VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY CONSIDERATIONS FOR A SOLAR PROBE
Feasible solar probes from present planned vehicle technology - saturn rocket - centaur vehicle
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Feasible solar probes from present planned vehicle technology - saturn rocket - centaur vehicle
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Values of total drag coefficient were measured for four round-nosed bodies of revolution in free flight at Mach numbers from 0.6 to 1.5 and Reynolds numbers from 10 x 10(6) to 50 x 10(6). The bodies were designed by rounding off the sharp, fineness-ratio-3.56 nose of a previously tested configuration. The nose radii tested were 27.4, 38.7, 80.6, and 100 percent of the maximum body radius and corresponded to values of 0.075, 0.150, 0.650, and 1.000, respectively, for the ratio of nose-sphere frontal area to body frontal area. The body having least bluntness did not differ appreciably in drag from the pointed-nose body. The others showed marked increases in supersonic drag with increasing bluntness. (author)
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Cryogenic propulsion systems are subjected to various engine start environments during ground testing, first burn, and restart after orbital coast. These operational modes necessitate careful engine-stage integration, particularly in thermal control of propellant feed systems and engine subsystems. The wide range of operational conditions imposed on propellant feed systems include varying heat loads and acceleration forces for static test first burn and orbital restart. One method used to provide Net Positive Suctign,Head (NPSH) and maintain turbopump I is thermal control propellant circulation through the feed system prior to engine start. The attendant design and operational criteria are inter-related with stage and vehicle systems, including for example, auxiliary propulsion and propellant ullaging methods such as propellant tank propulsive venting. Thermally sensitive engine components require environmental control, protection, or special sequencing in order to assure repeatable engine start performance. An example is thrust chamber pre-chill to avoid pump stall during rapid start transient. Trends in engine development are toward expanding system flexibility to accommodate the wide variety of environments without special pre-start conditioning.
At the NASA Lewis Research Center, the launch vehicle gross lift-off weight (GLOW) was analyzed for solid particle feed systems that use high-energy density atomic propellants (ref. 1). The analyses covered several propellant combinations, including atoms of aluminum, boron, carbon, and hydrogen stored in a solid cryogenic particle, with a cryogenic liquid as the carrier fluid. Several different weight percents for the liquid carrier were investigated, and the GLOW values of vehicles using the solid particle feed systems were compared with that of a conventional oxygen/hydrogen (O2/H2) propellant vehicle. Atomic propellants, such as boron, carbon, and hydrogen, have an enormous potential for high specific impulse Isp operation, and their pursuit has been a topic of great interest for decades. Recent and continuing advances in the understanding of matter, the development of new technologies for simulating matter at its most basic level, and manipulations of matter through microtechnology and nanotechnology will no doubt create a bright future for atomic propellants and an exciting one for the researchers exploring this technology.
Maximum range trajectories for rocket propelled lunar flying vehicles in uniform gravitational field
Impingement of condensed rocket exhaust gases upon proximate space vehicles
This conference publication includes various abstracts and presentations given at the 13th Workshop for Computational Fluid Dynamic Applications in Rocket Propulsion and Launch Vehicle Technology held at the George C. Marshall Space Flight Center April 25-27 1995. The purpose of the workshop was to discuss experimental and computational fluid dynamic activities in rocket propulsion and launch vehicles. The workshop was an open meeting for government, industry, and academia. A broad number of topics were discussed including computational fluid dynamic methodology, liquid and solid rocket propulsion, turbomachinery, combustion, heat transfer, and grid generation.
The purpose of the workshop was to discuss experimental and computational fluid dynamic activities in rocket propulsion and launch vehicles. The workshop was an open meeting for government, industry, and academia. A broad number of topics were discussed including computational fluid dynamic methodology, liquid and solid rocket propulsion, turbomachinery, combustion, heat transfer, and grid generation.
Base-mounted landing rocket system for Apollo- type vehicle evaluated for heat-shield water pressure, ground effect, vehicle dynamics, etc
Base-mounted landing rocket system for Apollo type vehicle evaluated for heat-shield water pressure, ground effect, vehicle dynamics, etc