Celestial mechanics experiment.
Lunar and Venusian masses and other parameters measured by Mariner 5
Anderson, J. D.↗
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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On the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of Venus.
Venusian atmosphere cloud top carbon dioxide concentration from Venus 4 probe data
Gray, L. D.↗
Dual frequency receiver system for Mariner 1967 to Venus Final engineering report
Dual frequency receiver system for inclusion in Mariner 1967 spacecraft payload for use in measuring Venusian ionosphere and atmosphere by radio occultation
Fair, B. C., Jr.↗
Atmospheric turbulence on Venus - Evidence for severe microwave signal fading from Venera 4
Signal fading analysis from Venera 4 data in lower Venusian atmosphere
De Wolf, D. A.↗
Engineering models of the Venus atmosphere based on an interpretation of recent space vehicle observations of Venus.
Venusian atmosphere model developed from satellite and earth based radar data for environmental criteria in spacecraft design and mission planning
Schiffer, R. A.↗
A model calculation of the Cytherean upper atmosphere.
Venusian upper atmosphere dissociation and ionization, considering photochemical and dynamic processes and molecular, eddy and ambipolar diffusions
Shimizu, M.↗
Planetary meteorology Quarterly progress report, 1 Jan. - 31 Mar. 1970
Venusian atmospheric temperature and cloud composition
Degges, T.↗
Laboratory CO2 photolysis studies related to planetary atmospheres Final report, 15 Jul. 1969 - 15 Jul. 1970
Photolysis of CO-2 in UV spectral region applied to models of Martian and Venusian atmospheres
Slanger, T. G.↗
High altitude spectra from NASA CV-990 jet. II - Water vapor on Venus
Venusian atmosphere water content determined by airborne interferometer
Forbes, F. F.↗
Identification of the Venus cloud layers
Venusian atmosphere low reflectivity reinterpretation based on spectrophotometric data indicating constituents of yellow and upper UV haze layers
Kuiper, G. P.↗
Atmospheres of Mars and Venus - A review of Mariner 4 and 5 and Venera 4 experiments
Spacecraft measurements revealing hot dense Venusian and cold thin Martian carbon dioxide atmospheres
Eshleman, V. R.↗
Balloon position determination on Venus
Balloon position determination in Venusian atmosphere, using ranging measurement and radiated signal polarization
Richardson, R. J.↗
Photochemistry of HCl and other minor constituents in the atmosphere of Venus
Venusian photochemistry, discussing hydrogen source from HCl, loss of water in relation to HCl, carbon dioxide stability and COS and hydrogen sulfide in visible clouds
Prinn, R. G.↗
Prediction of thermal fluxes to very blunt planetary entry vehicles by the integral method.
An integral method which has previously been applied to the hypersonic blunt body thermal problem is improved and extended to obtain downstream flux predictions and to improve stagnation predictions. To account for the effect of downstream conditions propagated upstream through the subsonic shock layer region, the normal momentum equation is solved simultaneously with the other governing conservation equations. The effects of viscosity, conduction, dissociation and ionization, nongray radiation, surface emissivity, and ablation are included. Illustrative results are presented for body models of hemispheres and a continuous curvature body which closely approximates a hemispherically blunted wide angle (60 half angle) cone. The atmospheric models are air and a 50% Co2-50% N mixture at low densities, which should be representative of the Martian or Venusian atmospheres.
Burns, R. K.↗
Venus cloud cover.
It is shown that the presence of a cloud free region on Venus is not necessary for explaining the upward and downward atmospheric motions suggested by Goody and Robinson (1966) in the Venusian atmosphere. Considerations are given in support of the assumption that the cloud cover on Venus may be solid.
Bartlett, J. T.↗
An analysis of atmospheric entry trajectories for manned and unmanned missions to the planet Venus
A unified atmospheric density model is presented for the planet Venus, and this model is compatible with Russian and American data obtained during the 1967 Venus launch opportunity. Trajectory characteristics involved in atmospheric entry are discussed with reference to roll-control modulation and entry corridor. Subsequent to a trajectory-oriented discussion of potential Venus mission characteristics, a parametric analysis of manned and unmanned vehicle entry trajectories into the Venusian atmosphere is presented. A sensitivity analysis with reference to atmospheric density deviations is included to show the dependence of corridor depth on the atmospheric density profile.
Craig, M. K.↗
Wave-mean flow interactions in the upper atmosphere
The nature of internal gravity waves is described with special emphasis on their ability to transport energy and momentum. The conditions under which these fluxes interact with the mean state of the atmosphere are described and the results are applied to various problems of the upper atmosphere, including the quasi-biennial oscillation, the heat budget of the thermosphere, the general circulation of the mesosphere, turbulence in the mesosphere, and the 4-day circulation of the Venusian atmosphere.
Lindzen, R. S.↗