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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 253 records · Page 14

A traverse gravimeter for the lunar surface.

A semiautomatic, self-leveling lunar gravimeter has been designed for the purpose of measuring gravity at predetermined stops along the route of a Lunar Rover Vehicle to obtain a gravity profile. The Traverse Gravimeter is completely self-contained and is powered by an internal battery. The gravity sensor is a vibrating string accelerometer (VSA) which is enclosed in a precision oven. Gravity data are obtained by initiating a measurement. After the gravimeter has leveled, the VSA difference frequency is counted down and a gate is generated to enable a crystal-controlled clock to a BCD counter. The BCD counter stores the data which are a measurement of gravity. These data, displayed upon command by the astronaut, are transmitted by voice back to earth.

Mamon, G.↗

Measured and calculated mean flow properties of a two-dimensional, hypersonic, turbulent wake

The hypersonic turbulent wake produced by a wedge was studied experimentally and its properties were compared with predictions obtained from a numerical computation procedure. In the computation procedure several models for the eddy viscosity formulation of the turbulent transport were examined. Conventional-defect models and a modified mixing-length model were found to yield good predictions of the experimental data. The classical mixing-length model gave unrealistic results. The experimental data displayed similarity when velocity and temperature defects were scaled by the maximum defects and the transverse coordinate was scaled by the velocity-defect half-width.

Wagner, R. D.↗

Natural resources information system.

A computer-based Natural Resources Information System was developed for the Bureaus of Indian Affairs and Land Management. The system stores, processes and displays data useful to the land manager in the decision making process. Emphasis is placed on the use of remote sensing as a data source. Data input consists of maps, imagery overlays, and on-site data. Maps and overlays are entered using a digitizer and stored as irregular polygons, lines and points. Processing functions include set intersection, union and difference and area, length and value computations. Data output consists of computer tabulations and overlays prepared on a drum plotter.

Leachtenauer, J. C.↗

The problem of the man-space data interface during computer processing of data

The necessity is shown for data output at different processing stages to man, taking into account the processing level, the output objective, and the user. The use of the phototelegraph I/O computer device for this purpose is considered in detail, and several examples are given. It is shown that the type of output (shaded of halftone graphs), the scales, the compression, and the mutual position of the data are selected on the basis of the character of the data displayed.

Mamotko, Z. N.↗

Measuring mandibular motions

Mandibular motion along three axes is measured by three motion transducers on floating yoke that rests against mandible. System includes electronics to provide variety of outputs for data display and processing. Head frame is strapped to test subject's skull to provide fixed point of reference for transducers.

Dimeff, J.↗

Definition study for photovoltaic residential prototype system

A site evaluation was performed to assess the relative merits of different regions of the country in terms of the suitability for experimental photovoltaic powered residences. Eight sites were selected based on evaluation criteria which included population, photovoltaic systems performance and the cost of electrical energy. A parametric sensitivity analysis was performed for four selected site locations. Analytical models were developed for four different power system implementation approaches. Using the model which represents a direct (or float) charge system implementation the performance sensitivity to the following parameter variations is reported: (1) solar roof slope angle; (2) ratio of the number of series cells in the solar array to the number of series cells in the lead-acid battery; and (3) battery size. For a Cleveland site location, a system with no on site energy storage and with a maximum power tracking inverter which feeds back excess power to the utility was shown to have 19 percent greater net system output than the second place system. The experiment test plan is described. The load control and data acquisition system and the data display panel for the residence are discussed.

Shepard, N. F.↗

Free Drifting Buoys

Information was exchanged between people directly involved with the development, use, and/or potential use of free drifting buoys. Tracking systems and techniques, where methods and accuracy of optical, radio, radar, satellite, and sonic tracking of free-drifting buoys were discussed. Deployment and retrieval covering methods currently used or planned in the deployment and retrieval of free-drifting buoys from boats, ships, helicopters, fixed platforms, and fixed-wing aircraft were reported. Simulation, sensors, and data emphasizing the status of water circulation modeling, and sensors useful on free-drifting buoys, and data display and analysis were described.

Source record↗

Linear dimensionality of Landsat agricultural data with implications for classification

A model for the Landsat multispectral scanner data, representing a generalization of the commonly used Gaussian model, has been formulated and analyzed. The model hypothesizes that the data for different crop types essentially lie on distinct hyperplanes in the feature space. Tests of this model reveal that: (1) the agricultural data from any single acquisition (i.e., four-channel) of Landsat are essentially two dimensional, regardless of the crop type; and (2) the data from different sites and different stages of crop development all lie on planes which are parallel. These findings have significant implications for data display, classification, feature extraction, and signature extension.

Wheeler, S. G.↗

Significance of operator variation and the angle of illumination in lineament analysis on synoptic images

The significance of operator variation and the angle of illumination in acquired imagery is analyzed for lineament analysis. Five operators analyzed a LANDSAT image and four photographs of a plastic relief map illuminated at a low angle from varying directions of the Prescott, Arizona region. Significant differences were found in both number and length of the lineaments recognized by the different investigators for the images. The actual coincidence of lineaments recognized by the investigators for the same image is exceptionally low. Even the directional data on lineament orientation is significantly different from operator to operator and from image to image. Cluster analysis of the orientation data displays a clustering by operators rather than by images. It is recommended that extreme caution be taken before attempting to compare different investigators' results in lineament analysis.

Siegal, B. S.↗

Lunar spectral units - A northern hemispheric mosaic

The distribution of lunar spectral units has been studied with the aid of multispectral imaging using silicon vidicons. The employed method has been developed over the last few years. The lunar observations used in the study had been made on May 7, 1974 (UT) at the Table Mountain Observatory. Four narrow bandpass interference filters centered at 0.38, 0.56, 0.85, and 1.05 micrometers were used. In the data displays presented the large differences (as in visual albedo) between the mare and the uplands have been deliberately minimized to allow small variations between these two major regions to be studied. Most of the spectral units are quite distinct, with relatively sharp boundaries. Attention is given to the general characteristics of spectral units, the distribution of mare basalt types, and the distribution of orange glass and dark mantling material.

Johnson, T. V.↗

INFORM: An interactive data collection and display program with debugging capability

A computer program was developed to aid ASSEMBLY language programmers of mini and micro computers in solving the man machine communications problems that exist when scaled integers are involved. In addition to producing displays of quasi-steady state values, INFORM provides an interactive mode for debugging programs, making program patches, and modifying the displays. Auxiliary routines SAMPLE and DATAO add dynamic data acquisition and high speed dynamic display capability to the program. Programming information and flow charts to aid in implementing INFORM on various machines together with descriptions of all supportive software are provided. Program modifications to satisfy the individual user's needs are considered.

Cwynar, D. S.↗

A model for correlating damage and ultrasonic attenuation in composites

Ultrasonic attenuation data measured by the pulse-echo technique have been obtained versus load for two graphite-epoxy laminates and are presented. The attenuation-load data display distinct changes at load values associated with the initiation of transverse cracks in the weakest plies and with the knee in the bilinear stress-strain curve. It was intended to determine if a simplified diffraction model could be used to account for the attenuation changes. The basis of the diffraction model is that transverse cracks or delaminations, or both, initiating and progressing in the specimen under the area covered by the ultrasonic transducer would cause diffraction of the ultrasonic beam and changes in the measured attenuation.

Hayford, D. T.↗

Dynamics Explorer twin spacecraft under evaluation tests

The Dynamics Explorer A and B satellites designed to explore the interactive processes occuring between the magnetosphere and Earth's ionosphere, upper atmosphere, and plasmasphere are described. Effects of these interactions, satellite orbits, data collecting antennas, solar power systems, axes, configurations, and Earth based command, control and data display systems are mentioned.

Redmond, C.↗

The state of the art of general aviation autopilots - Now and in the future

A study was performed under contract with NASA-Langley Research Center to document the state of the art of general aviation (GA) autopilots and provide information about the current status of GA autopilot technology. Results are based on findings obtained from general and product literature, as well as interviews with manufacturers, users and service centers. The autopilot systems are divided into three categories - wing leveler, automatic, and integrated flight control systems, and a listing of currently available autopilots and their available options is presented. Various autopilot components are discussed, such as the display, data entry devices, and computers; gyroscopes, altitude sensors, airspeed sensors and accelerometers are presented as the primary sensor types. Electromechanical servos, pneumatic and hydraulic actuators are compared in their ability to improve airframe response. Recommendations concerning potential areas of further research and possible areas of improvement are also presented.

Roskam, J.↗

Description of a user-oriented geographic information system - The resource analysis program

This paper describes the Resource Analysis Program, an applied geographic information system. Several applications are presented which utilized soil, and other natural resource data, to develop integrated maps and data analyses. These applications demonstrate the methods of analysis and the philosophy of approach used in the mapping system. The applications are evaluated in reference to four major needs of a functional mapping system: data capture, data libraries, data analysis, and mapping and data display. These four criteria are then used to describe an effort to develop the next generation of applied mapping systems. This approach uses inexpensive microcomputers for field applications and should prove to be a viable entry point for users heretofore unable or unwilling to venture into applied computer mapping.

Tilmann, S. E.↗

Development of data processing interpretation and analysis system for the remote sensing of trace atmospheric gas species

Problems associated with the development of the measurement of air pollution from satellites (MAPS) experiment program are addressed. The primary thrust of this research was the utilization of the MAPS experiment data in three application areas: low altitude aircraft flights (one to six km); mid altitude aircraft flights (eight to 12 km); and orbiting space platforms. Extensive research work in four major areas of data management was the framework for implementation of the MAPS experiment technique. These areas are: (1) data acquisition; (2) data processing, analysis and interpretation algorithms; (3) data display techniques; and (4) information production.

Casas, J. C.↗

Utilization of Historic Information in an Optimisation Task

One of the basic components of a discrete model of motor behavior and decision making, which describes tracking and supervisory control in unitary terms, is assumed to be a filtering mechanism which is tied to the representational principles of human memory for time-series information. In a series of experiments subjects used the time-series information with certain significant limitations: there is a range-effect; asymmetric distributions seem to be recognized, but it does not seem to be possible to optimize performance based on skewed distributions. Thus there is a transformation of the displayed data between the perceptual system and representation in memory involving a loss of information. This rules out a number of representational principles for time-series information in memory and fits very well into the framework of a comprehensive discrete model for control of complex systems, modelling continuous control (tracking), discrete responses, supervisory behavior and learning.

Boesser, T.↗

Space Shuttle interactive meteorological data system study

Although focused toward the operational meteorological support review and definition of an operational meteorological interactive data display systems (MIDDS) requirements for the Space Meteorology Support Group at NASA/Johnson Space Center, the total operational meteorological support requirements and a systems concept for the MIDDS network integration of NASA and Air Force elements to support the National Space Transportation System are also addressed.

Young, J. T.↗