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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 235 records · Page 13
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2024

Preclinical characterization of Pan-NKG2D ligand-binding NKG2D receptor decoys

NKG2D and its ligands are critical regulators of protective immune responses controlling infections and cancer, defining a crucial immune signaling axis. Current therapeutic efforts targeting this axis almost exclusively aim at enhancing NKG2D-mediated effector functions. However, this axis can drive disease processes when dysregulated, in particular, driving stem-like cancer cell reprogramming and tumorigenesis through receptor/ligand self-stimulation on tumor cells. Despite complexities with its structure and biology, we developed multiple novel engineered proteins that functionally serve as axis-blocking NKG2D “decoys” and report biochemical, structural, in vitro , and in vivo evaluation of their functionality.

60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Melanoma Cell Intrinsic GABAA Receptor Enhancement Potentiates Radiation and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response by Promoting Direct and T Cell-Mediated Antitumor Activity

Most patients with metastatic melanoma show variable responses to radiation therapy and do not benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors. Improved strategies for combination therapy that leverage potential benefits from radiation therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors are critical.

62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE↗
DOE OSTI2020

CysLT1R receptor complex with Zafirlukast (P21 space group) structure (SFX@LCLS)

This dataset has overall quality of 2.4 Å (CC*=0.5), P1 space group and cell parameters 41.58, 68.56, 87.37, 76.33, 76.69, 81.19. Structure obtained from this data have been deposited under PDB ID 6RZ5. Data processing scripts are described in detail [here](https://gist.github.com/marinegor/96102c9b7ce87509a0832649d11ba927)

CXI↗
DOE OSTI2020

Hanford Tank Vapors in Worker Breathing Zones - Source, Dispersion, and Receptor Data - 20373

A wide range of organic and inorganic chemicals from historical Hanford Site processes are now stored in 177 underground storage tanks at the Hanford tank farms. Workers at the Hanford tank farms have expressed concerns about chemical vapor exposures for many years. During the spring of 2014, worker reports of chemical odors and/or symptoms prompted the development of the Savannah River National Laboratory Hanford Tank Vapor Assessment Team (TVAT) and their resulting independent assessment and recommendations concerning tank farm worker reports of vapors. The Tank Vapor Assessment report included a hypothesis that 'vapors coming out of tanks in high concentration (bolus) plumes sporadically intersected with the breathing zones of workers, resulting in brief but intense exposures to some workers.' The focus of this effort is to present current knowledge to describe the mechanisms by which workers may experience short duration vapor concentrations above background in the tank farms environment. The TVAT hypothesis that workers have experienced concentrations approaching 80% of the tank headspace up to 3 meters (10 feet) from tank sources is not supported by sampling data or modeling results. Modeling indicates that concentrations are quickly reduced from the source, and that the upper end of predicted concentrations at worker breathing zones are a factor of 10 or more lower than source concentrations. Area measurements corroborate the fact that worker breathing zone concentrations are 10 to 100 times lower than source concentrations, and events with elevated concentrations are rare. These reduced vapor concentration levels may result in detectable odors or irritation, depending on a worker's specific odor threshold and sensitivity to the chemical species. Short-duration vapor events may be mitigated by evaluating daily atmospheric conditions in conjunction with planned tank farm activities. Monitoring changing conditions related to tank vapors concentrations at the source and within worker breathing zone is also an important step to protect workers from short duration elevated concentration events. (authors)

12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE W↗