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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Features of the first operational nickel hydrogen battery are described as well as experiences encountered during its testing and installation. Battery performance since launching of the NTS-2 satellite is discussed.
The battery was a three ampere hour nickel cadmium prismatic cell. The battery consists of 20 cells connected in series and there were two batteries per spacecraft. The battery operations (voltage and temperature) that the spacecraft sees during a normal operational day are discussed.
Previous reports have shown how a battery model was developed using porous electrode theory. Since then the model has been upgraded and expanded. These upgrades include oxygen reation and positive electrode intercalation and proton diffusion. The effects of additional details of the solid state physics of the nickel electrode will be reported here.
Ethylene/methyl acrylate copolymer synthesis for silver-zinc battery separators
Nonmagnetic hermetically sealed battery case made of epoxy resin and woven glass tape for use with electrochemical cells in spacecraft
Power is essential for crewed and uncrewed spaceflight operations. Spacecraft batteries are designed and tested to be safe under extreme environmental conditions.
Molten salt battery has been developed with theoretical energy density of 5.2 j/kg (650 W-h/lb). Battery, which operates at 150 C, can be used in primary mode or as rechargeable battery. Battery has aluminum anode and chlorine cathode. Electrolyte is mixture of AlCl3, NaCl, and some alkali metal halide such as KCl.
Simulator verifies proper operation of a battery cell voltage-monitoring device. It also contains variable ac voltage to ascertain that a battery scanner will perform its function at all possible ac voltages.
Method of constructing nickel cadmium batteries prevents excessive gas buildup and allows hermetic sealing of battery for increased service life and reduced maintenance cost.
Rechargeable high energy density battery based on aluminum and chlorine carbon electrodes and molten aluminum chloride-alkali chloride eutectic as electrolyte
Ionic transport characteristics of ionenes, insoluble membranes from soluble polyelectrolyte compositions, are studied for possible application in a battery separator. Effectiveness of the thin film of separator membrane essentially determines battery lifetime.
Sections of this discussion include: a mission overview of the Mars Pathfinder Project; battery requirements; Ag-Zn technology assessment; EM battery performance; and summary and conclusions.
It is argued that sophisticated battery control systems are required to support the high power, high energy spacecraft secondary battery systems of the post 1985 time period. Four categories of battery control system functions are defined and discussed: battery operational control, auxiliary system control, battery system status indication and fault detection fault isolation. A concept for implementation of such a control system is also presented and discussed.
A battery cell balancing system is operable to utilize a relatively small number of transformers interconnected with a battery having a plurality of battery cells to selectively charge the battery cells. Windings of the transformers are simultaneously driven with a plurality of waveforms whereupon selected battery cells or groups of cells are selected and charged. A transformer drive circuit is operable to selectively vary the waveforms to thereby vary a weighted voltage associated with each of the battery cells.
Absorber evaluation of alkaline battery separator systems with electrolyte wetting and wicking measurement
The engineering team in the Propulsion and Power Division designs, develops, tests and evaluates electric power and safe battery system solutions.
The battery design of OAO-C (OAO-3) is given and consists of three-20 ampere hour 22 series connected cells in the battery. There are three batteries per spacecraft. The packaging configuration is described. The charging-discharging operations and the voltage potential of the battery system are discussed. Graphs are presented for the voltage limits (battery voltage versus temperature) and end of dark voltages (battery voltage versus ampere-hours discharged) of the battery system used on OAO-3. Data tables are also presented which give a summary of the battery performance and a comparison of OAO-3 with OAO A-2.
The Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) silver/zinc (Ag/Zn) battery is an 11 cell battery of approximately 30 AH. The Ag/Zn battery is comprised of two 4-cell monoblocks and one 3-cell monoblock. A discussion of a wet-life extension test performed on the battery is given in viewgraph form.