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Test File is data file containing computer-aided design (CAD) data formatted according to National Bureau of Standards Initial Graphic Exchange Specification (IGES). File created for purpose of conducting NASA tests to determine to what extent dissimilar CAD systems exchange data using the IGES standard formats and IGES translators.
Mars data sets from many sources have been put into a common digital format and global maps at constant scale have been produced. These formatted data sets form the basis of the Mars Consortium. They currently include maps of geology, volcanic units, channels, wind features, topography, gravity, Viking approach and apoapsis color, predawn temperature residuals, thermal inertia, radiometric and solar albedo, water vapor abundance, 1.4 micrometers albedo, crater abundance, Earth-based radar and photographic telescope observations, and terrestrial spectral observations. The generation of these data sets is briefly described. As an example of their use, the mapped geologic units are characterized in terms of color, predawn temperature and elevation, and unusual areas identified. The Oxia Palus region is examined as an example of combining higher resolution data with the Consortium data sets. Use of the existing data sets and submission of new ones are encouraged.
Progress under the LANDSAT-4 and 5 Image Data Quality Assessment program for the Thematic Mapper is described. An initial screening of LANDSAT-5 data is performed. Tools are developed to allow access to TIPS-format data. Analysis of scan direction related signal droop is resumed with detailed analysis of nighttime data. A new mathematical model is developed to describe the effect. Coherent noise of a lower frequency than previously reported is discovered and analyzed. Coincident LANDSAT-4 TM and MSS data are analyzed to improve understanding of radiometric relationships between similar wavebands in the two sensors.
The primary objective is to identify, develop, and demonstrate key data management technologies to support user access to Space Station data. To accomplish this objective, there are several technical challenges which must be addressed. The first is how to provide routine customer access to high volume, dynamic and distributed data bases. This access will encompass the functions of mission and payload planning and operations, data processing and analysis, and data archive and distribution. Secondly, there must be some analysis of architectures for handling high volume data streams like those expected from the Space Station. This analysis will examine the use of packetized versus non-packetized data formats, modular expansion capabilities, real-time versus non-real-time data processing, and the interfaces and architecture required to support telescience operations. The task will also determine benchmarks of performance capabilities for technology operations, such as varied data base structures, data access procedures, distributed data base design, and data base machines. Information is provided here in outline form.
A standard archival format is presented for the Jet Propulsion Laboratory Mobile Satellite Experiment (MSAT-X) Pilot Field Experiments (PiFEx), which will overcome the deficiencies of the current set-up. This format allows ease of data processing, flexibility for future experiments, and controllable data dissemination to other researchers.
The Compton Observatory Science Support Center (COSSC) is developing a coherent analysis environment for the analysis of Compton and other gamma-ray astronomy data. This environment, GammaCore, allows the astronomer to access the data analysis systems developed at the Principal Investigator (PI) sites for the four Compton Observatory instruments. In addition users have access to standard astronomical tools such as IRAF, IDL, and XANADU. The user interface of GammaCore is the AGCL (AnswerGarden Command Language), developed at the AXAF Science Center. The parameter interface supported by the AGCL allows GammaCore to access all PI software systems in a uniform fashion. These systems are quite different, having been developed independently on heterogeneous systems without much concern for general portability. The data kibitzer concept, where a window running in a specific PI environment is controlled by the AGCL, has been used extensively. Users can choose to view what is going on in the native environment, to use the window to control PI software directly, or to ignore the PI systems entirely and to work only through the homogeneous AGCL interface. Software developed at the COSSC is also integrated within GammaCore. Extensive facilities for conversions of PI data formats to and from FITS have been developed. Access to the Compton data archive and catalogs will also be completely integrated with the GammaCore. Users can retrieve any publicly available Compton data. This paper examines the issues that have arisen in attempting to meld these widely diverse systems. The advantages and limitations of the parameter interface and the kibitzer are discussed along with issues of data portability, documentation, and the feasibility of multi-instrument analysis. Limited capabilities are now available within GammaCore with significant enhancements planned over the coming year. An implementation including all PI systems will be available within that time. Instructions on how to access GammaCore and how to get more information are given.
In February 2000, an effort was begun to adapt the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Level 1 production software to process direct broadcast data. Three Level 1 algorithms have been adapted and packaged for release: Level 1A converts raw (level 0) data into Hierarchical Data Format (HDF), unpacking packets into scans; Geolocation computes geographic information for the data points in the Level 1A; and the Level 1B computes geolocated, calibrated radiances from the Level 1A and Geolocation products. One useful aspect of adapting the production software is the ability to incorporate enhancements contributed by the MODIS Science Team. We have therefore tried to limit changes to the software. However, in order to process the data immediately on receipt, we have taken advantage of a branch in the geolocation software that reads orbit and altitude information from the packets themselves, rather than external ancillary files used in standard production. We have also verified that the algorithms can be run with smaller time increments (2.5 minutes) than the five-minute increments used in production. To make the code easier to build and run, we have simplified directories and build scripts. Also, dependencies on a commercial numerics library have been replaced by public domain software. A version of the adapted code has been released for Silicon Graphics machines running lrix. Perhaps owing to its origin in production, the software is rather CPU-intensive. Consequently, a port to Linux is underway, followed by a version to run on PC clusters, with an eventual goal of running in near-real-time (i.e., process a ten-minute pass in ten minutes).
Although the volume of the remote sensing data managed by the Earth Observing System Data and Information System is formidable, an oft-overlooked challenge is the variety of data. The diversity in satellite instruments, science disciplines and user communities drives cost as much or more as the data volume. Several strategies are used to tame this variety: data allocation to distinct centers of expertise; a common metadata repository for discovery, data format standards and conventions; and services that further abstract the variations in data.
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Near Earth Network (NEN) Project is implementing a new launch communications ground segment to provide services for the next generation of human and robotic space exploration systems. It will deliver unique and advanced capabilities to accelerate the transformation of Kennedy Space Center into a multi-user spaceport in cooperation with the United States Air Force (USAF). The project has leveraged commercial technologies and remote operations concepts matured in NASAs orbiting satellite ground systems to achieve dramatic lifecycle cost efficiencies as compared to the space shuttle-era ground segment. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the development history, capabilities and anticipated use cases of the NEN Launch Communications Segment (NEN LCS).The NASA Kennedy Space Center is co-located with the USAF Eastern Launch Range at Cape Canaveral, Florida. The USAF operates two launch communications ground stations, but they are not designed to transmit voice, commands or other data to the launch vehicle or astronauts. The bi-directional uplink-downlink communications responsibility for human missions has historically resided with the Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. Several market analyses and feasibility studies investigating concepts to provide NASAs next generation launch communications services were performed during the Constellation Program prior to its cancellation in 2009, and as part of the Kennedy Space Centers follow-on efforts to transform itself into a 21st century multi-user spaceport. In 2012, the Kennedy Space Center and the USAF 45th Space Wing jointly led a study to analyze the market needs of current and future launch systems and assess the operational deficiencies of the Eastern Range infrastructure. The study team issued several recommendations, two of which ultimately became driving operational capability requirements for the NEN LCS: increased telemetry data rates of at least 20 Mbps, and S-band uplink capability. Additional capabilities identified in the requirements development process include spread spectrum modulation support, LDPC 12 and 78 error correction codes, support for IRIG-106 and CCSDS data formats, automated best source selection, and Space Link Extension (SLE) services for data distribution. The NEN LCS is comprised of two permanent ground stations, the new Kennedy Uplink Station (KUS) and refurbished Ponce de Leon (PDL) station. Both stations are remotely operated from the Global Monitor and Control Center at Wallops Flight Facility. This core architecture is extensible through host-tenant arrangements with the U.S. Air Force and deployable assets, enabling agile, tailored and robust solutions to meet the needs of civil, commercial or military customers. The NEN LCS has three use cases:1.To provide agile, tailored and robust launch communications solutions to Florida spaceport customers2.To provide orbital communications services to near-earth customers 3.To provide an experimental proving ground for Space Mobile Network concepts and technologies The NEN LCS driving mission is to support the bi-directional link with the Orion crew capsule and two 20 Mbps telemetry links from the Space Launch System core stage on Exploration Mission-1, the first integrated flight of NASAs flagship human exploration systems.
Funding for National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) space mission operations is tighter than ever in the current environment of federal government deficit reductions. Conventional wisdom would expect this environment to drive increasing competition between NASA centers for the limited available funds. However, recent inter-center activities at the Huntsville Operations Support Center (HOSC) at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center emphasize collaboration rather than competition and demonstrate the value of partnerships to increase the return on shrinking investments. These efforts cover a variety of activities and potential returns. To facilitate sharing data from test and verification through operations without levying requirements on data format or software tools, the HOSC is working with multiple centers on an evolutionary path toward a distributed data architecture and archive. The approach reduces the required investment by allowing the partners to reuse their existing formats and tools, while facilitating gone ]stop h user visibility into and controlled access to the full complement of data regardless of user or data location. The HOSC is also working on two activities to promote sharing operations implementations and leveraging the experts and expertise across multiple NASA sites. In one, the use of Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) standards for the message abstraction layer provides an interoperability layer on top of existing ground data system communication architectures. This allows missions to select the most appropriate solutions for their requirements with a minimal investment in rehosting the components in a coherent operational environment. The other emphasizes shared tools and increased remote access to minimize travel for tests and critical activities and reduce the floor space required for a dedicated operations center. This paper summarizes these and other inter-center collaboration activities at the HOSC and the benefits that each can bring, not just to the participants, but to the broader operations community.
Thermodynamic data on formation of solid carbon and organic compounds in primitive planetary atmospheres
The operation, maintenance, and integration of the applications explorer mission heat capacity mapping radiometer is illustrated in block diagrams and detail schematics of circuit functions. Data format and logic timing diagrams are included along with radiometric and electronic calibration data. Mechanical and electrical configuration is presented to provide interface details for integration of the HCMR instrument to AEM spacecraft.
In order to meet the challenge of developing a new system science, we will need to employ technology that enables researchers to access data from fields with which they are at least initially unfamiliar as well as from sources they use more regularly. At the same time, the quantity of data to be obtained by missions such as the Solar Dynamics Observatory demands ease and simplicity of data access. These competing demands must in turn fit within severely constrained funding for data analysis in such projects. Based on experience in only a single discipline but with a diversity of data types and sources, we will give examples of technology that have made a significant difference in the way people do science. Similarly, we will show how adoption of a well-documented data format has made it easier for one community to search, reduce, and analyze data. We will also describe a community-supported data reduction and analysis software tree with useful features. We will attempt to generalize the lessons learned in these instances to features the broader, solar-terrestrial community might find compelling, while avoiding overdesign of a common data environment.
This document contains a general description for data sets of a wake vortex system in a turbulent environment. The turbulence and thermal stratification of the environment are representative of the conditions on November 12, 2001 near John F. Kennedy International Airport. The simulation assumes no ambient winds. The full three dimensional simulation of the wake vortex system from a Boeing 747 predicts vortex circulation levels at 80% of their initial value at the time of the proposed vortex encounter. The linked vortex oval orientation showed no twisting, and the oval elevations at the widest point were about 20 meters higher than where the vortex pair joined. Fred Proctor of NASA?s Langley Research Center presented the results from this work at the NTSB public hearing that started 29 October 2002. This document contains a description of each data set including: variables, coordinate system, data format, and sample plots. Also included are instructions on how to read the data.
Since 2019, NASA’s Airborne Data Management Group (ADMG) within the Interagency Implementation and Advanced Concepts Team (IMPACT) has worked to promote and ensure the discoverability and accessibility of the agency’s non-satellite Earth science observations. A primary component of this effort is the development of NASA’s Catalog of Archived Suborbital Earth Science Investigations (CASEI) and the vetting of key contextual details required to sustain this unique inventory of airborne and field metadata. CASEI provides information on the science objectives motivating data collection, key events/time periods in the observational record aligned with the science objectives, complementary simultaneous observations, programmatic details, and much more. The diverse set of data formats and disciplines served by CASEI have required the implementation of a common data model to organize suborbital observation metadata and efficiently connect appropriate campaigns, platforms, and instruments. The CASEI inventory provides a single entry point for users to search and browse NASA’s airborne and field data archives, regardless of which repository is responsible for their stewardship. This presentation will provide a summary of the motivations for and the development of the CASEI system. Particular attention will be granted to how CASEI facilitates discovery and reuse of these lesser-known NASA data, supporting the Open Science vision and enhancing the return on investments made to collect these unique and varied observations. An up-to-date summary of CASEI inventory content and initial metrics will be provided. Current and future avenues ADMG is pursuing to enhance both CASEI and specific components of suborbital data stewardship at various stages of the data life cycle will also be discussed.
A customized product for analysis of microphysics data collected from aircraft during field campaigns in support of the TRMM program is described. These Common Microphysics Products (CMP's) are designed to aid in evaluation of TRMM spaceborne precipitation retrieval algorithms. Information needed for this purpose (e.g., particle size spectra and habit, liquid and ice water content) was derived using a common processing strategy on the wide variety of microphysical instruments and raw native data formats employed in the field campaigns. The CMP's are organized into an ASCII structure to allow easy access to the data for those less familiar with and without the tools to accomplish microphysical data processing. Detailed examples of the CMP show its potential and some of its limitations. This approach may be a first step toward developing a generalized microphysics format and an associated community-oriented, non-proprietary software package for microphysics data processing, initiatives that would likely broaden community access to and use of microphysics datasets.
This data set was prepared by the SERM-FBIU. The data include information on forest parameters and cover the area in and near the BOREAS SSA, excluding the PANP. The data were produced from aerial photography taken as recently as 1988.
The "CFD General Notation System" (CGNS) consists of a collection of conventions, and conforming software, for the storage and retrieval of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) data. It facilitates the exchange of data between sites and applications, and helps stabilize the archiving of aerodynamic data. This effort was initiated in order to streamline the procedures in exchanging data and software between NASA and its customers, but the goal is to develop CGNS into a National Standard for the exchange of aerodynamic data. The CGNS development team is comprised of members from Boeing Commercial Airplane Group, NASA-Ames, NASA-Langley, NASA-Lewis, McDonnell-Douglas Corporation (now Boeing-St. Louis), Air Force-Wright Lab., and ICEM-CFD Engineering. The elements of CGNS address all activities associated with the storage of data on external media and its movement to and from application programs. These elements include: 1) The Advanced Data Format (ADF) Database manager, consisting of both a file format specification and its I/O software, which handles the actual reading and writing of data from and to external storage media; 2) The Standard Interface Data Structures (SIDS), which specify the intellectual content of CFD data and the conventions governing naming and terminology; 3) The SIDS-to-ADF File Mapping conventions, which specify the exact location where the CFD data defined by the SIDS is to be stored within the ADF file(s); and 4) The CGNS Mid-level Library, which provides CFD-knowledgeable routines suitable for direct installation into application codes. The SIDS-toADF File Mapping Manual specifies the exact manner in which, under CGNS conventions, CFD data structures (the SIDS) are to be stored in (i.e., mapped onto) the file structure provided by the database manager (ADF). The result is a conforming CGNS database. Adherence to the mapping conventions guarantees uniform meaning and location of CFD data within ADF files, and thereby allows the construction of universal software to read and write the data.