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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Optimal power flow in distribution networks under stochastic N − 1 disruptions
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Electromagnetic model for finite element analyses of plasma disruption events used in the design phase of the COMPASS-U tokamak
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A cost-based criterion for implementing data-driven disruption predictors
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Design of a shattered pellet injector and preliminary bench tests of Ne pellet formation for EAST disruption mitigation
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Density regulation with disruption avoidance in next-generation tokamaks using a safe reinforcement learning-based controller
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Serum concentrations of persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals in U.S. military personnel: A comparison by race/ethnicity and sex
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Evaluating the impacts of major transportation disruptions – San Francisco Bay Area case study
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Sensitivity of future regional and global energy markets and macroeconomic activity to a hypothetical global energy market disruption
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RetS inhibits Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation by disrupting the canonical histidine kinase dimerization interface of GacS
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A variant of the MenB strain of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 disrupts a stress response pathway allowing DMPBQ to occupy the A 1 sites of photosystem I
Phylloquinone (PhQ) plays a unique role in photosynthesis as the A1A and A1B intermediates in light-driven electron transfer in Photosystem I (PSI). When PhQ biosynthesis is inhibited by deletion of the menB gene in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, previous studies have shown that plastoquinone-9 (PQ-9) occupies the A 1 sites. However, a recent cryo-electron microscopy structure of a strain of ΔmenB from the year 2023 revealed an unusual quinone in the A 1 sites with a benzoquinone headgroup similar to PQ-9 and a phytyl tail similar to PhQ. Here, we investigate its biosynthesis and binding properties. Mass spectrometry confirms that PSI from the 2023 ΔmenB strain contains 2,3-dimethyl-5-phytyl-1,4-benzoquinone (DMPBQ), while PSI from the original strain contains PQ-9. Whole genome sequencing reveals that a mutation in slr1737 (tocopherol cyclase) leads to the accumulation of DMPBQ, an intermediate in the tocopherol biosynthetic pathway. Transient optical and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy studies show that when DMPBQ occupies the A 1 sites, it does not exchange with exogenously supplied PhQ in contrast to PQ-9, which exchanges readily. We propose that the slr1737 mutation in the 2023 ΔmenB strain is a likely candidate for the source of the phenotype. This new strain has sacrificed tocopherol synthesis, the absence of which is known to have no effect on growth under low stress conditions, resulting in incorporation of DMPBQ in the A 1 sites. The tighter binding and function of DMPBQ likely allow this ΔmenB strain to outcompete its peers under optimal growth conditions and thus dominate the population.
Integrated lipidomic and proteomic profiling reveals metabolic network disruption by SARS-CoV-2 variants
The rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has produced myriad viral strains with increasing transmissibility and capacity for immune evasion. While effective vaccination campaigns have reduced the fatalities associated with SARS-CoV-2, infections continue, and a detailed understanding of how this virus manipulates host biochemical pathways remains elusive. We asked both whether the patterns of host lipid rewiring remained consistent across variants and whether the changes in the abundance of lipid classes are related to changes in the expression of the enzymes involved in their biosynthesis. We compared global nontargeted lipidomics on A549-ACE2 cells infected with the delta variant (B.1.617.2), or the omicron (B.1.1.529) variant to our previous results of global nontargeted lipidomics on A549-ACE2 cells infected with the original WA1 strain and further performed quantitative proteomics to assess changes in the host proteome. We found that metabolic rewiring, both on the lipid and the enzymatic level, is remarkably consistent across all three variants. We further mapped changes in the expression of host metabolic enzymes, linking enzyme expression to alterations in the abundance of specific lipids during infection. This analysis identified key proteins related to virus-mediated changes in lipid abundance, including fatty acid synthase (FASN), lysosomal acid lipase (LIPA), and ORMDL, a regulator of sphingolipid biosynthesis. These integrated lipidomic and proteomic experiments shed light on the importance of the complex network of host metabolism networks that support SARS-CoV-2 infection and suggest that lipid metabolism may be a promising avenue for uncovering conserved therapeutic targets.
SLAP2 Adaptor Binding Disrupts c-CBL Autoinhibition to Activate Ubiquitin Ligase Function
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Effector-mediated membrane disruption controls cell death in CBASS antiphage defense
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