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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 253 records · Page 14
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NASA NTRS1992

GPS Interferometry

This semi-annual progress report provides an overview of the work performed during the first six months of Grant NAG 1 1423, titled 'GPS Interferometry'. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based positioning and timing system. Through the use of interferometric processing techniques, it is feasible to obtain sub-decimeter position accuracies for an aircraft in flight. The proposed duration of this Grant is three years. During the first year of the Grant, the efforts are focussed on two topics: (1) continued development of GPS Interferometry core technology; and (2) rapid technology demonstration of GPS interferometry through the design and implementation of a flight reference/autoland system. Multipath error has been the emphasis of the continued development of GPS Interferometry core technology. The results have been documented in a Doctoral Dissertation and a conference paper. The design and implementation of the flight reference/autoland system is nearing completion. The remainder of this progress report summarizes the architecture of this system.

Vangrass, Frank↗
NASA NTRS1990

Pitfalls

Though potentially of great benefit to the nation, the experience of the workshop participants and their discussions with Sea Grant and Land Grant officials make it clear that the Space Grant Program must avoid certain pitfalls of the past and present if it is to be successful. The most important of these are listed and briefly discussed.

Triffet, Terry↗
NASA NTRS1993

Geometric modeling for computer aided design

Over the past several years, it has been the primary goal of this grant to design and implement software to be used in the conceptual design of aerospace vehicles. The work carried out under this grant was performed jointly with members of the Vehicle Analysis Branch (VAB) of NASA LaRC, Computer Sciences Corp., and Vigyan Corp. This has resulted in the development of several packages and design studies. Primary among these are the interactive geometric modeling tool, the Solid Modeling Aerospace Research Tool (smart), and the integration and execution tools provided by the Environment for Application Software Integration and Execution (EASIE). In addition, it is the purpose of the personnel of this grant to provide consultation in the areas of structural design, algorithm development, and software development and implementation, particularly in the areas of computer aided design, geometric surface representation, and parallel algorithms.

Schwing, James L.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Computational gearing mechanics

This is an expository report summarizing the research efforts and results under NASA Grant NSG-3188 to the University of Cincinnati. Since the grant has now ended this report also serves as a final report for the grant. The focus of the research has been computational gearing mechanics. Research on gear geometry, gear stress, and gear dynamics is discussed. Current research and planned future efforts are also discussed. A comprehensive bibliography is presented.

Huston, Ronald L.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Research summary

The final report for progress during the period from 15 Nov. 1988 to 14 Nov. 1991 is presented. Research on methods for analysis of sound propagation through the atmosphere and on results obtained from application of our methods are summarized. Ten written documents of NASA research are listed, and these include publications, manuscripts accepted, submitted, or in preparation for publication, and reports. Twelve presentations of results, either at scientific conferences or at research or technical organizations, since the start of the grant period are indicated. Names of organizations to which software produced under the grant was distributed are provided, and the current arrangement whereby the software is being distributed to the scientific community is also described. Finally, the names of seven graduate students who worked on NASA research and received Rensselaer degrees during the grant period, along with their current employers are given.

Siegmann, W. L.↗
NASA NTRS1994

Final Technical Report

This grant supported research into uses of the 'Hubble Space Telescope' Guide Star Selection System data base for important astrophysical problems ancillary to HST observations. The initial focus was to use the data to survey the frequency of wide binary stars at high galactic latitude, as a probe of local dark matter. In the course of this work, it was also discovered that the data base could be used for a purpose never envisaged by its designers, namely, detection of proper motions in faint stars. Some further evaluation of this capability supported by the grant led to the discovery of an entirely new class of stellar object, namely the dwarf carbon star. Publications supported by this grant, including both papers in refereed journals, and also two Ph.D. thesis dissertations, are described briefly.

Margon, Bruce↗
NASA NTRS1992

Electronic and total energy properties of ternary and quaternary semiconductor compounds, alloys and superlattices

This proposal was mainly concerned with the theoretical study of semiconductor compounds, alloys, and superlattices of interest for photovoltaic applications. In the last year (1991) a study was devoted to metal/graphite bonding in relation to use of graphite fiber reinforcement of Cu for high thermal conductivity applications. The main research topics addressed during the full period of the grant are briefly described: studies of the In-Ga-As ternary system; band-offsets at common anion and InAs/GaSb/AlSb heterojunctions; alloy theory (cluster variation method); and Cu/graphite bonding. Most of the work was described more extensively in previous yearly reports and renewal applications and in publications. The last topic is described more fully in a separate report attached. A list of publications resulting directly from this grant or from other grants but related to this work and of conference presentations is given at the end.

Lambrecht, Walter R. L.↗
NASA NTRS1991

Analysis and interpretation of high energy cosmic rays measured on Spacelab-2

Under the contract with NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center (NAS8-32828) the University of Chicago designed, built and delivered the CRN instrument for flight in the Spacelab-2 configuration. The instrument was flown from July 29 to August 5, 1985 on the Space Shuttle Challenger. The performance of our experiment was entirely successful and we reached our scientific goals. The contract included funds for the first year of data analysis. Further data analysis was carried out under the grant NAGW-1311 which ran from January 1, 1988 through December 31, 1990, and on which we report. The final products of this grant are the published scientific papers with the results from the experiment. We attach copies of the papers that have been published to date, and which we consider the most important part of this report. However, in order to put them into context we give a brief account of the project as a whole for which the grant covered the final phase.

Mueller, Dietrich↗
NASA NTRS1993

Scanning tunneling microscopy studies of diamond films and optoelectronic materials

In this report, we report on progress achieved from 12/1/92 to 10/1/93 under the grant entitled 'Scanning Tunneling Microscopy Studies of Diamond Films and Optoelectronic Materials'. We have set-up a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond film growth system and a Raman spectroscopy system to study the nucleation and growth of diamond films with atomic resolution using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). A unique feature of the diamond film growth system is that diamond films can be transferred directly to the ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) chamber of a scanning tunneling microscope without contaminating the films by exposure to air. The University of North Texas (UNT) provided $20,000 this year as matching funds for the NASA grant to purchase the diamond growth system. In addition, UNT provided a Coherent Innova 90S Argon ion laser, a Spex 1404 double spectrometer, and a Newport optical table costing $90,000 to set-up the Raman spectroscopy system. The CVD diamond growth system and Raman spectroscopy system will be used to grow and characterize diamond films with atomic resolution using STM as described in our proposal. One full-time graduate student and one full-time undergraduate student are supported under this grant. In addition, several graduate and undergraduate students were supported during the summer to assist in setting-up the diamond growth and Raman spectroscopy systems. We have obtained research results concerning STM of the structural and electronic properties of CVD grown diamond films, and STM and scanning tunneling spectroscopy of carbon nanotubes. In collaboration with the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) group at UNT, we have also obtained results concerning the optoelectronic material siloxene. These results were published in refereed scientific journals, submitted for publication, and presented as invited and contributed talks at scientific conferences.

Perez, Jose M.↗
NASA NTRS1992

Cosmic and solar gamma ray and neutron experiments

This report summarizes the results of the research supported by NASA grant NAGW-2734 and lists the papers and publications produced through the grant. The basic goal of the work was to complete analysis of data from exposure of a large NaI scintillation detector to fast neutrons and to disseminate the results of the analysis. A secondary goal was to compare the measured detector response to neutrons with Monte Carlo calculations of the response. In Section 2.0, we discuss the goals of the research. In Section 3.0, we summarize the results of the research. In Section 4.0, we list the papers and publications produced under the grant. Preprints or reprints of the publications are attached as appendices.

Dunphy, Philip P.↗
NASA NTRS1992

X ray observations of late-type stars using the ROSAT all-sky survey

The ROSAT mission made the first x ray survey of the entire sky using an imaging detector. Although ROSAT is a joint NASA/German project and involves direct American participation during its second phase of pointed observations, the all-sky survey remains the sole property of the German investigators. NASA grant represented the first use of ROSAT data analysis funds to support direct American participation in the ROSAT all-sky survey. The project involved a collaborative agreement between the Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics (JILA) and the Max-Planck-Institut fur Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE) where JILA supplied MPE with a post-doctoral research associate with experience in the field of stellar (coronal) x ray emission to work within their ROSAT group. In return, members of the cool star research group at JILA were given the opportunity to collaborate on projects involving ROSAT all-sky survey data. Both sides have benefitted (and still benefit) from this arrangement since MPE suffers from a shortage of researchers who are interested in x ray emission from 'normal' stars and white dwarfs. MPE has also drawn upon experience in optical identification of x ray sources from the Einstein Extended Medium Sensitivity Survey in planning their own identification strategies for the ROSAT all-sky survey. The JILA cool stars group has benefitted since access to all-sky survey data has expanded the scope of their already extensive research programs involving multiwavelength observations of late-type stars. ROSAT was successfully launched on 1 June 1990 and conducted the bulk of the survey from 30 July 1990 to 25 January 1991. Data gaps in the survey have subsequently been made up. At the time of this writing (February 1992), the survey data have been processed once with the Standard Analysis Software System (SASS). A second processing will soon begin with improvements made to the SASS to correct errors and bugs found while carrying out scientific projects with data from the first processing. We outline the major research activities of Dr. Fleming over the past year (detailed accounts of his activities during the first two years of this grant can be found in the first-year and second-year status reports on this grant). Regarding the three specific projects which were proposed in the original proposal, two of them (White Dwarfs and Late M Dwarfs) are near completion. The results are described in two conference proceedings which are appended.

Linsky, Jeffrey L.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Physics of magnetospheric boundary layers

The central ideas of this grant are that the magnetospheric boundary layers link disparate regions of the magnetosphere together, and the global behavior of the magnetosphere can be understood only by understanding the linking mechanisms. Accordingly the present grant includes simultaneous research on the global, meso-, and micro-scale physics of the magnetosphere and its boundary layers. These boundary layers include the bow shock, magnetosheath, the plasma sheet boundary layer, and the ionosphere. Analytic, numerical and simulation projects have been performed on these subjects, as well as comparison of theoretical results with observational data. Very good progress has been made, with four papers published or in press and two additional papers submitted for publication during the six month period 1 June - 30 November 1993. At least two projects are currently being written up. In addition, members of the group have given papers at scientific meetings. The further structure of this report is as follows: section two contains brief accounts of research completed during the last six months, while section three describes the research projects intended for the grant's final period.

Cairns, I. H.↗
NASA NTRS1993

Use of negotiated rulemaking in developing technical rules for low-Earth orbit mobile satellite systems

Technical innovations have converged with the exploding market demand for mobile telecommunications to create the impetus for low-earth orbit (LEO) communications satellite systems. The so-called 'Little LEO's' propose use of VHF and UHF spectrum to provide position - location and data messaging services. The so-called 'Big LEO's' propose to utilize the RDSS bands to provide voice and data services. In the United States, several applications were filed with the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to construct and operate these mobile satellite systems. To enable the prompt introduction of such new technology services, the FCC is using innovative approaches to process the applications. Traditionally, when the FCC is faced with 'mutually exclusive' applications, e.g. a grant of one would preclude a grant of the others, it uses selection mechanisms such as comparative hearings or lotteries. In the case of the LEO systems, the FCC has sought to avoid these time-consuming approaches by using negotiated rulemakings. The FCC's objective is to enable the multiple applicants and other interested parties to agree on technical and service rules which will enable the grant of all qualified applications. With regard to the VHF/UHF systems, the Advisory Committee submitted a consensus report to the FCC. The process for the systems operating in the bands above 1 GHz involved more parties and more issues but still provided the FCC useful technical information to guide the adoption of rules for the new mobile satellite service.

Taylor, Leslie A.↗
NASA NTRS1994

Earth observational research using multistage EOS-like data

This grant was funded as a part of a program in which both research and educational impact were intended. Research work under this grant is directed at the understanding and use of future hyperspectral data such as that from imaging spectrometers. Specifically, the objectives of the work were: to prepare suitable means for analyzing data from sensors which have large numbers of spectral bands, to advance the fundamental understanding of the manner in which soils and vegetative materials reflect high spectral resolution optical wavelength radiation, and to maximize the impact of the results on the educational community. Over the life of the grant, the work has thus involved basic earth science research and information system technique understanding and development in a mutually supportive way. However, during the later years it became necessary to focus the work primarily on the first and last areas, due to a steadily decreasing level of effort.

Johannsen, C. J.↗
NASA NTRS1994

Modelling directional solidification

This grant, NAG8-831, was a continuation of a previous grant, NAG8-541. The long range goal of this program has been to develop an improved understanding of phenomena of importance to directional solidification, in order to enable explanation and prediction of differences in behavior between solidification on Earth and in space. Emphasis in the recently completed grant was on determining the influence of perturbations on directional solidification of InSb and InSb-GaSb alloys. In particular, the objective was to determine the influence of spin-up/spin-down (ACRT), electric current pulses and vibrations on compositional homogeneity and grain size.

Wilcox, William R.↗
NASA NTRS1994

Early differentiation of the Moon: Experimental and modeling studies and experimental and modeling studies of massif anorthosites

NASA grant NAG9-329 was in effect from 3/1/89 to 8/31/94, the last 18 months being a no-cost extension. While the grant was in effect, the P.I., coworkers, and students gave 22 talks and poster sessions at professional meetings, published 12 articles in referred journals (one more is in press, and another is in review), and edited 2 workshop reports relevant to this project. Copies of all the publications are appended to this report. The major accomplishments during the grant period have derived from three quarters: 1) the application of quantitative models of fractional crystallization and partial melting to various problems in planetary science, such as the petrogenesis of picritic glasses and mare basalts and the implications of the SNC meteorites for martian evolution; 2) an experimental study of silicate liquid immiscibility relevant to early lunar differentiation and the petrogenesis of evolved highlands rocks; and 3) experimental studies of massif anorthosites and related rocks that provide terrestrial analogs for the proposed origin of lunar anorthosites by multistage processes. The low-pressure aspects of the quantitative models were developed by the P.I. in the 1980s with NASA support and culminated with a paper comparing the crystallization of terrestrial and lunar lavas. The basis for the high-pressure modifications to the quantitative models is a data set gleaned from high pressure melting experiments done at Lamont and is supplemented by published data from other labs that constrain the baric and compositional dependences of various liquidus phase boundaries such as olivine/orthopyroxene, relevant to the melting of the mantles of the terrestrial planets. With these models it is possible to predict not only the thermal and compositional evolution of magmatic liquids ranging in composition from lumar mare basalt to terrestrial calc-alkaline basalts, but also the small increments of fractional melting that are produced when mantle rises adiabatically. Copies of the crystallization/melting programs have been given to several colleagues in planetary science. Additionally, a series of computer graphics programs, based on the algorithms in the crystallization programs have been developed that display liquidus diagrams appropriate to input compositions.

Longhi, John↗
NASA NTRS1994

Overview of magnetospheric research

During the funding period for NASA Grant NAG5-1480 which prior to December, 1, 1990 was known as NASA Grant NAGW-78, the group has made substantial progress on the various topics originally proposed. The research performed has resulted in two Ph.D. Theses, more than 50 refereed papers in various journals and conference proceedings, and 31 invited and 104 contributed talks at conferences and symposia throughout the world. The main results from this work are summarized in each of the sections outlined in the original proposal, followed by a complete list of the group publications associated with this grant, a list of all invited talks given during the last three years, and finally a listing of the contributed talks. Research topics include global magnetohydrodynamic simulations, structure of the dayside magnetopause, merging at the dayside magnetopause, polar wind, plasma waves in the distant magnetotail, slow shocks in the distant magnetotail, collisionless tearing instabilities in the magnetotail, and other problems.

Ashour-Abdalla, Maha↗
NASA NTRS1994

The role of fretting corrosion and fretting fatigue in aircraft rivet hole cracking

Personnel in the Quality and Integrity Design Engineering Center (QIDEC) at the University of Utah are working under a two year grant from the FAA to better understand the role of fretting corrosion and fretting fatigue in aircraft rivet hole cracking. The current program follows a one year grant program which was completed in 1993. This paper provides a status report on the results of these grant programs. Recent effort has been focused on developing basic fretting fatigue models which consider variation in the coefficient of friction with time and location within the fretting interface. This is a very important characteristic of the QIDEC model because coefficient of friction varies significantly during the fretting fatigue process. Copies of QIDEC documents discussed in this paper can be obtained by contacting the authors.

Elliott, Charles B., III↗