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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 271 records · Page 15
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NASA NTRS1978

A new, compact far-infrared source in the W31 region

In a survey of the W31 region, a compact far-infrared source was detected at the position of the radio continuum source G 10.6-0.4. Associated with this infrared source and in close coincidence with its position is an H II region with a compact core and extended halo as well as OH and H2O masers. An extended molecular cloud, centered on these sources, has also been detected. The compact source and associated masers may be located at the H II region-molecular-cloud interface in a thin shocked layer of neutral gas driven into the molecular cloud by the expansion of the H II region. The compact H II region is depleted of dust and must be surrounded by a very dense shell of dust and gas (hydrogen number density in excess of 200,000 per cu cm). The source probably represents an early stage of stellar evolution.

Fazio, G. G.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Possible X-ray counterparts of gamma-ray sources

The results are presented of a survey regarding the X-ray source positions which fall within the error boxes of 10 unidentified gamma-ray sources observed with the aid of the COS-B satellite. In three cases, including CG 135-1, CG 312-1, and CG 327-0, an X-ray source was found within the gamma-ray error box. However, because of the large uncertainty regarding the gamma-ray source positions, the positional coincidence is not necessarily conclusive. It is, therefore, necessary to take into account additional information on the spectral or temporal characteristics of the X-ray sources. It is found that the X-ray source 4U 02416 plus 1 is a possible candidate as the X-ray-counterpart of CG 135 plus 1 in connection with both spectral hardness characteristics and positional coincidence.

Maraschi, L.↗
NASA NTRS1978

A high declination search at 8 GHz for compact radio sources

With the Haystack-NRAO interferometer (baseline length of 20 million wavelengths at 3.8 cm) 37 sources were observed whose declinations were above 50 deg. Seven of these sources have compact cores with diameters smaller than 5 milliarcsec and with correlated flux densities greater than about 0.5 Jy; the remaining sources have no cores with flux densities above about 0.3 Jy, the sensitivity limit of the interferometer. Two of the sources with detected compact cores, 4C 67.05 and 3C 418, were also observed with longer-baseline interferometers; the diameter of the core of 4C 67.05 was estimated to be smaller than 1 milliarcsec and that of 3C 418 to be smaller than 0.4 milliarcsec. All diameter estimates were based on an assumed circular Gaussian distribution of radio brightness and refer to the contour with brightness density e to the -1/2 power times that of the center. Positions for the detected sources were also obtained from the interferometric data, the uncertainty in these coordinate estimates ranging from 0.04 to 0.6 arcsec. The compact core detected in 3C 390.3 was found to lie near the center of this extended (approximately 4 arcmin in diameter) double radio source and to be coincident to within 1 arcsec with an N galaxy previously identified with 3C 390.3.

Wittels, J. J.↗
NASA NTRS1978

Observations of low-luminosity X-ray sources in Vela-Puppis

Results are presented for a study of the X-ray emission from a small portion of the galactic plane near galactic longitude 260 deg. This region contains at least six low-luminosity X-ray sources within about 10 deg of PSR 0833-45, which is near the center of the Gum nebula. The X-ray source 4U 0833-45, associated with the Vela pulsar, is observed at twice its 4U catalog intensity. The lack of X-ray pulsations at the pulsar period (greater than 99% nonpulsed), the nonthermal power-law spectrum, and models of the X-ray source distribution in this region suggest that a large fraction of the X-rays come from an extended source about 1 deg of arc in radius. The observation of a high-temperature (effective temperature at least 100 million K) spectrum in a field of view containing only Puppis A among known sources has led to the discovery of new OSO 8 source, OS 0752-39. Other spectra from this region are discussed.

Pravdo, S. H.↗
NASA NTRS1978

On the nature of the sources of hard pulse X-ray radiation

Besides the identified sources of cosmic pulse X-ray radiation with globular clusters NGC 6624, NGC 1851 and MXB 1730-335 several new identifications were made. The source in Norma was probably identified with globular cluster NGC 5927, the source in Aquila with globular cluster NGC 6838 (M71), and the source in Puppis with globular cluster NGC 2298. Gamma pulses discovered by the Vela satellites and X-ray pulses thoroughly measured by the SAS-3, Ariel-5, and ANS satellites are thought to be the same phenomenon. The sources of such a radiation must be some kind of peculiarity at the central part of globular clusters; it is most probably a massive black hole. The sources of hard pulse radiation which cannot be identified with globular clusters are considered to be a new kind of galactic object, invisible globular clusters, which are naked nuclei of globular clusters.

Shklovskiy, I. S.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Helios-2 Vela-Ariel-5 gamma-ray burst source position

The gamma-ray burst of 28 January 1976, one of 18 events thus far detected in interplanetary space with Helios-2, was also observed with the Vela-5A, -6A and the Ariel-5 satellites. A small source field is obtained from the intersection of the region derived from the observed time delays between Helios-2 and Vela-5A and -6A with the source region independently found with the Ariel-5 X-ray detector. This area contains neither any steady X-ray source as scanned by HEAO-A nor any previously catalogued X-ray, radio or infrared sources, X-ray transients, quasars, seyferts, globular clusters, flare stars, pulsars, white dwarfs or high energy gamma-ray sources. The region is however, within the source field of a gamma-ray transient observed in 1974, which exhibited nuclear gamma-ray line structure.

Cline, T. L.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Helios 2-Vela-Ariel 5 gamma-ray burst source position

The gamma-ray burst of January 28, 1976, one of 18 events thus far detected in interplanetary space with Helios 2, was also observed with the Vela 5A and 6A and the Ariel 5 satellites. A small source field is obtained from the intersection of the region derived from the observed time delays between Helios 2 and Vela 5A and 6A, with the source region independently found with the Ariel 5 X-ray detector. This area contains neither any steady X-ray source as scanned by HEAO 1 nor any previously cataloged X-ray, radio, or infrared sources, X-ray transients, quasars, Seyferts, globular clusters, flare stars, pulsars, white dwarfs, or high enery gamma-ray sources. The region is, however, within the source field of a gamma-ray transient observed in 1974 by Jacobson et al. (1978) which exhibited nuclear gamma-ray line structure.

Cline, T. L.↗
NASA NTRS1979

An intense soft high-latitude X-ray source H2156-304 - A new BL Lacertae object

The discovery of an intense high-latitude soft X-ray source (designated H2156-304) detected with the low-energy detectors of the HEAO A-2 experiment is reported. The error box of the source includes a 14th mag starlike object that may be coincident with the radio source PKS 2155-304 and has been suggested as a BL Lac candidate. Intensity variations of H2156-304 on time scales of about 1 sec to 1 day are discussed, along with a probable flare from the source. The derived energy spectrum of the source is shown to be well fitted by either a two-temperature thermal model with temperatures of 16 million and 1.6 million K or a single power-law model with a spectral index of 2.4 + or - 0.3. Hydrogen column densities of approximately 2.5 x 10 to the 20th and 2.0 x 10 to the 20th H atoms/sq cm are obtained for the two-temperature and power-law models, respectively. The emission mechanism of H2156-304 is considered, and the characteristics of this source are compared with those of three known soft X-ray-emitting BL Lac objects.

Agrawal, P. C.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Direct and inverse problems in radiation of sound from discrete random sources on two coaxial rings

An analytical model consisting of two ring sources of sound is developed to study the direct radiation in terms of correlation, coherence, and phase and also to aid in solving the inverse-radiation problem of determining the noise source in terms of farfield measurements. The rings consist of discrete sources which are either monopoles or quadrupoles with Gaussian autocorrelations. Only adjacent sources, both within and between the rings, are correlated. Results show that from the farfield information one can determine when the sources are compact or noncompact with respect to the acoustic wavelength and distinguish between the types of sources. In addition, from the inverse-radiation approach one can recover the center of mass, the location and separation distance of the ring, and the respective diameters.

Maestrello, L.↗
NASA NTRS1980

Destruction of N/2D/ by O2 - A major source of 6300 A dayglow emission

The paper discusses the N(2D) + O2 yields NO + O(1D), for k1 reaction, and examines under different geophysical conditions, the effect of this source of 6300 A surface brightness on the dayglow redline. In calculating the 6300 A volume emission rate, a computer code is used which provides the thermal electron density, photoelectron flux, ion concentrations, electron and ion temperatures and odd nitrogen densities required to evaluate the O(1D) sources and sinks. It is found that under most conditions this source is the dominant mechanism responsible for the production of the 6300 A dayglow above 150 km. The volume emission rate of this source in summer is 2.5 times larger than the sum of all other sources at 180 km, and 1.5 times as large in winter. In addition, when the N(2D) source of O(1D) is taken into account, the rate coefficient for quenching of O(1D) by N2 is estimated to be 4 plus or minus 1 x 10 to the -11th cu cm per sec.

Torr, D. G.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Evidence for a variable far-infrared source in NGC 6334

NGC 6334 has been mapped with a 40-250 micron photometer with 1 arcmin resolution. Six sources of far-infrared radiation have been detected. The second-strongest source was not detected in an earlier (2.7 years) 40-350 micron survey of the same region. This source is interpreted as a variable far-infrared source. The new source, located at the position of OH and H2O maser sources, is extended (0.7 arcmin FWHM) and has a bolometric luminosity of 190,000 solar luminosities and may represent a hitherto unobserved transient stage of protostellar collapse.

Mcbreen, B.↗
NASA NTRS1979

Distribution of astronomical sources in the second Equatorial Infrared Catalogue

Measurements of infrared (2.7-micron) source positions and flux densities have been derived based on an additional 60.6 hours of satellite observations beyond those considered in the preparation of the Equatorial Infrared Catalogue No. 1 (EIC-1). These data have been processed together with the EIC-1 data to produce EIC-2. The new catalog differs from EIC-1 as follows: there are 1278 sources; there is a larger percentage of unidentified sources; there are increased numbers of sources identified with Two-Micron Sky Survey sources, AFGL sources, AGK3 stars and SAO stars.

Nagy, T. A.↗
NASA NTRS1981

High-precision source location of the 1978 November 19 gamma-ray burst

The celestial source location of the November 19, 1978, intense gamma ray burst has been determined from data obtained with the interplanetary gamma-ray sensor network by means of long-baseline wave front timing instruments. Each of the instruments was designed for studying events with observable spectra of approximately greater than 100 keV, and each provides accurate event profile timing in the several millisecond range. The data analysis includes the following: the triangulated region is centered at (gamma, delta) 1950 = (1h16m32s, -28 deg 53 arcmin), at -84 deg galactic latitude, where the star density is very low and the obscuration negligible. The gamma-ray burst source region, consistent with that of a highly polarized radio source described by Hjellming and Ewald (1981), may assist in the source modeling and may facilitate the understanding of the source process. A marginally identifiable X-ray source was also found by an Einstein Observatory investigation. It is concluded that the burst contains redshifted positron annihilation and nuclear first-excited iron lines, which is consistent with a neutron star origin.

Cline, T. L.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Clutchless multiple drive source for output shaft

A first shaft is connected to a source of rotational power and has a gear fixedly mounted on the shaft. A second gear is fixedly mounted on a gear shaft that is parallel to the first shaft. A third gear, also fixedly mounted on gear shaft, meshes with a fourth gear fixedly mounted on the output shaft. The first input shaft and output shaft are rotatably mounted through a housing that is itself rotatable with respect to a support. Both shafts are coaxial and in end-to-end relationship. A second input shaft is connected to a second source of rotational power. A fifth gear, fixedly mounted on second input shaft, meshes with a sixth gear, which is fixedly mounted on rotatable housing and in coaxial relationship with first input shaft. In operation, the first drive source and gear train provide rotational power in a first direction to drive the output shaft in a given direction of rotation. The second source of rotational power may be operated either to decrease the rate of rotation imparted to the output shaft by the first source of rotational power, or to increase that rate of rotation, depending on which direction the housing is rotated by the second source of rotational power.

Webster, L. D.↗
NASA NTRS1982

Large scale X-ray and radio structures associated with compact extragalactic sources

Knots of X-ray emission have been detected within 20 arcmin of five compact sources initially selected from the MPIfR north polar 5 GHz survey. Two of the knots have also been detected at centimeter wavelengths and probably have nonthermal spectra. They appear to be associated with the compact sources since the probability of serendipitous discovery at the observed flux levels is low. While the apparent association may be due to colocation of the sources in a distant supercluster, it is suggested on the basis of overall alignment, and possible correlations with structures in the respective central sources, that the association may be similar to that found in extended radio sources. The observed emission may thus be due to synchrotron or inverse Compton radiation, the energy being supplied by jets from the central source.

Biermann, P.↗
NASA NTRS1981

Optical studies of X-ray sources with the MASCOT - A charge-coupled device /CCD/-based astronomical instrument

The performance levels achieved by the MASCOT (MIT Astronomical Spectrometer/Camera for Optical Telescopes) on the 1.3-m telescope at the McGraw-Hill observatory in March 1981 are discussed along with preliminary data obtained in searches for optical counterparts to four 'empty-field' X-ray sources. In the W band (4000-7000 A), the MASCOT achieved a sky-limited sensitivity of +24.4 mag per sq arcsec in an 1800 s integration. The ability to flatten pictures to a level consistent with (sky + source) photon statistics and readout noise was demonstrated. For the four sources observed, an optical counterpart was established for one source (1413+13) based on positional coincidence (better than 1.8 arcsec), four possible candidates were detected in the error box of another source (1009?35) and upper sensitivity limits were established for optical counterparts in the error boxes for the other two sources (0920+39 and 0931-11).

Ricker, G. R.↗
NASA NTRS1981

The number-intensity distribution for extragalactic X-ray sources

It is shown that a self-consistent assessment of source count data can be made, if many of the deep survey sources are QSOs which are known to be evolving strongly at fluxes comparable to the survey limits. The QSO contribution would in this case become significant at X-ray fluxes below 10 to the -12th erg/sq cm per sec, and dominates at fluxes below 10 to the -13th erg/sq cm per sec. The X-ray background intensity places a limit on total source counts and requires a turnover in the evolution of X-ray emitting sources. Sources detected in the Einstein survey account for over 35% of the 1-3 keV background flux, suggesting that most of the background is due to discrete sources.

Murray, S. S.↗
NASA NTRS1983

Source circuit design considerations

The cost of several circuit configurations for large (5MW) array fields were investigated to assess the relative costs of high and low voltage configurations. Three source circuit NOC voltages were evaluated: 400V (ungrounded), 800V (+ or 400V center grounded), and 2000V (+ or - 1000V center grounded). Four source circuit configurations were considered for each of the three NOC voltages. The configurations correspond to source circuit currents of 15, 30, 45, and 60 amperes, respectively. Conceptual layouts for 5MW building blocks for each of the above configurations were developed. The designs were optimized to minimize BOS electrical and structural costs. Only the BOS electrical costs were evaluated. The designs were broken down into the following elements for cost: (1) basic source circuit intermodule wiring, bypass diodes and associated hardware, source circuit to J-Box wiring, etc; (2) J-Box blocking diodes, varistors, heat sinks, and housing; (3) disconnects source circuit disconnects, fuses, and housing; (4) bus cabling J-Box to PCU interface wiring, and trenching; (5) interface bus bar, group disconnects, and fuses; and (6) fault detection shunts, signal wire, electronics, and alarm. It is concluded that high voltage low current circuits are not economical, at higher currents high and low voltage circuit costs approach each other, high voltage circuits are not likely to offer near term advantage, and development work/manufacturer stimulation is needed to develop low cost high voltage hardware.

Noel, G. T.↗