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At least 253 records · Page 14

Prime Time for Model-Predictive Control? Assessing the Technical and Market Readiness of Advanced Controls in Buildings

Despite three decades of extensive research and field testing that have consistently validated the benefits of Model Predictive Control (MPC) in building applications, the technology has seen limited market adoption. This paper evaluates the readiness of MPC for widespread deployment, showcases recent demonstrations and field tests across diverse building types, including residential, small commercial, large commercial, and campus settings. Our results demonstrate that MPC can optimize system operations to achieve load shifting, minimize curtailment of on-site generation, and reduce energy costs by up to 80 %, while maintaining or improving occupant comfort. We also show that MPC can effectively control large assets, such as MW-sized thermal storage systems, and respond to dynamic pricing signals. However, achieving scale remains difficult due to labor-intensive workflows, reliance on a “PhD-in-the-loop” for MPC design and maintenance, susceptibility to fragile data infrastructure, and persistent workforce education and acceptance barriers. To bridge this gap, we outline a transition from bespoke, labor intensive prototypes toward streamlined, segment-targeted deployment strategies that leverage model templates, semantic tools, and generative AI. By automating control configuration and reducing engineering effort, these recommendations provide a pathway for transforming successful research demonstrations into scalable, market ready solutions for MPC-based controls.

Pritoni, Marco↗

Nevada National Security Site Radiological Control Manual

Please have this STIP assigned, documented, and recorded in OSTI as Report Number DOE/NV/03624--0257 Revision 1 and Author as Radiological Control Managers' Council. This manual contains the radiological control requirements to be used for all radiological activities conducted by programs under the purview of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Field Office (NNSA/NFO). (Activities conducted under the purview of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Environmental Management Nevada[(EM Nevada] may require additional approval authorities as described in the EM Nevada Prime Contractor’s implementation plan.) Compliance with these requirements will ensure compliance with Title 10 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 835, “Occupational Radiation Protection.” This manual represents policies, guidelines, and best practices for implementing the DOE/NV/03624--0082, “Nevada National Security Site Radiation Protection Program,” (NNSS RPP) according to the requirements of 10 CFR 835.

61 RADIATION PROTECTION AND DOSIMETRY↗

Co-occurrence of native white-tailed deer and invasive wild pigs: Evidence for competition?

Understanding whether invasive and native species compete for shared resources where they co-occur is essential for mitigating the negative impacts of invasive species on native ecosystems. Here, we examined how the presence and density of an invasive species, wild pigs (Sus scrofa), affect native white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus; hereafter, deer) on the Savannah River Site, SC, USA. We examined potential changes in deer areas of use, temporal overlap, and occupancy to evaluate the effects of wild pig occurrence and density on deer space use, diel activity, and co-occurrence with wild pigs across 9 months during 2018 and 2019. Wild pig density had the strongest effect on deer space use in high- and moderate-use areas. Declines in deer space use in response to wild pig density were most pronounced in March and October 2018 and April 2019 for females, while male space use declined in response to wild pig density in October and December 2018. Both species were largely nocturnal with high overlap in diel activity across months. Deer occupancy responses to wild pig density varied across months, with negative responses in May and October 2018 and positive responses in July 2018 and April 2019. Deer and wild pigs co-occurred at 30%–59% of camera stations across months, with broadscale co-occurrence patterns being unaffected by changes in shared cover or wild pig occurrence. Overall, our results suggest that deer make fine-scale behavioral adjustments to avoid wild pigs, providing evidence that competition is likely occurring even where wild pig density is relatively low. Such fine-scale behavioral plasticity in deer appears to mitigate the costs of competition with wild pigs and may be a mechanism enabling long-term co-existence of deer and wild pigs. Our study provides novel insight on the complexities of spatiotemporal relationships between invasive wild pigs and native deer and suggests that the negative effects of interactions between deer and wild pigs may be more pronounced when deer life history needs are particularly demanding. In areas where eradication of invasive wild pigs may be impossible, maintaining low wild pig densities may help mitigate, but may not eliminate, the negative effects of wild pigs on deer.

resource partitioning↗

High-pressure neutron powder diffraction study of an arsenolite deuterium inclusion compound: structure and formation kinetics

High-pressure variable-temperature neutron powder diffraction was employed to investigate the synthesis and structural properties of arsenolite (As 4 O 6 ), a cubic arsenic( III ) oxide polymorph, and its inclusion compound with deuterium. The compound forms with the stoichiometry As 4 O 6 ·2D 2 , consistent with earlier findings. At 295 K and 1.96(2) GPa, D 2 molecules occupy the 16c site (0, 0, 0) and are aligned along the <111> direction. The diffraction data suggest that the D 2 molecules at this site become rotationally disordered upon decompression to 0.78(2) GPa at 120 K, while no occupancy is observed at the 8a position (⅛, ⅛, ⅛) under any of the studied conditions. The kinetic data of the high-pressure inclusion compound synthesis at 1.56(2) and 1.96(2) GPa were analyzed using the Avrami model. The Avrami exponent, 0.135(16), remains invariant with pressure, demonstrating that the reaction topochemistry is unaffected by compression. Similarly, the reaction rates, 0.29(3) and 0.23(3) min −0.135 at 1.56(2) and 1.96(2) GPa, respectively, exhibit negligible pressure dependence and suggest a surprisingly low activation volume of 1.6 cm 3 mol −1 for the reaction. These results provide detailed insight into the structural dynamics and kinetics of deuterium inclusion in arsenolite under high pressure.

Guńka, Piotr A. [Warsaw University of Technology (↗

Tuning structural, transport, and magnetic properties of epitaxial SrRu O 3 through Ba substitution

The perovskite ruthenates (A RuO 3 , A=Ca, Ba, or Sr) exhibit unique properties owing to a subtle interplay of crystal structure and electronic-spin degrees of freedom. Here, in this study, we demonstrate an intriguing continuous tuning of crystal symmetry from orthorhombic to tetragonal (no octahedral rotations) phases in epitaxial SrRuO 3 achieved via Ba substitution (Sr 1-x Ba x RuO 3 with 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.7 ). An initial Ba substitution to SrRuO 3 not only changes the ferromagnetic properties, but also tunes the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy via flattening the Ru–O–Ru bond angle (to 180°), resulting in the maximum Curie temperature and an extinction of RuO 6 rotational distortions at x≈0.20. For x ≤ 0.2, the reduction of RuO 6 octahedral rotational distortion dominantly enhances the ferromagnetism in the system, though competing with the effect of the RuO 6 tetragonal distortion. Further increasing Ba substitution (x > 0.2) gradually enhances the tetragonal-type distortion, resulting in the tuning of Ru-4d orbital occupancy and suppression of ferromagnetism. Our results demonstrate that isovalent substitution of the A-site cations significantly and controllably impacts both electronic and magnetic properties of perovskite oxides.

75 CONDENSED MATTER PHYSICS, SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND↗

A conformational equilibrium in the nitrogenase MoFe protein with an α-V70I amino acid substitution illuminates the mechanism of H 2 formation

Study of α-V70I-substituted nitrogenase MoFe protein identified Fe6 of FeMo-cofactor (Fe 7 S 9 MoC-homocitrate) as a critical N 2 binding/reduction site. Freeze-trapping this enzyme during Ar turnover captured the key catalytic intermediate in high occupancy, denoted E 4 (4H), which has accumulated 4[e — /H + ] as two bridging hydrides, Fe2–H–Fe6 and Fe3–H–Fe7, and protons bound to two sulfurs. E 4 (4H) is poised to bind/reduce N 2 as driven by mechanistically-coupled H 2 reductive-elimination of the hydrides. This process must compete with ongoing hydride protonation (HP), which releases H 2 as the enzyme relaxes to state E 2 (2H), containing 2[e — /H + ] as a hydride and sulfur-bound proton; accumulation of E 4 (4H) in α-V70I is enhanced by HP suppression. EPR and 95 Mo ENDOR spectroscopies now show that resting-state α-V70I enzyme exists in two conformational states, both in solution and as crystallized, one with wild type (WT)-like FeMo-co and one with perturbed FeMo-co. These reflect two conformations of the Ile residue, as visualized in a reanalysis of the X-ray diffraction data of α-V70I and confirmed by computations. EPR measurements show delivery of 2[e — /H + ] to the E 0 state of the WT MoFe protein and to both α-V70I conformations generating E 2 (2H) that contains the Fe3–H–Fe7 bridging hydride; accumulation of another 2[e — /H + ] generates E 4 (4H) with Fe2–H–Fe6 as the second hydride. E 4 (4H) in WT enzyme and a minority α-V70I E 4 (4H) conformation as visualized by QM/MM computations relax to resting-state through two HP steps that reverse the formation process: HP of Fe2–H–Fe6 followed by slower HP of Fe3–H–Fe7, which leads to transient accumulation of E 2 (2H) containing Fe3–H–Fe7. In the dominant α-V70I E 4 (4H) conformation, HP of Fe2–H–Fe6 is passively suppressed by the positioning of the Ile sidechain; slow HP of Fe3–H–Fe7 occurs first and the resulting E 2 (2H) contains Fe2–H–Fe6. Importantly, it is this HP suppression in E 4 (4H) that enables α-V70I MoFe to accumulate E 4 (4H) in high occupancy. In addition, HP suppression in α-V70I E 4 (4H) kinetically unmasks hydride reductive-elimination without N 2 -binding, a process that is precluded in WT enzyme.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

eDNAjoint: An R package for interpreting paired or semi‐paired environmental DNA and traditional survey data in a Bayesian framework

Abstract Environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling is increasingly used in surveys of species distribution as a potentially sensitive and efficient monitoring method. Yet access to modelling tools designed specifically for interpreting this new data type lags behind its ubiquity. While occupancy modelling software has dominated the analytical landscape for eDNA data analysis of single species, this type of model may not always be the most appropriate. The rate of eDNA detection often corresponds to species density, rather than just occupancy, and researchers often have access to observations from non‐genetic sampling methods at the same sites. To provide users access to a modelling framework designed to maximize the use of all available data, we developed an R package, eDNAjoint . The package provides an easy‐to‐use interface for fitting a ‘joint’ model that integrates data from paired or semi‐paired eDNA and traditional surveys in a Bayesian framework. The model can be used to estimate parameters like the probability of a false positive eDNA detection and mean catch rate at a site, and the package allows access to multiple model variations and Bayesian prior customization. Additional functionality can be used for model selection, summarising posteriors and comparing the relative sensitivities of the two survey methods. We demonstrate the use of eDNAjoint by fitting a variation of the model with site‐level covariates that scale the sensitivity of eDNA sampling relative to traditional sampling. The example workflow uses binary eDNA and seine count data for the endangered tidewater goby ( Eucyclogobius newberryi ) from a study by Schmelzle and Kinziger (2016). This use case includes a prior sensitivity analysis and an evaluation of the relationship between detection rates and environmental variables. eDNAjoint has the potential to greatly increase the range of users who will be able to rigorously analyse eDNA and traditional survey data in a Bayesian framework, understand if and how eDNA can improve monitoring practices, and gain confidence in the interpretability of eDNA data.

Keller, Abigail G. [Department of Environment Scie↗

Atlas of Transcription Factor Binding Sites from ENCODE DNase Hypersensitivity Data across 27 Tissue Types

Characterizing the tissue-specific binding sites of transcription factors (TFs) is essential to reconstruct gene regulatory networks and predict functions for non-coding genetic variation. DNase-seq footprinting enables the prediction of genome-wide binding sites for hundreds of TFs simultaneously. Despite the public availability of high-quality DNase-seq data from hundreds of samples, a comprehensive, up-to-date resource for the locations of genomic footprints is lacking. Here, we develop a scalable footprinting workflow using two state-of-the-art algorithms: Wellington and HINT. We apply our workflow to detect footprints in 192 ENCODE DNase-seq experiments and predict the genomic occupancy of 1,515 human TFs in 27 human tissues. We validate that these footprints overlap true-positive TF binding sites from ChIP-seq. We demonstrate that the locations, depth, and tissue specificity of footprints predict effects of genetic variants on gene expression and capture a substantial proportion of genetic risk for complex traits.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗

Multi-Agency Annual Southeastern Beach Mouse Habitat Occupancy Monitoring

The southeastern beach mouse (Peromyscus polionotus niveiventris, hereafter SEBM), a federally threatened species was identified by Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge (MINWR) as one of the top five priorities for management. The Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Environmental Management Branch was asked to provide support in the form of population monitoring for SEBM on KSC and the surrounding properties. When we began the project, the SEBM was known to occupy sites ranging from Volusia through Brevard and Indian River Counties, but the exact distribution within the Federal lands encompassing the Cape Canaveral Barrier Island Complex (CCBIC) was not well known. The broad range of habitat conditions encompassing the species’ historical range and the diversity of sites historically known to contain SEBM required a landscape-scale approach for both monitoring the population and for investigating species habitat relationships. We designed a monitoring plan for the SEBM with the goal of estimating the habitat occupancy of beach mice annually each winter/spring throughout the entire area of suitable coastal habitat (approximately 72 km linear distance along the beach). Methods were tested in a 2008 pilot study, and during 2010-2018 we monitored the proportion of coastal habitat occupied by the SEBM on the CCBIC. Monitoring was focused on using dynamic habitat occupancy surveys with data collected with rapid assessment techniques (i.e., track tubes or live-traps) to detect SEBM occurrence at sampling stations. An important component of the study design was the use of repeated samples that provided the information needed to estimate detectability. Measuring detectability was required to account for the fact that surveys could fail to detect animals at sites at which they were actually present (Mackenzie et al., 2002). This monitoring framework is very flexible, allowing numerous hypothesis to be tested about how various factors influence beach mouse occupancy using habitat, geographic, and environmental covariates. Our survey has been the longest survey conducted for any of the seven extant beach mouse subspecies and has encompassed nearly the entire remaining range of the SEBM. Although occupancy surveys of other beach mouse subspecies via track tubes have been conducted on the Gulf coast of Florida by Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC), United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), and various universities, we expanded previous methods to fit unique aspects of the SEBM, and thus our study was very different from any of the previous studies. To achieve this specificity, we employed an adaptive approach throughout the study, with all activities aimed at providing managers with information related to environmental compliance and natural resource management on KSC and the surrounding Federal lands.

Eric Douglas Stolen↗

An Anomalous Electron Configuration Among 3d Transition Metal Atoms

Physical properties of materials are mainly determined by valence electron configurations, where different valence shells would induce divergent phenomena. In compounds containing Sc 2+ , 3d electron occupancy is expected, same as other transition metal atoms like Ti 3+ . But this situation still awaits experimental verification. In this work, we selected ScS to measure the valence electron density and orbital population of Sc2+ through delicate quantitative convergent-beam electron diffraction. Though the [Ar]3d 1 configuration is confirmed in ionic Sc 2+ , the unintuitive occupation of 4s orbital is concluded with the absence of 3d orbital features around Sc-atom sites and nearly bare population of t2g orbital. It should be the first time to report this special electron configuration in a transition metal compound, in which 4s rather than 3d orbital is preferred. Our findings reveal the distinct behavior of Sc, and probable ways to modulate material properties by controlling electron orbitals.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

3d-Orbital Occupancy Regulated Ir-Co Atomic Pair Toward Superior Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysis

Atomically dispersed metal catalysts are hailed as the most promising catalyst category for oxygen electrocatalysis. However, the challenges in regulating electronic configuration and unveiling the mechanism on the atomic scale are hindering their practical implementation. Herein, we modulate the Co d-orbital electron configuration by constructing the Ir–Co atomic pair toward boosted bifunctional activity. The as-developed dual-atom IrCo–N–C catalyst displays unprecedented activity with a half-wave potential of 0.911 V for oxygen reduction reaction and only 330 mV overpotential at 10 mA cm –2 for oxygen evolution reaction, outperforming the single-atom counterparts as well as the commercial Pt/C and Ir/C benchmarks. The impressive bifunctionality is also verified in a Zn–air battery prototype with an ultra-high cyclability over 450 cycles. Furthermore, theoretical calculations are performed to shed light on the synergetic effects of the atomic pair site, where the incorporation of Ir atom alters the d-orbital energy level of Co and thus induces the re-arrangement of d-electron toward intensified spin polarization. As a result, the lower occupancy of d z 2 orbital facilitates the electron acceptation from oxygen to form a stronger Co–O σ bond, thereby propelling faster reaction kinetics.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

The electronic Hamiltonian for cuprates

A realistic many-body Hamiltonian for the cuprate superconductors should include both copper d and oxygen p states, hopping matrix elements between them, and Coulomb energies, both on-site and inter-site. We have developed a novel computational scheme for deriving the relevant parameters ab initio from a constrained occupation local density functional. The scheme includes numerical calculation of appropriate Wannier functions for the copper and oxygen states. Explicit parameter values are given for La2CuO4. These parameters are generally consistent with other estimates and with the observed superexchange energy. Secondly, we address whether this complicated multi-band Hamiltonian can be reduced to a simpler one with fewer basis states per unit cell. We propose a mapping onto a new two-band effective Hamiltonian with one copper d and one oxygen p derived state per unit cell. This mapping takes into account the large oxygen-oxygen hopping given by the ab initio calculations.

Annett, James F.↗

Electronic parameters in cobalt-based perovskite-type oxides as descriptors for chemocatalytic reactions

Perovskite-type transition metal (TM) oxides are effective catalysts in oxidation and decomposition reactions. Yet, the effect of compositional variation on catalytic efficacy is not well understood. The present analysis of electronic characteristics of B-site substituted LaCoO3 derivatives via in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) establishes correlations of electronic parameters with reaction rates: TM t2g and eg orbital occupancy yield volcano-type or non-linear correlations with NO oxidation, CO oxidation and N2O decomposition rates. Covalent O 2p-TM 3d interaction, in ultra-high vacuum, is a linear descriptor for reaction rates in NO oxidation and CO oxidation, and for N2O decomposition rates in O2 presence. Covalency crucially determines the ability of the catalytically active sites to interact with surface species during the kinetically relevant step of the reaction. The nature of the kinetically relevant step and of surface species involved lead to the vast effect of XAS measurement conditions on the validity of correlations.

Science & Technology - Other Topics↗

Quantitative Identification of Dopant Occupation in Li‐Rich Cathodes

Elemental doping is widely used to improve the performance of cathode materials in lithium‐ion batteries. However, macroscopic/statistical investigation on how doping sites are distributed in the material lattice, despite being a key prerequisite for understanding and manipulating the doping effect, has not been effectively established. Herein, to solve this predicament, a universal strategy is proposed to quantitatively identify the locations of Al and Mg dopants in lithium‐rich layered oxides (LLOs). Solid evidence confirms that Al prefers to occupy the transition metal (TM) layer, while Mg evenly occupies both TM and Li layers. As a result, Mg significantly reduces the thickness of LiO 2 slabs at room temperature, which will increase the energy barrier of oxygen activation and enhance the structure stability of LLOs. The suppressed oxygen activity in Mg‐doped LLO can be kinetically unlocked at 55 °C. The different characteristics of Al and Mg enlighten an Al/Mg co‐doping strategy to optimize LLOs, which significantly improves the cycle performance while lifting the capacity. In conclusion, these insights from the quantitative identification of doping sites shed light on the manipulation of doping effects toward better cathodes.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗

Effect of Si/Al ratio of ZSM-5 support on structure and activity of Mo species in methane dehydroaromatization

The effect of the Si/Al ratio of the ZSM-5 support on the structure and activity of Mo/HZSM-5 catalysts in methane dehydroaromatization (MDA) was studied. ZSM-5 (with Si/Al = 15, 25, and 40) supported Mo oxide catalysts (MoOx/ZSM-5) with 3 and 10 wt% Mo loading were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation followed by calcination in air at 500 °C. The as-prepared catalysts were activated by temperature programmed reduction in hydrogen in order to maximize Mo dispersion. To understand the structure-activity relationship, the fresh and spent samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), N2 adsorption isotherms, Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (STEM-EDS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS and XANES), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Raman spectroscopy. The results show that the Si/Al ratio does not influence the the local structure around the Mo centers. It does however affect the number of available Brønsted acid sites in the support and the amount of Mo species entering the zeolite channels. A lower Si/Al ratio and higher Mo loading resulted in a higher Mo occupation within the zeolite channels. The higher channel occupation directly correlated with higher benzene selectivity and yield, as well as a lower catalyst deactivation rate.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗

Modeling Savings for ENERGY STAR Smart Home Energy Management Systems

The objective of this study was to develop a repeatable and defensible methodology to analyze the energy savings for Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) that meets the minimum requirements for certification under ENERGY STAR ® Smart Home Energy Management System (SHEMS) Version 1. Mandatory connected loads include a smart thermostat, two smart lights, and one smart power strip or smart outlet. Control strategies must include feedback to occupants through an in-home display, user programming, occupancy sensor-based controls, and responsiveness to utility signals such as demand response programs. Several occupant behavior patterns were selected to quantify the range of energy savings potential for a HEMS with this basic functionality. A literature review was conducted to establish realistic room-by-room occupancy levels and usage patterns for connected devices. A series of event-driven hourly profiles were created, followed by adjustments based on application of HEMS control strategies to thermostats, interior lighting, and plug load schedules. EnergyPlus modeling was performed using these hourly schedules in three locations (Boston, Houston, and Phoenix) to examine climate dependence of energy savings. Total site energy savings ranged from 4.3 to 27.1 MBtu/year (7%-35%), and utility bill savings ranged from $\$$123 to $\$$670/year (6%-29%). The highest predicted savings was realized by occupants that were not energy conscious prior to HEMS installation, but highly engaged with the HEMS controls once the system was installed. The smart thermostat accounted for most of the savings, followed by the smart power strip. Smart lighting did not save a significant amount of energy in our analysis, based on an assumption that efficient LEDs with no standby power would normally be installed anyway.

32 ENERGY CONSERVATION, CONSUMPTION, AND UTILIZATI↗

Medical Support for ISS Crewmember Training in Star City, Russia

Medical support of spaceflight training operations across international lines is a unique circumstance with potential applications to other aerospace medicine support scenarios. KBRwyle's Star City Medical Support Group (SCMSG) has fulfilled this role since the Mir-Shuttle era, with extensive experience and updates to share with the greater AsMA community. OVERVIEW: The current Soyuz training flow for assigned ISS crewmembers takes place in Star City, Russia. Soyuz training flow involves numerous activities that pose potential physical and occupational risks to crewmembers, including centrifuge runs and pressurized suit simulations at ambient and hypobaric pressures. In addition, Star City is a relatively remote location in a host nation with variable access to reliable, Western-standard medical care. For these reasons, NASA's Human Health & Performance contract allocates full-time physician support to assigned ISS crewmembers training in Star City. The Star City physician also treats minor injuries and illnesses as needed for both long- and short-term NASA support personnel traveling in the area, while working to develop and maintain relationships with local health care resources in the event of more serious medical issues that cannot be treated on-site. The specifics of this unique scope of practice will be discussed. SIGNIFICANCE: ISS crewmembers training in Star City are at potential physical and occupational risk of trauma or dysbarism during nominal Soyuz training flow, requiring medical support from an on-duty aerospace medicine specialist. This support maintains human health and performance by preserving crewmember safety and well-being for mission success; sharing information regarding this operational model may contribute to advances in other areas of international, military, and civilian operational aerospace medicine.

Chough, Natacha↗

Medical Support for ISS Crewmember Training in Star City, Russia

Medical support of spaceflight training operations across international lines is a unique circumstance with potential applications to other aerospace medicine support scenarios. KBRwyle's Star City Medical Support Group (SCMSG) has fulfilled this role since the Mir-Shuttle era, with extensive experience and updates to share with the greater AsMA community. OVERVIEW: The current Soyuz training flow for assigned ISS crewmembers takes place in Star City, Russia. Soyuz training flow involves numerous activities that pose potential physical and occupational risks to crewmembers, including centrifuge runs and pressurized suit simulations at ambient and hypobaric pressures. In addition, Star City is a relatively remote location in a host nation with variable access to reliable, Western-standard medical care. For these reasons, NASA's Human Health & Performance contract allocates full-time physician support to assigned ISS crewmembers training in Star City. The Star City physician also treats minor injuries and illnesses as needed for both long- and short-term NASA support personnel traveling in the area, while working to develop and maintain relationships with local health care resources in the event of more serious medical issues that cannot be treated on-site. The specifics of this unique scope of practice will be discussed. SIGNIFICANCE: ISS crewmembers training in Star City are at potential physical and occupational risk of trauma or dysbarism during nominal Soyuz training flow, requiring medical support from an on-duty aerospace medicine specialist. This support maintains human health and performance by preserving crewmember safety and well-being for mission success; sharing information regarding this operational model may contribute to advances in other areas of international, military, and civilian operational aerospace medicine.

Chough, Natacha↗