisition and Control System.
The Station Data Acquisition and Control System (STADAC), a multicomputer data handling and control system, is expected to be installed in six network stations, the first station to be established at Goddard Space Flight Center. Network control data, in the form of schedules and acquisition pointing data, flow from the Network Control Center to the stations, while station status data flow in the other direction. The system will format spacecraft telemetry data for real-time transmission of control and status data to the project operations control centers and for transmission of experiment data to the data processing facilities. The system will also schedule station equipment resources, perform prepass tests to assure data quality, and automatically set up selected station equipment.
Kiebler, J. W.↗
Apollo experience report: Data management for postflight engineering evaluation
The Apollo management of data for postflight engineering evaluation is described. The sources of Apollo telemetry data, the control of data processing by a single data team, the data techniques used to assist in evaluation of the large quantity of data, and the operation of the data team before the mission and during the evaluation phase are described. The techniques used to ensure the output of valid data and to determine areas in which data were of questionable quality are also included.
Foster, G. B., Jr.↗
A personal computer-based, multitasking data acquisition system
A multitasking, data acquisition system was written to simultaneously collect meteorological radar and telemetry data from two sources. This system is based on the personal computer architecture. Data is collected via two asynchronous serial ports and is deposited to disk. The system is written in both the C programming language and assembler. It consists of three parts: a multitasking kernel for data collection, a shell with pull down windows as user interface, and a graphics processor for editing data and creating coded messages. An explanation of both system principles and program structure is presented.
Bailey, Steven A.↗
STS-70 Mission Highlights
The highlights of the STS-70 mission are presented in this video. The flight crew consisted of Cmdr. Tom Henricks, Pilot Kevin Kregel, Flight Engineer Nancy Currie, and Mission Specialists Dr. Don Thomas and Dr. Mary Ellen Weber. The mission's primary objective was the deployment of the 7th Tracking Data and Relay Satellite (TDRS), which will provide a communication, tracking, telemetry, data acquisition, and command services space-based network system essential to low Earth orbital spacecraft. Secondary mission objectives included activating and studying the Physiological and Anatomical Rodent Experiment/National Institutes of Health-Rodents (PARE/NIH-R), The Bioreactor Demonstration System (BDS), the Commercial Protein Crystal Growth (CPCG) studies, the Space Tissue Loss/National Institutes of Health-Cells (STL/NIH-C) experiment, the Biological Research in Canisters (BRIC) experiment, Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment-2 (SAREX-2), the Visual Function Tester-4 (VFT-4), the Hand-Held, Earth Oriented, Real-Time, Cooperative, User-Friendly, Location-Targeting and Environmental System (HERCULES), the Microcapsules in Space-B (MIS-B) experiment, the Windows Experiment (WINDEX), the Radiation Monitoring Equipment-3 (RME-3), and the Military Applications of Ship Tracks (MAST) experiment. There was an in-orbit dedication ceremony by the spacecrew and the newly Integrated Mission Control Center to commemorate the Center's integration. The STS-70 mission was the first mission monitored by this new control center. Earth views included the Earth's atmosphere, a sunrise over the Earth's horizon, several views of various land masses, some B/W lightning shots, some cloud cover, and a tropical storm.
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Advanced satellite workstation: An integrated workstation environment for operational support of satellite system planning and analysis
A prototype integrated environment, the Advanced Satellite Workstation (ASW), is described that has been developed and delivered for evaluation and operator feedback in an operational satellite control center. The current ASW hardware consists of a Sun Workstation and Macintosh II Workstation connected via an ethernet Network Hardware and Software, Laser Disk System, Optical Storage System, and Telemetry Data File Interface. The central mission of ASW is to provide an intelligent decision support and training environment for operator/analysts of complex systems such as satellites. There have been many workstation implementations recently which incorporate graphical telemetry displays and expert systems. ASW is a considerably broader look at intelligent, integrated environments for decision support, based upon the premise that the central features of such an environment are intelligent data access and integrated toolsets. A variety of tools have been constructed in support of this prototype environment including: an automated pass planner for scheduling vehicle support activities, architectural modeler for hierarchical simulation and analysis of satellite vehicle subsystems, multimedia-based information systems that provide an intuitive and easily accessible interface to Orbit Operations Handbook and other relevant support documentation, and a data analysis architecture that integrates user modifiable telemetry display systems, expert systems for background data analysis, and interfaces to the multimedia system via inter-process communication.
Sutton, Stewart A.↗
VLSI high speed packet processor
The Goddard Space Flight Center Mission Operations and Data Systems Directorate has developed a packet processor card utilizing semicustom very large scale integration (VLSI) devices, microprocessors, and programmable gate arrays to support the implementation of multichannel telemetry data capture systems. This card will receive synchronized error corrected telemetry transfer frames and output annotated application packets derived from this data. An adaptable format capability is provided by the programmability of three microprocessors while the throughput capability of the packet processor is achieved by a data pipeline consisting of two separate RAM systems controlled by specially designed semicustom VLSI logic.
Grebowsky, Gerald J.↗
Operations programming
Algorithm for recovery of pulse code telemetry data, and simulation program to determine matrix characteristics
TELEMETRY↗
Data compression for the Cassini radio and plasma wave instrument
The Cassini Radio and Plasma Wave Science experiment will employ data compression to make effective use of the available data telemetry bandwidth. Some compression will be achieved by use of a lossless data compression chip and some by software in a dedicated 80C85 processor. A description of the instrument and data compression system are included in this report. Also, the selection of data compression systems and acceptability of data degradation is addressed.
Farrell, W. M.↗