Study of efficient transmission and reception of image-type data using millimeter waves
Evaluation of signal processing and modulation techniques for transmission and reception of image type data via millimeter wave relay satellites
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Evaluation of signal processing and modulation techniques for transmission and reception of image type data via millimeter wave relay satellites
Nonreciprocal devices using solid state magnetoplasmas at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths
Effects of parasitic impedances on conversion loss of millimeter wave mixers utilizing ion bombarded silicon and gallium arsenide
Fence guide waveguide on dielectric substrate for millimeter wave, applying to power dividers, directional couplers, hybrid rings and resonators
Millimeter emission lines from interstellar methyl cyanide transitions, noting kinetic temperature and hydrogen density
Polarized solar radio emission at millimeter wavelength in active regions associated with sunspot magnetic fields
Millimeter and submillimeter wave radiation detection by paramagnetic materials, noting noise equivalent power dependence on various parameters
An attempt was made to calculate the depolarization effects of rain on linearly or elliptically polarized millimeter waves. Results are given in graphs and tables.
A study is made of the suitability of the interaction between a thin, solid, spiraling electron beam of 5-15-kV energy and a microwave cavity, for the purpose of generating watts of CW millimeter-wave power. The effect of finite energy spread in the electron beam is considered both theoretically and experimentally. Measured results are given for a prototype device operating at 9.4 GHz. Power outputs of 5 W and electronic efficiencies near 2% have been obtained. The data agree well with the theory, subject to some ambiguity in the energy-distribution parameters. The performance is strongly limited by the energy spread in the beam.
The first space communications system operating at millimeter wavelengths is planned for the sixth Applications Technology Satellite (ATS-F), scheduled for launch in May of 1973. The ATS-F experiment is designed to provide engineering data on wideband space-to-earth transmissions at 20 and 30 GHz as a function of meteorological conditions and modulation techniques. The system design for both the spacecraft and ground station portions of the experiment is presented, and the unique design characteristics of these relatively new and unexplored frequency bands are emphasized. The experiment is designed to provide wideband 1440-MHz propagation links and 40-Megabit communications links with simultaneous operation at 20, 30, and 4 GHz for link comparisons.
Parabolic reflectors fabricated from Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) composite material will not distort their shape by more than 3 percent of millimeter wavelength, despite large temperature differences on reflector surfaces. CFRP has zero thermal expansion. It is derived from charred polyacrylonitrite plastic filaments that are combined with epoxy resin.
Forty-millimeter-bore ball bearings with lead- and lead-alloy-coated retainers were operated in liquid hydrogen at 30,000 rpm under a thrust load of 1780 N (400 lb.) Four different substrate materials were used for the retainer. Longer bearing run times were achieved with a lead-tin-copper alloy coating plated onto a leaded-bronze material (22.5 hr) and an aluminum-bronze alloy (19.3 hr). One bearing with a pure lead coating achieved the desired objective of 10 hr. This bearing had an aluminum - bronze substrate retainer and ran successfully for 12.4 hr. Additions of antimony to the lead provided an alloy coating with better wear resistance than pure lead; however, this coating was abrasive to the outer-race lands.
The mixer consists of a small metallic wafer, in which are embedded the semiconductor diodes, the waveguide mount is used to couple the diode wafer to the signal circuit, an RF tuning element, and a 3 mm coaxial connector for the IF output terminal. The cross-sectional dimension is that of the waveguide flange (19 mm x 19 mm, 0.75" x 0.75"), the overall length is nominally 25 mm (1.0 inch). This component is to be used as a single-ended RF mixer with four replacement mixer diodes, operating in the three millimeter wavelength band.
Measurement and analysis data on the depolarization and attenuation that occur when millimeter wave radio signals propagate through rain are reported.
A fixed-baseline millimeter-wave interferometer, operating initially at 13.5 mm, has been put into operation at the Hat Creek Observatory as the first step in the development of a two-element aperture synthesis telescope. The first system consists of a 3-m antenna and a 6-m antenna spaced 265 m apart. Large receiver bandwidths may be used at high frequencies, and this system employs an intermediate frequency bandwidth of about 400 MHz. The instrument has been used to derive accurate absolute positions of interstellar water vapor sources, to study Mercury, Venus, and Mars, and to make crude maps of a few complex continuum sources. The synthesis telescope, the next stage, has two 6-m antennas which can be located at various stations on a T-shaped track. The east-west leg is 300 m and the north-south leg is 200 m, permitting full synthesis for sources on the equator and at declinations as low as -30 deg as well as at high declinations.
The measurement and analysis of the depolarization and attenuation that occur when millimeter wave radio signals propagate through rain are described. Progress was made in three major areas: the processing of recorded 1972 data, acquisition and processing of a large amount of 1973 data, and the development of a new theoretical model to predict rain cross polarization and attenuation. Each of these topics is described in detail along with radio frequency system design for cross polarization measurements.
Solar burst observations in the region above 10 GHz (wavelengths less than 3 cm.) are discussed. Observations have shown that many major solar events have large millimeter wave components. The total burst radio energy is frequently concentrated in this part of the spectrum. Graphs are presented showing the peak flux density spectrum for bursts on specific dates. Microwave burst mean duration is plotted as a function of the particle energy.
The influence of polarization on millimeter wave propagation through rain is investigated. The experimental equipment consisted of a 1.43 km line-of-sight path with 4-foot diameter dual-polarized parabolic reflector antennas at each end. Linearly polarized 17.65 GHz signals were transmitted with the electric field vectors at plus 45 degrees and minus 45 degrees from the vertical. These polarizations were initially chosen to maximize the measured depolarization at any given rainfall rate. Later it was discovered that the cross polarization levels measured with plus or minus 45 degree linearly polarized signals are theoretically the least sensitive to variations in drop canting angle and this choice of polarization reduces the scatter in the data.