Search NASA⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search NASA

Results for “THEORIES - FLAME-PROPAGATION”

Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 271 records · Page 15
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2017

A general theory of linear cosmological perturbations: bimetric theories

We implement the method developed in [1] to construct the most general parametrised action for linear cosmological perturbations of bimetric theories of gravity. Specifically, we consider perturbations around a homogeneous and isotropic background, and identify the complete form of the action invariant under diffeomorphism transformations, as well as the number of free parameters characterising this cosmological class of theories. We discuss, in detail, the case without derivative interactions, and compare our results with those found in massive bigravity.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Time-dependent orbital-free density functional theory for electronic stopping power: Comparison to the Mermin-Kohn-Sham theory at high temperatures

Electronic stopping power in warm dense matter can affect energy transport and heating in astrophysical processes and internal confinement fusion. For cold condensed matter systems, stopping power can be modeled from first-principles using real-time time-dependent density functional theory (DFT). However, high temperatures (10's to 100's of eV) may be computationally prohibitive for traditional Mermin-Kohn-Sham DFT. New experimental measurements in the warm dense regime motivates the development of first-principles approaches, which can reach these temperatures. Here, we have developed a time-dependent orbital-free density functional theory, which includes a novel nonadiabatic and temperature-dependent kinetic energy density functional, for the simulation of stopping power at any temperature. The approach is nonlinear with respect to the projectile perturbation, includes all ions and electrons, and does not require a priori determination of screened interaction potentials. Finally, our results compare favorably with Kohn-Sham for temperatures in the WDM regime, especially nearing 100 eV.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗
DOE OSTI2011

Application of the gradient method to Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory

A computer code is presented for solving the equations of the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) theory by the gradient method, motivated by the need for efficient and robust codes to calculate the configurations required by extensions of the HFB theory, such as the generator coordinate method. The code is organized with a separation between the parts that are specific to the details of the Hamiltonian and the parts that are generic to the gradient method. This permits total flexibility in choosing the symmetries to be imposed on the HFB solutions. The code solves for both even and odd particle-number ground states, with the choice determined by the input data stream. Application is made to the nuclei in the sd shell using the universal sd-shell interaction B (USDB) shell-model Hamiltonian.

73 NUCLEAR PHYSICS AND RADIATION PHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Pressure of massless hot scalar theory in the boundary effective theory framework

We use the boundary effective theory approach to thermal field theory in order to calculate the pressure of a system of massless scalar fields with quartic interaction. The method naturally separates the infrared physics, and is essentially nonperturbative. To lowest order, the main ingredient is the solution of the free Euler-Lagrange equation with nontrivial (time) boundary conditions. We derive a resummed pressure, which is in good agreement with recent calculations found in the literature, following a very direct and compact procedure.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2019

Phenomenology of large scale structure in scalar-tensor theories: Joint prior covariance of w DE , Σ, and μ in Horndeski theories

Ongoing and upcoming cosmological surveys will significantly improve our ability to probe the equation of state of dark energy, w DE , and the phenomenology of large scale structure. They will allow us to constrain deviations from the Λ cold dark matter predictions for the relations between the matter density contrast and the weak lensing and the Newtonian potential, described by the functions Σ and μ, respectively. In this work, we derive the theoretical prior for the joint covariance of w DE , Σ and μ, expected in general scalar-tensor theories with second order equations of motion (Horndeski gravity), focusing on their time-dependence at certain representative scales. We employ Monte Carlo methods to generate large ensembles of statistically independent Horndeski models, focusing on those that are physically viable and in broad agreement with local tests of gravity, the observed cosmic expansion history and the measurement of the speed of gravitational waves from a binary neutron star merger. Here, we identify several interesting features and trends in the distribution functions of w DE , Σ and μ, as well as in their covariances; we confirm the high degree of correlation between Σ and μ in scalar-tensor theories. The derived prior covariance matrices will allow us to reconstruct jointly w DE , Σ and μ in a nonparametric way.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2017

Tests of Gravity Theories Using Supermassive Black Holes

Scalar-tensor theories of gravity generally violate the strong equivalence principle, namely that compact objects have a suppressed coupling to the scalar force, which causes them to fall slower. A black hole is the extreme example where such a coupling vanishes, i.e., black holes have no scalar hair. We explore observational scenarios for detecting strong equivalence principle violation, focusing on galileon gravity as an example. For galaxies infalling toward galaxy clusters, the supermassive black hole can be offset from the galaxy center away from the direction of the cluster. Well-resolved images of galaxies around nearby clusters can therefore be used to identify the displaced black hole via the star cluster bound to it. We show that this signal is accessible with imaging surveys, both ongoing ones such as the Dark Energy Survey and future ground- and space-based surveys. Already, the observation of the central black hole in M 87 places new constraints on the galileon parameters, which we present here. O(1) matter couplings are disfavored for a large region of the parameter space. We also find a novel phenomenon whereby the black hole can escape the galaxy completely in less than one billion years.

79 ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS↗
DOE OSTI2012

Uncertainty quantification of few group diffusion theory constants generated by the B1 theory-augmented Monte Carlo method

The purpose of this paper is to quantify uncertainties of fuel pin cell or fuel assembly (FA) homogenized few group diffusion theory constants generated from the B1 theory-augmented Monte Carlo (MC) method. A mathematical formulation of the first kind is presented to quantify uncertainties of the few group constants in terms of the two major sources of the MC method; statistical and nuclear cross section and nuclide number density input data uncertainties. The formulation is incorporated into the Seoul National Univ. MC code McCARD. It is then used to compute the uncertainties of the burnup-dependent homogenized two group constants of a low-enriched UO{sub 2} fuel pin cell and a PWR FA on the condition that nuclear cross section input data of U-235 and U-238 from JENDL 3.3 library and nuclide number densities from the solution to fuel depletion equations have uncertainties. The contribution of the MC input data uncertainties to the uncertainties of the two group constants of the two fuel systems is separated from that of the statistical uncertainties. The utilities of uncertainty quantifications are then discussed from the standpoints of safety analysis of existing power reactors, development of new fuel or reactor system design, and improvement of covariance files of the evaluated nuclear data libraries. (authors)

21 SPECIFIC NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ASSOCIATED PLANTS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Stability, ghost, and strong coupling in nonrelativistic general covariant theory of gravity with {lambda}{ne}1

In this paper, we investigate three important issues: stability, ghost, and strong coupling, in the Horava-Melby-Thompson setup of the Horava-Lifshitz theory with {lambda}{ne}1, generalized recently by da Silva. We first develop the general linear scalar perturbations of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe with arbitrary spatial curvature and find that an immediate by-product of the setup is that, in all the inflationary models described by a scalar field, the FRW universe is necessarily flat. Applying them to the case of the Minkowski background, we find that it is stable, and, similar to the case {lambda}=1, the spin-0 graviton is eliminated. The vector perturbations vanish identically in the Minkowski background. Thus, similar to general relativity, a free gravitational field in this setup is completely described by a spin-2 massless graviton, even with {lambda}{ne}1. We also study the ghost problem in the FRW background and find explicitly the ghost-free conditions. To study the strong coupling problem, we consider two different kinds of spacetimes, all with the presence of matter: one is cosmological, and the other is static. We find that the coupling becomes strong for a process with energy higher than M{sub pl}|c{sub {psi}|}{sup 5/2} in the flat FRW background and M{sub pl}|c{sub {psi}|}{sup 3} in a static weak gravitational field, where |c{sub {psi}|{identical_to}}|(1-{lambda})/(3{lambda}-1)|{sup 1/2}.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2010

Structure of the lightest scalar meson from the 1/N{sub c} expansion of Unitarized Chiral Perturbation Theory and Regge Theory

One-loop unitarized Chiral Perturbation Theory (UChPT) calculations, suggest a different Nc behaviour for the {sigma} or f{sub 0}(600) and {rho}(770) mesons: while the {rho} meson becomes narrower with Nc, as is expected for a q-barq meson, the {sigma} becomes broader, and its contribution to the total cross section is less and less important. On the other hand, local duality requires a cancellation between the {sigma} and {rho} amplitudes, but if there is a different Nc behaviour for them, there is a possible contradiction between the Inverse Amplitude Method (IAM) and local duality for large Nc. However, next to next to leading order UChPT calculations suggested a subdominant q-barq component for the {sigma} with a mass around 1.2 GeV. In this work, we show that this subdominant q-barq component is indeed needed to ensure local duality.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2011

Threshold hadronic event shapes with effective field theory

Hadronic event shapes, that is, event shapes at hadron colliders, could provide a great way to test both standard and nonstandard theoretical models. However, they are significantly more complicated than event shapes at e{sup +}e{sup -} colliders, involving multiple hard directions, multiple channels, and multiple color structures. In this paper, hadronic event shapes are examined with soft-collinear effective theory (SCET) by expanding around the dijet limit. A simple event shape, threshold thrust, is defined. This observable is global and has no free parameters, making it ideal for clarifying how resummation of hadronic event shapes can be done in SCET. Threshold thrust is calculated at next-to-leading fixed order (NLO) in SCET and resummed to next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (NNLL) accuracy. The scale-dependent parts of the soft function are shown to agree with what is expected from general observations, and the factorization formula is explicitly shown to be renormalization group invariant to 1-loop. Although threshold thrust is not itself expected to be phenomenologically interesting, it can be modified into a related observable which allows the jet p{sub T} distribution to be calculated and resummed to NNLL+NLO accuracy. As in other processes, one expects resummation to be important even for moderate jet momenta due to dynamical threshold enhancement. A general discussion of threshold enhancement and nonglobal logs in hadronic event shapes is also included.

72 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS↗
DOE OSTI2018

Infrared and Raman spectroscopy of α-ZrW 2 O 8 : A comprehensive density functional perturbation theory and experimental study

We report that cubic zirconium tungstate (α-ZrW 2 O 8 ), a well-known negative thermal expansion material, has been investigated within the framework of density functional perturbation theory (DFPT), combined with experimental characterization to assess and validate computational results. Using combined Fourier transform infrared measurements and DFPT calculations, new and extensive assignments were made for the far-infrared (<400 cm -1 ) spectrum of α-ZrW 2 O 8 . Lastly, a systematic comparison of DFPT-simulated infrared, Raman, and phonon density-of-state spectra with Fourier transform far-/mid-infrared and Raman data collected in this study, as well as with available inelastic neutron scattering measurements, shows the superior accuracy of the PBEsol exchange-correlation functional over standard PBE calculations for studying the spectroscopic properties of this material.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗