Scanning laser radar for rendezvous and docking
Scanning laser radar system for automatic rendezvous and docking of space shuttle vehicles
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Scanning laser radar system for automatic rendezvous and docking of space shuttle vehicles
Three dimensional latching dynamics and loads induced during Apollo spacecraft docking, using linear stiffness or flexibility matrices for structural elasticity
Transposition and lunar docking simulation tests for Apollo 9 and subsequent missions using test vehicles equipped with flight type hardware
Apollo docking system for CSM-LM connection and disconnection during lunar landing mission, discussing flight hardware
Apollo docking system design considerations and preliminary models evaluation for best choice to meet requirements
Transposition and lunar docking simulation tests for Apollo 9 and subsequent missions using test vehicles equipped with flight type hardware
Computer program for satellite rendezvous and docking maneuver simulations
Computerized simulation of tether docking by orbiting spacecrafts
Requirements of docking simulation necessary to establish conditions involved in despin control of Applications Technology Satellite number 5 - Vol. 2
Computer program for calculating propellant dynamics in two dimensional and axisymmetric tanks during spacecraft docking
Docking with passive orbiting spinning or tumbling objects for space debris elimination and space rescue operations, describing remotely controlled despinning and retrieval methods
The preliminary design of a space shuttle docking and cargo handling system is presented. Subjects discussed are: (1) general requirements, (2) alternative concepts, (3) subsystem requirements, (4) time series analysis, and (5) mission planning.
The material presented is divided into three main areas of accomplishment. The first is a description of the angle only docking sensor concept and the computational requirements to develop useful guidance information from the raw angle only data. The second describes the analytical effort including the MIT in-house computer simulation, the development of guidance equations and vehicle stability related thereto, and presents the results of studies covering the effects of employing Kalman filtering with the sensor. The third area presents the conclusions and recommendations resulting from the program. Much of the material has appeared in previous reports, but is included here for the sake of completeness. New material indicating how the computer might operate to identify the individual sources in the target array is included.
Theoretical and practical problems involved in the application of electromechanical damping for spacecraft docking-mechanism attenuation are discussed. Some drawbacks of hydraulic dampers used for the purpose are pointed out. The basic scheme of the attenuator with the electromechanical damper is given.
The marker-and-cell numerical technique was applied to the study of axisymmetric and two-dimensional flow of liquid in containers under low gravity conditions. The purpose of the study was to provide the capability for numerically simulating liquid propellant motion in partially filled containers during a docking maneuver in orbit. A computer program to provide this capability for axisymmetric and two-dimensional flow was completed and computations were made for a number of hypothetical flow conditions.
The use of a docking-system computer program in analyzing the dynamic environment produced by two impacting spacecraft and the attitude control systems is discussed. Performance studies were conducted to determine the mechanism load and capture sensitivity to parametric changes in the initial impact conditions. As indicated by the studies, capture latching is most sensitive to vehicle angular-alinement errors and is least sensitive to lateral-miss error. As proved by load-sensitivity studies, peak loads acting on the Apollo spacecraft are considerably lower than the Apollo design-limit loads.
The module for automatic dock and detumble (MADD) is an automated device for bringing a passive, tumbling space base under control in an orbital rescue situation. The conceptual design of such a device resulted from a consideration of tumbling motion analyses and mission constraints. Specific topics of investigation include orbit and attitude dynamics and detumble profiles. Position and attitude control systems for the various phases of operation were developed. Dynamic motion of a passive vehicle with MADD attached is considered as an example application and to determine control requirements. Since time is a critical factor in rescue operations, it is essential to execute the detumbling maneuver in a minimum of time. Optimization of the MADD thrusting sequence has also been investigated. Results indicate the control torque must be directed opposite to the angular momentum vector for the assumption used here.
The history is presented of the development of the Skylab Multiple Docking Adapter from initial concept through its final design, related test programs, mission performance, and lessons learned.