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At least 235 records · Page 13

On the genesis of gaseous detonation.

Detonation wave initiation in gaseous media, noting transition process for flames accelerating to detonation and explosions behind reflected shock wave

Oppenheim, A. K.↗

Genesis of lunar regolith

From comparing the mineral and chemical composition of regoliths with the compositions of primary magmatic lunar rocks, it is shown that mare regolith is enriched in aluminum and depleted in iron, titanium, and chromium. This effect cannot be accounted for only by the admixture of highland anorthositic material. The entire array of geochemical data points to the considerable role of depth-wise differentiation of the magmatic material in forming the composition of the primary lunar rocks and, naturally, the composition of the regolith. During regolith formation, processes of the effervescing of magma as it outflowed at the lunar surface were of primary importance. Impacts by micrometeorites represent another important factor.

Vinogradov, A. P.↗

Chemical evidence for the genesis of the ureilites, the achondrite Chassigny and the nakhlites

An investigation has been conducted of the ureilites and the achondrite Chassigny to elucidate differences in their petrogenesis. The experimental studies reported include the determination of elemental abundances by instrumental neutron activation analysis. Attention is given to lithophile elements in ureilites, lithophile elements in Chassigny, the relationship between Chassigny and the nakhlites, and siderophile trace elements in the ureilites.

Boynton, W. V.↗

Thermal alteration of young kerogen in relation to petroleum genesis

Kerogen, humic acid, and lipid material were separated from a young marine sediment and heated in sealed tubes in a nitrogen atmosphere at 150 and 410 C. Gaseous and liquid products generated during heating, and also the residual organic material, were characterized by gas-liquid chromatography, elemental analysis, infrared and electron spin resonance spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction.

Ishiwatari, R.↗

Mare basalt genesis - A cumulate-remelting model

In the framework of the cumulative-remelting model of lunar evolution, high-Ti basalts can be produced by extensive melting of a late-stage cumulate consisting of ilmenite-plagioclase-clinopyroxene-olivine at shallow depths immediately beneath about 60 km thick plagioclase-rich crust. Low-Ti mare basalts can be derived by small degrees of partial melting of an earlier cumulate containing mainly olivine-clinopyroxene-orthopyroxene with minor plagioclase or spinel at greater depth.

Shih, C.-Y.↗

History and genesis of lunar troctolite 76535 or: How old is old

The history of lunar troctolite 76535 was investigated on the basis of information from the Sm-147-Nd-143 mineral isochron age, the Nd-143 evolution, extinct Pu-224, the Kr-81-Kr exposure age and the cosmic ray exposure record. It was found that the troctolite minerals last equilibrated 4.26 plus or minus 0.06 AE ago and that the Sm-Nd system became closed at this time. The rock remained at temperatures where the loss of radiogenic Ar-40 was small.

Lugmair, G. W.↗

Thermal alteration experiments on organic matter from recent marine sediments in relation to petroleum genesis

Three fractions of organic matter: lipid (benzene:methanol-extractable), humic acid (alkali-extractable) and kerogen (residue) were extracted from a young marine sediment (Tanner Basin, offshore southern California) and heated for different times (5-116 hr) and temperatures (150-410 C). The volatile (gases) and liquid products, as well as residual material, were then analyzed. On a weight basis, the lipid fraction produced 58% of the total identified n-alkanes, the kerogen fraction 41%, and the humic acid less than 1%. The volatiles produced by heating the lipid and humic acid fractions were largely CO2 and water, whereas those produced from heated kerogen also included methane, hydrogen gas and small amounts of C2-C4 hydrocarbons. A mechanism for hydrocarbon production due to the thermal alteration of organic constituents of marine sediment is discussed.

Ishiwatari, R.↗