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At least 235 records · Page 13
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2021

U.S.-China Clean Energy Research Center Building Energy Efficiency (CERC-BEE) Open-Source Retrofit Targeting Tool (CRADA FP00007338 Final Report)

To increase the cost-saving energy and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions reductions in buildings and portfolios at the scale and speed necessary to limit climate change, researchers at LBNL and Johnson Controls (JCI) developed the Building Efficiency Targeting Tool for Energy Retrofits (BETTER). BETTER is a software tool that consists of three components: (1) the BETTER analytical engine source code (which was developed with intellectual property provided by JCI under CRADA FP00007338); (2) the BETTER web application, developed by LBNL and McQuillen Interactive Pty. Ltd; and (3) the BETTER application programming interface (API), also developed by LBNL and McQuillen Interactive Pty. Ltd. BETTER enables building and portfolio owners, managers, and service providers worldwide to quickly, easily identify cost-saving energy efficiency retrofits in existing buildings and portfolios without expensive site visits or complex modeling. With minimal data input, the tool benchmarks a building’s electric and fossil energy usage against peers; quantifies energy, cost and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction potentials at the building and portfolio levels; and recommends energy efficiency measures to decarbonize and electrify buildings and portfolios, targeting specific energy savings levels. No other tool so comprehensively analyzes buildings and portfolios with such ease. If fully implemented, it is estimated that BETTER could help reduce emissions equivalent to planting 1.3 billion trees globally by 2030. Moreover, an additional 50-75% of embodied GHG emissions could be avoided in each case where BETTER results in a building being retrofitted instead of demolished and replaced, providing substantial additional decarbonization benefits for the buildings sector. BETTER has garnered multiple awards and avid interest from investors. In 2020, it earned a R&D 100 Award for innovation and a LBNL Director’s Award for Technology Transfer. In 2021, BETTER was named an EarthX E-Capital Summit Climate Tech Prize semi-finalist

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗
DOE OSTI2021

Research Software Engineering Efforts for DataFlow: FY2021 Developments

DataFlow is a web application that helps scientific data to flow from one source location to another destination location. DataFlow helps scientists easily capture scientific metadata associated with an experiment and transmit both metadata and experimental data to a designated, centralized data storage resource. This report describes the software engineering efforts and architecture of the project for the fiscal year 2021 developments. We hope it effectively communicates findings from our work, challenges we have overcome, and how we will continue our development of DataFlow in the future.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2019

Regression for Assessing Contaminant Plume Trends

The Department of Energy’s (DOE) Hanford site has significant dissolved-phase groundwater contaminant plumes, for which remediation activities are ongoing. Assessing concentration trends is critical for making decisions regarding remedy implementation or performance. The SOCRATES single-page web application provides a quality-assured framework for data access and consistent data analytics using standard methods. To provide trend information for remedial decisions, statistical analyses based on ordinary least squares (OLS) are already supported by SOCRATES. The presence of censored data, however, can skew the result of an OLS regression. Other methods, such as the Akritas-Theil-Sen (ATS) or Tobit regressions can be more powerful. These two regression methods are used by Hanford site personnel to analyze groundwater contaminant concentration data, which often include nondetects (censored data). The ATS method uses comparisons of observation-pair ranks and the Tobit method uses a maximum likelihood estimation method. The Tobit method can also accommodate covariates, such as river stage or groundwater level fluctuations. Both ATS and Tobit regressions can be performed with the statistics software R, but to incorporate these methods into SOCRATES, their R code was ported into JavaScript. For quality assurance verification, the new code was tested with hexavalent chromium concentration data from the Hanford 100-K West Area and compared to regression analyses that were previously conducted on this data using R.

100-K Area↗
DOE OSTI2022

Applying the Risk Management Framework: The Distributed Energy Resource Risk Manager

As part of a multiyear effort, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has dedicated resources to understand and identify cybersecurity weaknesses in distributed energy resources (DERs) by performing assessments. Due to a lack of standardization and rapidly increasing adoption of DERs, there is a critical need to address cybersecurity needs for DER systems in an interactive way. Furthermore, federal agencies, which are required to obtain an authority to operate, are challenged by the complexities of including their DERs. To help meet this need, in early 2020, NREL released the Distributed Energy Resources Cybersecurity Framework (DERCF) and accompanying Web application. This process is supported by the Risk Management Framework (RMF) developed by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. This project, referred to as the DERCF RMF application, expands on the existing DERCF work to include methods that support walking a user through the seven RMF steps. The tool will be available for download at no cost from [link ]. The purpose of this paper is to describe the steps the DERCF team at NREL took to understand Steps 1-5 of the RMF process. Additionally, this document will identify future work on the first five steps as well as a plan for Steps 6 and 7.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2023

Resilience Development for Electric Energy Delivery Sytems (ResDEEDS): A Tool for Power System Resilience Planning (Rev. 1)

The INL Resilience Framework is built to be customized to a particular system’s characteristics, resilience goals, and hazards that it is likely to face. The challenge with a framework that is built to be customized is that it requires more effort from the user to understand the framework and apply it correctly to a particular system. The goal of the web application described here is to automate the framework application as much as possible. Inputs from users are standardized into a common format, but the modeling platform used is a modular framework built to adapt to any system. Baseline effects from common hazards are programmed with stochastic variables to allow for quick exploration of hazard impacts, but can be customized down to component-level impact if a user desires a high level of detail and specificity.

17 WIND ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

Tools for Water Ingress Testing

The Safety Storage and Engineering Team, as part of the Production Support Services division (PSS-2), is tasked with ensuring the safety of containers used for handling and storage of nuclear materials. As part of this work, water ingress tests are conducted to evaluate the water-tightness of containers intended for in-glovebox use. In collaboration, the statistics group of the Computer and Computational Sciences Division (CCS-6) provided support in developing a statistically defensible approach for determining appropriate sample sizes for water ingress testing. Water ingress testing involves multiple measurements on multiple containers. Our approach uses a simple random effects model to analyze a pilot data set, implementing prediction limits to evaluate the efficacy of collecting additional data. Although this study capitalizes on available data, our approach can be used with estimates of the ratio of between and within variability and average values, often available from past testing or expert knowledge. An interactive Shiny tool was developed as a final user-friendly product for future testing. The Shiny interface is an open-source package providing a framework for building web applications. Raw data exploration and prediction interval-based sample size assessments can quickly be conducted by the engineering team without needing to interact with the underlying code.

11 NUCLEAR FUEL CYCLE AND FUEL MATERIALS↗
DOE OSTI2023

Online Analytics for Remedy Support at DOE Environmental Management Sites

Environmental data is important for managing environmental restoration/waste site remediation, planning of monitoring efforts, addressing climate resilience, and engaging with stakeholders and regulators. A major challenge is how to manage the many different types and the large volume of environmental data in a way that allows practitioners and site managers to understand data implications and support decisions. The Suite Of Comprehensive Rapid Analysis Tools for Environmental Sites (SOCRATES, https://www.pnnl.gov/projects/socrates) is a web application that provides data access, visualization, and rapid analytics to help make sense of environmental data, support remedy decisions, and communicate information. Development of SOCRATES has been funded through the DOE Richland Operations Office (RL) to support communication and decision making for the Hanford Site, thus is only tied into Hanford environmental data. However, the capabilities of SOCRATES are more broadly applicable to DOE-EM sites engaged in environmental remediation and management. This report describes the work to develop mechanisms for bringing non-Hanford data into SOCRATES so that other DOE-EM sites could make use of the visualization and analysis capabilities to support communication and decision making related to managing environmental restoration/waste site remediation, optimization/exit strategies for pump-and-treat systems, planning monitoring efforts, addressing climate resilience, and/or engaging with stakeholders and regulators. The background, approach, data transfer formats, examples, and next steps for this new SOCRATES-EM software are described in this report.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Tierra del Fuego Case Study Capacity Expansion Analysis

This case study, developed by Net Zero World Initiative and the Government of Argentina, examines least-cost decarbonization pathways for Tierra del Fuego, Argentina, utilizing renewable energy, energy storage, hydrogen, and other decarbonization technologies. Being the second largest natural gas producing province in Argentina, Tierra del Fuego has historically relied on natural gas for their energy sector needs. As they look at possible decarbonization pathways, they face challenges due to extreme weather conditions, isolation from the mainland, and low population density. The study utilizes the Engage web application for capacity expansion modeling, addressing both business-as-usual (BAU) and accelerated decarbonization scenarios, with varying degrees of electrification and carbon emission constraints. Key findings reveal that an interconnection with the mainland, high contribution of wind energy development on Tierra del Fuego, energy storage, and hydrogen, coupled with energy-efficient electrification technologies (such as heat pumps and electric vehicles), emerge as the most cost-effective solutions to decarbonize, significantly reducing carbon emissions and total system energy costs. The study explores self-generation and interconnection alternatives, demonstrating the economic advantage of an interconnection of Tierra del Fuego with the mainland, as an alternative to 100% local generation. Sensitivity analyses on wind data sources and temporal resolutions, as well as projected natural gas prices, highlight the influence of external factors on the feasibility of decarbonization pathways. Challenges identified include the practicality of phasing out natural gas, economic uncertainty, cost implications of long-term storage technologies as wind energy increases, and geographical limitations for wind generation. The case study concludes that while substantial emissions reductions can be achieved by 2050, and be competitive with conventional pathways, achieving a full 100% decarbonization by 2050 would entail higher costs, particularly due to the significant reliance on storage solutions with higher contribution of wind energy. The analysis offers valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders in Argentina's energy sector, emphasizing the importance of strategic planning, investment in renewable energy and storage technologies, and careful consideration of local conditions in the transition towards Net Zero targets.

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY↗
DOE OSTI2017

Triton: Igiugig Fish Video Analysis (Project Report)

This document summarizes the analysis of video data collected around the Ocean Renewable Power Company’s RivGen® device in the Kvichak River during July and August 2015. Human (manual) analysis of the data was undertaken and used to develop automated algorithms to detect fish in the frames and describe interaction behavior. In addition, a web application, EyeSea, was developed to combine manual and automated processing, so that ultimately the automated algorithms could be used to identify where human analysis was needed (i.e., when fish are present in video frames). The aim of the project was to develop algorithms that could identify video frames with fish present that could then be used to enable faster manual analysis. However, the project has also identified recommendations for future data collection, and research that could help analysis and interpretation. The manual analysis started to look at all data from the start of the deployment; this was to ensure rare events were seen, and initially focused on night-time data when more fish were present. This process highlighted the amount of time taken to identify fish, and ultimately only 42.33 hours of video were reviewed due to the time-consuming analysis. The data were classified as ‘Fish’, when the reviewer was confident it was a fish, and ‘Maybe’ fish, when it was difficult to distinguish. This was based on the movement, shape and color characteristics. ‘Fish’ were further classified as ‘adult’, ‘juvenile’, or ‘unidentifiable’. Behavioral attributes were noted, which were broadly divided into passive and avoidance activities. In over 42 hours data, there were only 20 potential contact interactions, of which 3 were ‘Maybe’ classifications, 12 were juveniles and 5 were adults; on only one occasion was an actual contact confirmed, and this was an adult fish with the camera, not the turbine itself. This also highlights the difficulties associated with confirming a strike or collision event as occurring or being a near-miss. More interactions were detected at night; this was probably biased by nighttime artificial light use, which may have attracted fish, but also could have increased detection probability as the light is reflected from the fish itself. For the algorithm development, background subtraction, optical flow, and deep learning techniques were considered. The deep learning approach was determined as needing too much training data for this application, and therefore was not continued. The optical flow analysis was considered promising, but did not give immediate results, so would need further investigation. Therefore, background subtraction was the main focus. Three methods of background subtraction were tried: Robust Principal Components Analysis (RPCA), Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) and Video Background Extraction(ViBE). A classification technique was then applied to the foreground images to determine fish presence. Using this combination, it was found that fish could be accurately detected when occupying more pixels (>200 pixels, 98.2% correct; 100-200 pixels, 99.6% correct; 5-100 pixels, 85.4% correct; 2-5 pixels, 66.3% correct). In parallel, EyeSea was developed to convert the video data to a usable form and to enable manual and automated analysis of the data that would have a standardized output. Recommendations for further research, and standardized methods for data collection are given.

13 HYDRO ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2024

Offshore Geologic Carbon Storage Data Collection and Data Gaps Analysis

This is a TRS documenting the Offshore Geologic Carbon Storage Data Collection. It describes the Data Collection web application and its creation as well as an accompanying Data Gaps Assessment. We present an interactive data collection and data gaps analysis to aggregate, understand, and disseminate the data that are publicly available to support offshore GCS in the United States. This data collection and data gaps analysis can be leveraged by stakeholders to understand where GCS may be viable offshore, create GCS project analogs, and address challenges to GCS in offshore environments.

58 GEOSCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

WELLBASE - An Interactive Platform for Wellbore Material Assessment

This project seeks to build an open-source wellbore material data repository with adequate material performance and contextual data to support Geological Carbon Storage (GCS). By appropriately evaluating the data types as mentioned earlier made available by the WELLBASE tool, stakeholders can make more informed decisions regarding well selections, risk assessment, and economic analysis for geologic carbon storage projects. Advanced Natural Language Processing models and other custom python scripts will be deployed in an automated process to extract unstructured data from documents, reports, and web applications and subsequently parse to more usable formats. The processed data will then be integrated into a robust and comprehensive database architecture, optimizing data accessibility, and usability for analytical purposes. The final data products will be accessible through a user-friendly visualization platform that will allow users to query and visualize the data, as well as download data in usable formats.

Tetteh, Daniel A.↗
DOE OSTI2024

GlideinBenchmark: collecting resource information to optimize provisioning

Choosing the right resource can speedup jobs completion, better utilize the available hardware and visibly reduce costs, especially when renting computers on the cloud. This was demonstrated in earlier studies on HEPCloud. But the benchmarking of the resources proved to be a laborious and time-consuming process. This paper presents GlideinBenchmark, a new Web application leveraging the pilot infrastructure of GlideinWMS to benchmark resources, and shows how to use the data collected and published by GlideinBenchmark to automate the optimal selection of resources. An experiment can select the benchmark or the set of benchmarks that most closely evaluate the performance of its workflows. With GlideinBenchmark and the help of the GldieinWMS Factory it controls the benchmark execution. Finally, a scheduler like HEPCloud’s Decision Engine can use the results to optimize resource provisioning.

Mambelli, Marco↗
DOE OSTI2024

CO2-Locate: A Dynamic Database and Tool for Accessing National Oil and Gas Well Data to Inform Carbon Storage Projects

The CO2-Locate Database is a growing compilation of publicly available wellbore resources that have been merged based on common attributes across data sources with an attribute schema developed to be consistent across disparate resources, reduce data gaps, and eliminate record redundancy. The first version of CO2-Locate has been published to Energy Data eXchange (EDX) and includes the integrated public wells dataset as well as additional geospatial summary layers of key wellbore characteristics to protect proprietary resources. Additionally, the CO2-Locate database has been deployed into a web application, enabling easy access, data filtering capabilities, and visualization of U.S. wellbore infrastructure by stakeholders to inform injection site selection and risk assessments.

Dyer, Alec S. [NETL Site Support Contractor, Natio↗
DOE OSTI2025

Advancing Multi-Hazard Risk and Safety Considerations for Aging Nuclear Facilities (Revision 1)

This project will demonstrate a multi-hazard time-dependent probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) approach for nuclear facilities considering aging-related deterioration of structures. A generic pressurized water reactor (PWR) reactor subjected to seismic mainshock-aftershock sequences considering the aging of the containment structure will be used as a case study to demonstrate the multi-hazard PRA approach. Using advanced modeling and simulation, seismic mainshock-aftershock fragility functions will be simulated for the containment structure considering aging effects. A multi-hazard PRA model for a generic PWR reactor will be built to quantify the multi-hazard core damage frequency (CDF) and large early release frequency (LERF) with explicit time-dependent modeling of event sequences. To date, the cascading impacts of multi-hazards are not adequately accounted for in the PRA models for nuclear facilities. In addition, for both initial and periodic evaluation of facilities to withstand natural phenomena hazards (NPH), deterioration of the SSCs due to aging and other effects is not adequately considered. By advancing multi-hazard considerations accounting for aging effects, this project will contribute to improved understanding of the safety of aging nuclear facilities. Project outcomes such as the multi-hazard CDF and LERF will also allow facility owners to optimize upgrade and retrofit protocols. This project is divided into two components: (1) advanced modeling and simulations; and (2) multi-hazard PRA. For the first component, Idaho National Laboratory’s (INL) Multi-hazard Analysis for STOchastic time-DOmaiN phenomena (MASTODON) and BlackBear codes will be used to simulate the seismic response and damage of a containment structure under cascading mainshock-aftershock sequences with aging effects. Uncertainties related to the seismic inputs, material parameters, and environmental factors such as temperature and humidity will be identified and propagated to the fragility functions. These fragility functions, which consider aging effects, will be time dependent. The second component will take the fragility information from the first component to build a multi-hazard time-dependent PRA model starting from a generic PWR model to evaluate the multi-hazard CDF and LERF and characterize the associated consequences. For this component, OpenPRA Web Application and SAPHIRE code will be used. Events such as the Fukushima Daiichi accident have highlighted the importance of considering the cascading impacts of multi-hazards for PRA. Moreover, many of the reactors in the current nuclear fleet in the United States (US) are already operating well beyond their initially planned design life, and applications for further extensions to operating licenses are being considered. Therefore, considering multi-hazard effects and aging deterioration in the NPH risk assessment process will contribute to the safety of both existing and future nuclear facilities. Outcomes of this project will thus directly benefit the standards DOE-STD-1020-16 and DOE-HDBK-1224-18.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗
DOE OSTI2025

GlideinBenchmark: collecting resource information to optimize provisioning

Choosing the right resource can speed up job completion, better utilize the available hardware, and visibly reduce costs, especially when renting computers in the cloud. This was demonstrated in earlier studies on HEPCloud. However, the benchmarking of the resources proved to be a laborious and time-consuming process. This paper presents GlideinBenchmark, a new Web application leveraging the pilot infrastructure of GlideinWMS to benchmark resources, and it shows how to use the data collected and published by GlideinBenchmark to automate the optimal selection of resources. An experiment can select the benchmark or the set of benchmarks that most closely evaluate the performance of its workflows. GlideinBenchmark, with the help of the GlideinWMS Factory, controls the benchmark execution. Finally, a scheduler like HEPCloud's Decision Engine can use the results to optimize resource provisioning.

Mambelli, Marco [Fermilab] (ORCID:0000000294892681↗
DOE OSTI2016

The Password Problem

Passwords are an ubiquitous, established part of the Internet today, but they are also a huge security headache. Single sign-on, OAuth, and password managers are some of the solutions to this problem. OAuth is a new, popular method that allows people to use large, common authentication providers for many web applications. However, it comes at the expense of some privacy: OAuth makes users easy to track across websites, applications, and devices. Password managers put the power in the hands of the users, but this vulnerability survey reveals that you have to be extremely careful which program you choose. All in all, password managers are the solution of choice for home users and small organizations, but large companies will probably want to invest in their own SSO solutions.

97 MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTING↗
DOE OSTI2016

Responsive Image Inline Filter

RIIF is a contributed module for the Drupal php web application framework (drupal.org). It is written as a helper or sub-module of other code which is part of version 8 "core Drupal" and is intended to extend its functionality. It allows Drupal to resize images uploaded through the user-facing text editor within the Drupal GUI (a.k.a. "inline images") for various browser widths. This resizing is already done foe other images through the parent "Responsive Image" core module. This code extends that functionality to inline images.

Freeman, Ian↗
DOE OSTI2016

Dial-A-Cluster

Dial-A-Cluster is a web application that can be used to interactively analyze multi-variate time series data. It supports multiple users, DOE markings, and user authentication. It is designed to let the user adjust the influence of particular time series in the dataset, interact with the resulting dimension reduced visualization, interact with the time series themselves, and look for correlations of the data with any available meta-data.

Martin, Shawn↗