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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 235 records · Page 13
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2023

The Cybersecurity Value-at-Risk Framework

Hydropower remains one of the strongest forms of renewable energy generation methods. It is crucial to address the increasing risks associated with the rapid digitization. The push towards decarbonization also factors in the need to ensure security and resilience for grid-connected renewable energy resources. This report summarizes the U.S. Department of Energy's Water Power Technologies Office's effort to develop a cybersecurity valuation methodology that assists hydropower stakeholders in assessing risks associated with plan operations and gathers valuation guidance through a web-based applicaiton. The Hydropower Cybersecurity Value-at-Risk Framework delivers a platform for industry members to perform self assessments and make informed decisions on their cybersecurity investments.

CVF↗
DOE OSTI2026

Technical Assistance for Mount Desert Island, Maine

Mount Desert Island, Maine, worked with researchers in the Energy Technology Innovation Partnership Project (ETIPP) to evaluate microgrid siting and sizing to assess how this technology could measurably improve critical service reliability.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2021

Solar +: Clean Energy Strategies for the Sunshine State (Final Technical Report (FTR) of the Florida Alliance for Accelerating Solar and Storage Technology Readiness (FAASSTeR))

This reports on a four-year effort to provide foundational research, analysis, strategies and assistance to help Florida, and other states that might learn from this work, to grow solar energy in conjunction with other distributed energy resources by addressing and overcoming existing barriers, and in way that delivers increased value. The start of this effort coincided with an inflection point of sorts into a new dawn for solar energy in Florida, where the Sunshine state’s national ranking in total installed solar, according to the Solar Energy Industries Association (SEIA), has rose from 13th to 4th. Florida has now become the national leader in annual utility-scale solar growth as dozens of large plants have come online. Also, during this time, Florida utilities have expressed a strong and growing interest in understanding the role of energy storage and how to best plan for and deploy this unique resource as part of strategies to grow solar. The utility-scale solar growth experienced has been fueled by the economics of solar cost-parity with natural gas combined cycle plants and Florida Public Service Commission’s (PSC) approval of cost-recovery for the Investor-Owned Utilities (IOU’s), primarily through the Solar Base Rate Adjustment (SoBRA) mechanism. This has led to gigawatts (GW’s) of rate-based solar capacity additions over several years, along with fairly significant amounts of energy storage. Meanwhile, municipal electric utilities, which, collectively, are the third largest source of power in the state, have been increasing solar considerably through power purchase agreements (PPA’s) and are on track to have close to 1 GW of grid-connected solar by 2024. Florida’s municipal utilities and the Florida Municipal Electric Association (FMEA) have been key partners in the Florida Alliance for Accelerating Solar and Storage Technology Readiness (FAASSTeR), formed to carry out this effort. The six largest of these have been Core Team utilities, engaging throughout the project in weekly calls, discussions, and project direction, participating in and hosting workshops and benefiting from technical assistance in several areas.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2025

Technical Assistance for Digital Assurance: DistribuTECH Workshop

Idaho National Laboratory, the Department of Energy’s Grid Deployment Office, and other national laboratories are collaborating to ensure the U.S. energy infrastructure is reliable, resilient, and secure. This involves strategically leveraging digital technologies to modernize the grid, enhance its resilience against all hazards and disruptions, and fortify national energy security across a diverse energy portfolio. In this workshop you will learn about Idaho National Lab’s Technical Assistance programs, where organizations will be matched with a national laboratory subject matter expert to focus on their key topical area. The technical assistance offered through this track is designed to be responsive to a rapidly changing regulatory landscape and cutting-edge technologies that enhance grid reliability and efficiency. Users will be guided through a tailored analysis and mitigation program to determine their current security posture and given assistance in evaluating supply chain and protection choices against potential consequences.

Digital assurance↗
DOE OSTI2026

Intense cavitation-assisted electric discharge as a promising tool for water treatment

This study investigates interrelations between one-electrode Cavitation-Assisted Electric Discharge (CAED), two-electrode CAED, and recently discovered Intense CAED (I-CAED). The one-electrode CAED is a self-triggered nanosecond discharge with pulse energy in the micro-Joule range, which can be generated even by a DC voltage. I-CAED consists of a non-equilibrium part within a low-pressure cavitating region and a micro-spark traversing a liquid film. We hypothesize that CAED propagates from the high-voltage electrode as an ionization wave through bubbles of saturated vapor. Subsequently, the streamer-like discharges in the bubbles may form a continuous plasma channel. Inside the cavitating region, the plasma is strongly non-equilibrium, providing an ideal environment for generating chemically unstable species such as hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). Plasma of I-CAED spark is characterized by high electron density and near-thermal equilibrium, emitting a continuous ultraviolet spectrum. The combination of these different discharge parts makes I-CAED in water a highly effective tool for the Advanced Oxidation Process, particularly in water disinfection. Experimentally demonstrated Electric Energy per Order value for disinfection of E. coli-contaminated water is as low as 0.135 ± 0.035 kWh/m 3 /order. Estimates show that the implementation of “dry electrodes” configuration reduces the erosion rate of the electrode material by at least one order of magnitude. Spectral analysis reveals that the continuum emission generated by I-CAED in proximity to metal electrodes deviates from the spectra of discharges spatially decoupled from the electrodes. We assume that this spectral divergence is attributable to blackbody-like emission originating from metallic nanoparticles form during the electrode's erosion process.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2025

Birefringent Glass‐Engraved Quasi‐Linear Nanograting Metasurface Based on Self‐Organizing Process for Large Aperture High Power Laser Applications

All-glass metasurface “nanograting” structures that exhibit birefringence in the formed layer are reported. The key enabler of this work is ion beam processing at an angle sufficiently off-normal incidence, inducing self-assembly of a deposited metal layer into quasi-linear metallic features that can function as an etching mask. As a result, a fused silica metasurface, monolithic to the underlying substrate, is demonstrated at 375 nm wavelength to exhibit a phase delay angle of 30° between the principal axes. The capability of an angled etch mask replenishment process is also demonstrated for achieving deeper etch depth and for increasing the grating period, another first – to the best of the knowledge. This is the first display of a technology capable of fabricating glass-engraved near-linear grating structure with a feature-to-feature period as small as 118.6 nm. Furthermore, this technology has the potential to generate grating-like structures with periods as small as 12.4 nm, as demonstrated here with reactive ion beam processing assisted mask assembly. Furthermore, these structures are shown to have reflectivity < 0.4% across the wavelength band 350 nm – 1000 nm. Such a technology can enable laser-durable grating structures for the deep-UV and even down to soft X-ray wavelengths.

Ray, Nathan J. [Lawrence Livermore National Labora↗
DOE OSTI2025

Advanced Transmission Technologies –GETs and HPCs Session 3: HPCs and Building Actions Plans to Digital Assurance Risks

The third session of the Idaho National Laboratory’s (INL) Technical Assistance for Digital Assurance (TADA) program, held on November 11, 2025, centered on High Performance Conductors (HPCs) and the formulation of action plans to address digital assurance risks associated with Grid-Enhancing Technologies (GETs). This session convened experts from utilities, vendors, and government agencies to examine the technical, operational, and cybersecurity aspects of HPC deployment. Discussions highlighted the benefits of HPCs, such as their ability to rapidly increase transmission capacity using existing corridors, improve grid resilience, reduce system losses, and align with FERC Orders 2023 and 1920. Participants evaluated supply chain and digital assurance risks, including reliance on imported materials, limited domestic manufacturing capacity, workforce shortages, and traceability issues. The session also emphasized the importance of digital trust, integration-layer cybersecurity, and unified risk frameworks, introducing tools like intrusion detection systems, encryption, zero trust networking, and firmware integrity. Recaps of earlier workshops on Dynamic Line Ratings (DLRs), Advanced Power Flow Control (APFC), and Transmission Topology Optimization (TTO) underscored institutional barriers and integration challenges. Action plans were proposed to mitigate issues such as inconsistent cybersecurity practices, SBOM usage, supply chain visibility, operator trust, and misaligned incentives. Additionally, INL presented its supply chain risk management tools and Cyber-Informed Engineering (CIE) principles to support secure procurement and system design. The session concluded with a commitment to share key takeaways, incorporate cohort feedback into future policy development, and continue collaborative engagement through upcoming pilot activities. Session 3 of 3.

24 - POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2024

Case Study: Leveraging GenAI to Build AI-based Surrogates and Regressors for Modeling Radio Frequency Heating in Fusion Energy Science

This work presents a detailed case study on using Generative AI (GenAI) to develop AI surrogates for simulation models in fusion energy research. The scope includes the methodology, implementation, and results of using GenAI to assist in model development and optimization, comparing these results with previous manually developed models.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2026

Technical Assistance for Hui o Hau'ula, Hawaii

Hui o Hau'ula in Hawaii worked with the Energy Technology Innovation Partnership Project (ETIPP) to evaluate technologies and systems that could power the planned Ko'olauloa Community Resilience Hub (KCRH).

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2026

Energy Technology Innovation Partnership Project (Bilingual)

The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Energy Technology Innovation Partnership Project (ETIPP) helps coastal, remote, and island communities increase the affordability, reliability, and security of their energy systems through energy planning and deep-dive technical assistance. This is a English and Spanish translation.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2020

Global kinetic modeling of NH 3 -SCR with two sites of NH 3 storage on Cu-SSZ-13

A comprehensive selective catalytic reduction (SCR) model is developed to detail the global kinetic reactions in the catalyst which is involved in two type of sites for high- and low-temperature NH 3 adsorption/desorption, as well as a low temperature H 2 O storage. The model accounts for the formation of ammonium nitrate in fast SCR and the decomposition formation of ammonium nitrate in the absence of NO, and addresses N 2 O relative to NO and NO 2 reactions with NH 3 . The model has been validated against commercial Cu-SSZ-13 measurements of NH 3 inventory, NH 3 oxidation, NO oxidation, standard SCR, fast SCR and NO 2 SCR at both comprehensive steady-state and transient conditions. In addition, the application of the SCR model for emissions control over a transient drive cycle at cold start was demonstrated based on diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and SCR aftertreatment system for a passenger car. In conclusion, the results show that the SCR model can provide the detailed emissions estimations for steady-state and transient conditions, can assist with understanding the impact of the SCR reaction mechanism, and can assist with the design and optimization of SCR catalysts to develop innovative technologies for co-optimization of engine fuel economy and emissions control technologies.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2024

1D modeling of plasma streamers at ammonia-air flame conditions

Abstract Self-consistent 1D modeling of streamers in ammonia-oxygen-nitrogen-water mixtures has been performed in this work. A fluid model that includes species transport, electrostatic potential, and detailed chemistry was developed and verified. This model is then used to simulate the avalanche, streamer formation and propagation phases, driven by a nanosecond voltage pulse, at different thermochemical conditions derived from a 1D laminar premixed ammonia-air flame. The applicability of the Meek’s criterion in predicting the streamer inception location was successfully confirmed. Streamer formation and propagation duration were found to vary significantly with different thermochemical conditions, due to the difference in ionization rates. The thermochemical state also affected the breakdown characteristics which was tested by maintaining the background reduced electric field constant. Detailed kinetic analyses revealed the importance of O ( 1 D ) in the production of key radicals, such as O, OH, and NH 2 . Furthermore, the contributions of the dissociative electronic excitation of NH 3 towards the production of H and NH 2 radicals have also been reported. Spatial and temporal evolution of the electron energy loss fractions for various inelastic collision processes at different thermochemical states uncovered the input plasma energy spent of fuel dissociation and the large variability in the dominant processes during the avalanche and streamer propagation phases. The methodology and analyses reported in this work are key towards developing effective strategies for controlled nanosecond-pulsed non-equilibrium plasma sources used for ammonia ignition and flame stabilization.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2026

Zero-CO Residential Natural Gas Furnace

Residential natural gas furnaces are widely used in the US homes. Manufacturers dedicate significant design and testing resources to meet requirements of design standards. One area of these standards is controlling flue gas carbon monoxide (CO) emissions. To more effectively reduce CO emissions at the flue, we developed a novel catalyst-assisted approach that integrated a low Pt/Rh loading acidic gas reduction (AGR) catalyst with three-way catalyst (TWC) or diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) components. Compact catalysts were fabricated and assembled into tubular components, which can be seamlessly incorporated into the primary heat exchanger of a representative commercially available condensing furnace. The retrofitted furnace was demonstrated and tested following ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 103-2017. Experimental results showed that both AGR/TWC and AGR/DOC configurations achieved near-zero CO emissions under steady-state and cold-start conditions, compared with up to 500 ppm at a cold start and 17 ppm in a steady state in the OEM furnace. The catalyst-assisted furnaces also exhibited an annual fuel utilization efficiency improvement of more than 1.5% relative to the baseline unit, with a manageable pressure drop of 2.0−2.5 in. of water column. These results demonstrate that the catalyst-assisted approach can effectively eliminate CO emissions and improve energy efficiency. The technology has broad applicability for residential and commercial gas-fired heating systems.

Gao, Zhiming [ORNL] (ORCID:0000000271397995)↗
DOE OSTI2025

Siting Analyses for Elementl Power (Final CRADA Report)

This report summarizes siting evaluation assistance provided to Elementl Power under CRADA/NFE-23-09638 for suitability of advanced nuclear technologies to meet siting criteria from the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and associated guidance documents including the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) siting guide and other proprietary datasets. Elementl Power provided sites for reactor siting evaluations using the Oak Ridge – Siting Analysis for power Generation Expansion (OR-SAGE) tool. Individual data packages for each site are provided separately.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Energy Technology Innovation Partnership Project

This presentation offers information about the open application for the Energy Technology Innovation Partnership Project (ETIPP). It covers a program overview, information about types of support available through ETIPP, and examples of community technical assistance through ETIPP.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2023

Machine-learning-assisted automation of single-crystal neutron diffraction

Neutron scattering is a powerful but expensive technique to study materials and discover new matter. Advanced detector technology has significantly improved the efficiency of neutron experiments, increasing the complexity of neutron data reduction and analysis. Machine learning (ML) brings new directions for neutron diffraction data reduction and experiment operation. Here, this work presents an ML-assisted data reduction and analysis method for precise recognition of Bragg peaks and the corresponding regions of interest; it can then automatically screen and align a measured crystal using the recognized peaks, and subsequently plan and optimize the data collection with user-provided information and uncertainty quantification values of detected peaks. This method shows robust performance in different complex sample environments and enables automated single-crystal neutron diffraction.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗
DOE OSTI2026

Port Technical Assistance Program: A Proposed Initiative to Support U.S. Ports Through Energy Innovation

This document highlights the crucial importance of the maritime sector within the United States (U.S.) economy, serving as a key node for trade and global goods transportation. U.S. ports are currently grappling with challenges posed by rising shipping demands, the health impacts of diesel fuel reliance, and the technology adoptions of global trade partners due to increasing environmental regulations. This document proposes forming a technical assistance program, led by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), to help U.S. ports transition to sustainable energy solutions that not only improve environmental and community outcomes, but also enhance resilience to unexpected weather events and reduce pressure on local utilities. Coordinated by PNNL, this initiative would offer a web-based platform of consolidated resources and tools for comprehensive strategic planning and cost-benefit analysis. It also seeks to establish a collaborative network between ports and national laboratories to facilitate the sharing of best practices. The document suggests that optimizing resource allocation and providing tailored support could be achieved through strategic categorization of ports within this network, with relevant attributes and examples detailed in the report. The anticipated benefits of such a program could include increased efficiency and cost savings in port operations and the advancement of scientific innovation via alternative energy research. Also, it could enhance economic growth and competitiveness in international trade by enabling ports to meet shipping demands and develop resilient critical infrastructure through informed, long-term strategies.

33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS↗
DOE OSTI2025

Sorbent Regeneration via Radiofrequency-Assisted Dielectric Heating for Direct Air Capture of CO 2

Direct air capture (DAC) of CO 2 is a negative emission technology that utilizes sorbents requiring a regeneration step for repeated ab(/d)sorption–desorption cycles. Here we report an unconventional approach to desorb captured CO 2 from a porous sorbent using radiofrequency (RF) irradiation for dielectric heating and targeted energy transfer, thus enabling modularity and promoting renewable energy input. Regeneration of composites of functional ionic liquid and metal–organic framework with high CO 2 capacity and enhanced transport is demonstrated under conditions relevant to DAC. RF-assisted dielectric heating at the megahertz frequency range shows effective absorption of electromagnetic energy and consequently rapid release of the captured CO 2 .

Ionic liquids↗