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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 235 records · Page 13
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
NASA NTRS1985

TDRSS and the STGT

A Second Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System (TDRSS) Ground Terminal (STGT) is envisioned as the next step in providing expanded support service for data transmission between spaceborne NASA and related missions, including Space Station and the earth-based user community. This need for expanded support service is projected to exist during the early to late 1990's time frame. This concept description reflects the current NASA requirements for a life-cycle cost-effective acquisition of the STGT. The significant features of this STGT configuration include autonomous subsystems, decentralized control processes and modular functional implementation. These features are expected to reduce acquisition risk and provide efficient manpower utilization during the operational years.

Chang, R.↗
NASA NTRS1997

AXAF Coordinate Transformation at XRCF

Coordinate transformation between focal plane and detector pixel systems must be handled carefully at the X-ray Calibration Facility (XRCF) as it will be during flight. The High Resolution Mirror Assembly (HRMA) X-ray Detection System (HXDS) stage dithers, and the five-axis mount (FAM) attachment points underwent various types of motion during testing. At the XRCF when the FAM moved, the Science Instrument Module (SIM) travel direction was not necessarily aligned with the mirror axis motion, and, in addition, an arbitrary position offset had to be calibrated. Misalignment from the mirror axis was assessed by measuring its displacement from the boresight configuration of the default FAM frame, and the HXDS stage was monitored for motion from the default FAM reference point. Mirror position, prescribed in a mirror modal coordinate system, was measured in HRMA pitch and yaw axes. Prior to corrections for dithering and FAM movement, the coordinate data at XRCF also had to be corrected for possible misalignments of the mirror mount relative to XRCF and the default FAM axes due to the movement of the FAM feet. Those misalignments were processed in terms of yaw-pitch-roll Euler angles in the mirror nodal coordinate, and in the default FAM frame, respectively. An AXAF Science Center (ASC) coordinate library, pixlib, has been built to support these coordinate transformations and was used during x-ray calibration at the George C. Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL. The design and implementation of this library will be discussed.

He, Helen↗
NASA NTRS2008

Ares First Stage "Systemology" - Combining Advanced Systems Engineering and Planning Tools to Assure Mission Success

Ares is an integral part of NASA s Constellation architecture that will provide crew and cargo access to the International Space Station as well as low earth orbit support for lunar missions. Ares replaces the Space Shuttle in the post 2010 time frame. Ares I is an in-line, two-stage rocket topped by the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle, its service module, and a launch abort system. The Ares I first stage is a single, five-segment reusable solid rocket booster derived from the Space Shuttle Program's reusable solid rocket motor. The Ares second or upper stage is propelled by a J-2X main engine fueled with liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen. This paper describes the advanced systems engineering and planning tools being utilized for the design, test, and qualification of the Ares I first stage element. Included are descriptions of the current first stage design, the milestone schedule requirements, and the marriage of systems engineering, detailed planning efforts, and roadmapping employed to achieve these goals.

Seiler, James↗
NASA NTRS2007

Collaborative Resource Allocation

Collaborative Resource Allocation Networking Environment (CRANE) Version 0.5 is a prototype created to prove the newest concept of using a distributed environment to schedule Deep Space Network (DSN) antenna times in a collaborative fashion. This program is for all space-flight and terrestrial science project users and DSN schedulers to perform scheduling activities and conflict resolution, both synchronously and asynchronously. Project schedulers can, for the first time, participate directly in scheduling their tracking times into the official DSN schedule, and negotiate directly with other projects in an integrated scheduling system. A master schedule covers long-range, mid-range, near-real-time, and real-time scheduling time frames all in one, rather than the current method of separate functions that are supported by different processes and tools. CRANE also provides private workspaces (both dynamic and static), data sharing, scenario management, user control, rapid messaging (based on Java Message Service), data/time synchronization, workflow management, notification (including emails), conflict checking, and a linkage to a schedule generation engine. The data structure with corresponding database design combines object trees with multiple associated mortal instances and relational database to provide unprecedented traceability and simplify the existing DSN XML schedule representation. These technologies are used to provide traceability, schedule negotiation, conflict resolution, and load forecasting from real-time operations to long-range loading analysis up to 20 years in the future. CRANE includes a database, a stored procedure layer, an agent-based middle tier, a Web service wrapper, a Windows Integrated Analysis Environment (IAE), a Java application, and a Web page interface.

Wang, Yeou-Fang↗
NASA NTRS2018

6DOF Testing of the SLS Inertial Navigation Unit

The Navigation System on the NASA Space Launch System (SLS) Block 1 vehicle performs initial alignment of the Inertial Navigation System (INS) navigation frame through gyrocompass alignment (GCA). In lieu of direct testing of GCA accuracy in support of requirement verification, the SLS Navigation Team proposed and conducted an engineering test to, among other things, validate the GCA performance and overall behavior of the SLS INS model through comparison with test data. This paper will detail dynamic hardware testing of the SLS INS, conducted by the SLS Navigation Team at Marshall Space Flight Center's 6DOF Table Facility, in support of GCA performance characterization and INS model validation. A 6-DOF motion platform was used to produce 6DOF pad twist and sway dynamics while a simulated SLS flight computer communicated with the INS. Tests conducted include an evaluation of GCA algorithm robustness to increasingly dynamic pad environments, an examination of GCA algorithm stability and accuracy over long durations, and a long-duration static test to gather enough data for Allan Variance analysis. Test setup, execution, and data analysis will be discussed, including analysis performed in support of SLS INS model validation.

Geohagan, Kevin W.↗
NASA NTRS1994

The CCSDS return all frames Space Link Extension service

Existing Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) Recommendations for Telemetry Channel Coding, Packet Telemetry, Advanced Orbiting Systems, and Telecommand have facilitated cross-support between Agencies by standardizing the link between spacecraft and ground terminal. CCSDS is currently defining a set of Space Link Extension (SLE) services that will enable remote science and mission operations facilities to access the ground termination of the Space Link services in a standard manner. The first SLE service to be defined is the Return All Frames (RAF) service. The RAF service delivers all CCSDS link-layer frames received on a single space link physical channel. The service provides both on-line and off-line data transfer modes to accommodate the variety of access methods typical of space mission operations. This paper describes the RAF service as of the Summer of 1994. It characterizes the behavior of the service as seen across the interface between the user and the service and gives an overview of the interactions involved in setting up and operating the service in a cross-support environment.

Uhrig, Hans↗
NASA NTRS1954

Flight Tests of a Man Standing on a Platform Supported by a Teetering Rotor

Because previous flight tests of a man standing on a jet-supported platform were very successful, a series of flight tests were made to determine the flying qualities of a man standing on a platform supported by a teetering rotor. The rotor was 7 feet in diameter and was driven by air jets at the rotor tips fed by hollow blades and air hoses connected to an external air supply. The machine was tested with a free-teetering rotor and with a spring-restrained rotor, and, as an alternate arrangement, with the rotor and foot platform isolated from the framework by rubber connections to reduce the inertia of the moving parts. The machine was tested indoors in hovering and in limited translational flight and outdoors in light and in strong gusty winds. The stability and controllability with the spring-restrained rotor were uniformly good. The stability with the free-teetering rotor was marginal, but, when an experienced flyer placed his hands on a hand rail, the stability and controllability were good. The stability and controllability with the rubber-isolated frame and spring-restrained teetering rotor were very good and quite like the jet-supported platform.

Paul R Hill↗
NASA NTRS1978

Trade study: Liquid hydrogen transportation - Kennedy Space Center

Cryogenic transportation methods for providing liquid hydrogen requirements are examined in support of shuttle transportation system launch operations at Kennedy Space Center, Florida, during the time frames 1982-1991 in terms of cost and operational effectiveness. Transportation methods considered included sixteen different options employing mobile semi-trailer tankers, railcars, barges and combinations of each method. The study concludes that the most effective method of delivering liquid hydrogen from the vendor production facility in New Orleans to Kennedy Space Center includes maximum utilization of existing mobile tankers and railcars supplemented by maximum capacity mobile tankers procured incrementally in accordance with shuttle launch rates actually achieved.

Gray, D. J.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Data Systems Dynamic Simulation - A total system for data system design assessments and trade studies

Data Systems Dynamic Simulation is a simulation system designed to reduce cost and time and increase the confidence and comprehensiveness of Data Systems Simulation. It is designed to simulate large data processing and communications systems from end-to-end or by subsystem. Those features relevant to system timing, control, sizing, personnel support activities, cost and external influences are modeled. Emphasis is placed on ease of use, comprehensive system performance measures, and extensive post simulation analysis capability. The system has been used to support trade studies of the NASA data system needs in the 1985 to 1990 time frame.

Hooper, J. W.↗
NASA NTRS1984

Theory of high-harmonic rectangular gyrotron for TE(mn) modes

In this paper, the linearized relativistic Vlasov equation is solved and a dispersion relation is calculated for the interaction between a relativistic electron beam and the electromagnetic fields of a rectangular waveguide supporting TE(mn) modes. The dispersion relation is simplified to the special case of a frame of reference moving with the electrons and the resulting coupling coefficient epsilon(mn)super l is calculated for various TE(mn) modes. The dependence of epsilon(mn)super l on the parity of the harmonic number l and various mn modes of the waveguide are discussed.

Ferendeci, A. M.↗
NASA NTRS1989

On the ratio of the infrared-to-ultraviolet continuum to the X-rays in quasars and active galaxies

A sample of 122 quasars and Seyfert galaxies was analyzed and it was found that the NIR 7500 A rest frame luminosity is more linearly related to the X-ray luminosity than is the optical luminosity. It is also found that the mean spectral slope between 7500 and 4200 A in the rest frame monotonically flattens with luminosity over more than three orders of magnitude. The present results support models which attribute the IR and X-ray continua to linked nonthermal processes such as synchrotron self-Compton, while the blue-UV bump comes from a different source, such as an accretion disk.

Mushotzky, R. F.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Preliminary results from Mariner 10: High resolution images of the Moon

In November of 1973 the Mariner 10 spacecraft acquired high resolution images of both the Earth and the Moon as it began its voyage to Venus and then Mercury. The best images had a resolution of approximately l km and were taken from an unusual viewpoint, above the lunar North Pole. At this time the Moon was illuminated such that the eastern limb, including approximately 30 degrees of the farside, was visible. Two high resolution mosaics were acquired during this period which provide excellent views of regions of the Moon poorly seen from the Earth. These include the Frigoris, Humboldtianum, Marginis, and Smythii regions. These images also covered expanses of highlands not visible from the Earth. These data were unique in that they were the only useful robotic spacecraft images of the Moon; and they remained so until December of 1990 when the Galileo spacecraft made its first encounter with the Moon. These Mariner 10 lunar images were acquired and are currently being used in conjunction with Earth-based telescopic spectra as well as Apollo and Lunar Orbiter photographic data to investigate the nature of deposits comprising the Northeast Nearside of the Moon. These Mariner 10 frames have proved useful for photogeologic, photometric, and photoclinometric analyses; they were also used in support of the second Galileo lunar encounter of December 1992.

Robinson, Mark S.↗
NASA NTRS2022

Urban Air Mobility Electric Motor Winding Insulation Reliability: Challenges in the Design and Qualification of High Reliability Electric Motors and NASA’s Research Plan

This work was motivated by the needs of the emerging Urban Air Mobility (UAM) concept. Guided by analyses of concept vehicles, electric motor winding insulation reliability was identified as a subsystem limiting the vehicle reliability. This paper covers NASA’s understanding of the current state-of-the-art for electric motor winding insulation reliability, life modeling and qualification testing in the context of UAM. The needed improvements to the accepted practice for qualification of high reliability UAM motors are highlighted. NASA’s Revolutionary Vertical Lift Technologies Project strives to develop new testing methods to support the rating and qualification of UAM motor winding insulation. We describe assumptions used to frame a research approach, and we outline a NASA RVLT research plan for motor winding insulation.

Thomas Tallerico↗
NASA NTRS1973

Preparation of urban land use inventories by machine-processing of ERTS MSS data

Spectral classes of urban phenomena identified from ERTS multispectral scanner data in Milwaukee included Surburban, Inner City, Industry, Grassy (open area), Road, Wooded Suburb, Water, Cloud, and Shadow. The Milwaukee spectral class statistics were used to classify the Chicago area, within the same ERTS frame, and similar results were achieved. In another ERTS frame, Marion County (Indianapolis) data were classified into similar classes. The Marion County ERTS study was supported by a land use classification of an area near downtown Indianapolis that utilized 12-band MSS data collected by aircraft from 3000 feet. The results of the ERTS analyses suggest that satellite data will be a useful tool for the urban planner for monitoring urban land use.

Todd, W.↗
NASA NTRS1973

Preparation of urban land use inventories by machine processing of ERTS MSS data

Spectral classes of urban phenomena identified from Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS) multispectral scanner data in Milwaukee included suburban inner city, industry, grassy (open area), road, wooded suburb, water cloud, and shadow. The Milwaukee spectral class statistics were used to classify the Chicago area, within the same ERTS frame, and similar results were achieved. In another ERTS frame, Marion County (Indianapolis) data were classified into similar classes. The Marion County ERTS study was supported by a land use classification of an area near downtown Indianapolis that utilized 12-band MSS data collected by aircraft from 3000 feet. The results of the ERTS analyses suggest that satellite data will be a useful tool for the urban planner for monitoring urban land use.

Todd, W.↗
NASA NTRS1975

In-orbit servicing

A concept called the low-cost modular spacecraft, in which the subsystems would be contained in replaceable modules and which would be capable of various applications, is under engineering development. Studies have shown that servicing of such a spacecraft on orbit by the Space Shuttle over an extended lifetime is more economical than three other alternatives: launching replacement satellites on conventional boosters as existing satellites fail, launching replacements by Shuttle, or launching replacement satellites and retrieving malfunctioning satellites by Shuttle. For on-orbit servicing, the Shuttle would use its Remote Manipulator system (RMS) to bring the malfunctioning satellite into its cargo bay. The Flight Support System (FSS) on the Orbiter used for servicing the satellite would include an appendage storage frame, a retention cradle, a positioning platform, a Module Exchange Mechanism (MEM), and a storage magazine. Ground simulations are under way with the Orbiter mockup.

Cepollina, F. J.↗
NASA NTRS1975

DC-9 flight demonstration program with refanned JT8D engines. Volume 2: Design and construction

The nacelle configuration selected for the DC-9 had a 1595.6 mm Refan length inlet and an 1811.8 mm exhaust duct. The inlet had 1234.4 mm of acoustic treatment and the tailpipe had 1305.5 mm of equivalent length acoustic treatment. The pylon was reduced in width from 425.5 mm to 204.5 mm. Fuselage frames and titanium skin panels in the area of the pylon were reinforced or replaced to support the higher loads and engine thrust. Experimental type tooling, fabrication and assembly were used on all hardware. The design is considered certifiable and representative of the hardware that would be built as retrofit kits.

Source record↗
NASA NTRS1985

The Orbiter camera payload system's large-format camera and attitude reference system

The Orbiter camera payload system (OCPS) is an integrated photographic system carried into earth orbit as a payload in the Space Transportation System (STS) Orbiter vehicle's cargo bay. The major component of the OCPS is a large-format camera (LFC), a precision wide-angle cartographic instrument capable of producing high-resolution stereophotography of great geometric fidelity in multiple base-to-height ratios. A secondary and supporting system to the LFC is the attitude reference system (ARS), a dual-lens stellar camera array (SCA) and camera support structure. The SCA is a 70 mm film system that is rigidly mounted to the LFC lens support structure and, through the simultaneous acquisition of two star fields with each earth viewing LFC frame, makes it possible to precisely determine the pointing of the LFC optical axis with reference to the earth nadir point. Other components complete the current OCPS configuration as a high-precision cartographic data acquisition system. The primary design objective for the OCPS was to maximize system performance characteristics while maintaining a high level of reliability compatible with rocket launch conditions and the on-orbit environment. The full OCPS configuration was launched on a highly successful maiden voyage aboard the STS Orbiter vehicle Challenger on Oct. 5, 1984, as a major payload aboard the STS-41G mission.

Schardt, B. B.↗