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DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Li6V3P8O29 by Materials Project

Li6V3P8O29 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are twelve inequivalent Li1+ sites. In the first Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.96–2.36 Å. In the second Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.23 Å. In the third Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 66–70°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.24 Å. In the fourth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with four PO4 tetrahedra and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.19 Å. In the fifth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with four PO4 tetrahedra and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.94–2.20 Å. In the sixth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.96–2.22 Å. In the seventh Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.96–2.14 Å. In the eighth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.96–2.20 Å. In the ninth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 66–71°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.84–2.29 Å. In the tenth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.98–2.25 Å. In the eleventh Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.40 Å. In the twelfth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded in a 5-coordinate geometry to five O2- atoms. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.92–2.70 Å. There are six inequivalent V4+ sites. In the first V4+ site, V4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and edges with two LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.84–2.02 Å. In the second V4+ site, V4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.86–2.01 Å. In the third V4+ site, V4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra and corners with six PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.05 Å. In the fourth V4+ site, V4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.06 Å. In the fifth V4+ site, V4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.02 Å. In the sixth V4+ site, V4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.88–2.02 Å. There are sixteen inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, and a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedral tilt angles are 44°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.63 Å. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 42–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the third P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 37–45°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the fourth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 33–36°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the fifth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 31–36°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.61 Å. In the sixth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 43–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.61 Å. In the seventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 36–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the eighth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 39–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.61 Å. In the ninth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 43–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.61 Å. In the tenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 37–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the eleventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 41–45°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.62 Å. In the twelfth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 31–36°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.61 Å. In the thirteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 29–34°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.60 Å. In the fourteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 38–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.60 Å. In the fifteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 43–49°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.62 Å. In the sixteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 44–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.63 Å. There are fifty-eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V4+, and one P5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V4+, and one P5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V4+, and one P5+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V4+ and one P5+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V4+ and one P5+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 2-coordinate geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one V4+ and one P5+ atom. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V4+, and one P5+ atom. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one V4+ and one P5+ atom. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V4+, and one P5+ atom. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P5+ atom. In the fifteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V4+, and one P5+ atom. In the sixteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V4+, and one P5+ atom. In the seventeenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one Li1+, one V4+, and one P5+ atom. In the eighteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V4+, and one P5+ atom. In the nineteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 120 degrees geometry to two P5+ atoms. In the twentieth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the twenty-first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geom

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Li6V3P8O29 by Materials Project

Li6V3P8O29 crystallizes in the triclinic P1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. there are twelve inequivalent Li1+ sites. In the first Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.96–2.21 Å. In the second Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.96–2.24 Å. In the third Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 65–67°. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.21 Å. In the fourth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.90–2.27 Å. In the fifth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.96–2.24 Å. In the sixth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.96–2.19 Å. In the seventh Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.95–2.28 Å. In the eighth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.27 Å. In the ninth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with four PO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 66–67°. There are one shorter (1.89 Å) and three longer (2.17 Å) Li–O bond lengths. In the tenth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.97–2.19 Å. In the eleventh Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.96–2.25 Å. In the twelfth Li1+ site, Li1+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form distorted LiO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with four PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one VO6 octahedra. There are a spread of Li–O bond distances ranging from 1.94–2.30 Å. There are six inequivalent V4+ sites. In the first V4+ site, V4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and edges with two LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.86–1.99 Å. In the second V4+ site, V4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and edges with two LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.90–2.04 Å. In the third V4+ site, V4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.87–2.01 Å. In the fourth V4+ site, V4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and edges with two LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.05 Å. In the fifth V4+ site, V4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and an edgeedge with one LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.01 Å. In the sixth V4+ site, V4+ is bonded to six O2- atoms to form VO6 octahedra that share a cornercorner with one LiO4 tetrahedra, corners with six PO4 tetrahedra, and edges with two LiO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of V–O bond distances ranging from 1.89–2.04 Å. There are sixteen inequivalent P5+ sites. In the first P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 41–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.47–1.62 Å. In the second P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 42–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.60 Å. In the third P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 37–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the fourth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 31–35°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the fifth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 33–34°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.60 Å. In the sixth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 45–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.48–1.62 Å. In the seventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 42–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.61 Å. In the eighth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with four LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 46–49°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.51–1.62 Å. In the ninth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with two LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 43–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.46–1.63 Å. In the tenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 36–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the eleventh P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 43–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the twelfth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 34–36°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.60 Å. In the thirteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with three VO6 octahedra and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 29–35°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.59 Å. In the fourteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 41–47°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.61 Å. In the fifteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with three LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 36–46°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. In the sixteenth P5+ site, P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form PO4 tetrahedra that share corners with two VO6 octahedra, a cornercorner with one PO4 tetrahedra, and corners with four LiO4 tetrahedra. The corner-sharing octahedra tilt angles range from 46–48°. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.50–1.62 Å. There are fifty-eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V4+, and one P5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V4+ and one P5+ atom. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V4+, and one P5+ atom. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V4+ and one P5+ atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 150 degrees geometry to one V4+ and one P5+ atom. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to two Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the ninth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Li1+, one V4+, and one P5+ atom. In the tenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V4+, and one P5+ atom. In the eleventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted bent 150 degrees geometry to one V4+ and one P5+ atom. In the twelfth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V4+, and one P5+ atom. In the thirteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a linear geometry to one Li1+ and one P5+ atom. In the fourteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one P5+ atom. In the fifteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 3-coordinate geometry to one Li1+, one V4+, and one P5+ atom. In the sixteenth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar ge

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2022

Crystal structure of nequinate, C 22 H 23 NO 4

The crystal structure of nequinate has been solved and refined using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data and optimized using density functional techniques. Nequinate crystallizes in the space group P2 1 /c (#14) with a = 18.35662(20), b = 11.68784(6), c = 9.06122(4) Å, β = 99.3314(5)°, V = 1918.352(13) Å 3 , and Z = 4. The crystal structure is dominated by the stacking of the approximately planar molecules. N–H∙∙∙O hydrogen bonds link adjacent molecules into chains parallel to the b-axis. The powder pattern has been submitted to ICDD for inclusion in the Powder Diffraction File™ (PDF®).

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2025

Atomic-Scale Dynamics of Five-Fold Twin Mediated Coalescence: Pathway-Dependent and Defect-Governed Nonclassical Growth Mechanisms

Defective crystals with distinct properties have been discovered in many systems. However, the growth mechanism of defective crystals is still poorly understood. Here, in this work, using a 5-fold twinned gold (Au) nanocrystal (NC) as a model system, three new coalescence pathways involving detwinning or twinning have been uncovered through atomic-scale dynamic observations in an aberration-corrected transmission electron microscope coupled with atomistic simulations. This demonstrates that beyond crystal size, coalescence growth dynamics involving 5-fold twins (5-FTs) are highly dependent on crystal defect density and the approach pathways of the crystals. When a 5-FT encounters a smaller 5-FT or a smaller NC in a face-to-face way, a new, larger 5-FT is produced at a relatively fast coalescence growth rate; while in a corner-to-corner way, the coalescence dynamics are more retarded and sluggish, which is conducive to the formation of complex multitwined structures rather than 5-FTs. This highlights that the planar defect density and crystal approach pathway influence the coalescence dynamics of crystals containing 5-FT. Moreover, a column-by-column grain boundary (GB) migration mechanism, which results in bent GBs, was also unveiled during the crystal coalescence process. These results enrich the general understanding of the crystal growth theory and provide new insights into the controllable fabrication of 5-FTs by crystal coalescence mechanisms.

crystallization↗
DOE OSTI2021

3-D Prismatic Packaging Methodologies for Wide Band Gap Power Electronics Modules

In a power module the parasitic inductance limits the dynamic high-frequency performance, and the area of the cooling surfaces limits the power capability. This paper presents a new 3D power electronic design methodology based on the concept of mutual inductance cancellation and multi-sided heat transfer. New 3D prismatic packaging concepts are proposed for Wide Band Gap (WBG) power devices, where the devices can be mounted at acute angles to adjacent interconnects or other devices. Discussion is given on electrical and thermal path optimization in a 3D space. To validate the 3D prismatic packaging methodology, a 1200V/50A SiC half-bridge power module is fabricated and tested for electrical and thermal performance and results are compared with simulations. The power density calculated for the module is 12 kW/in3 (including heatsink) and shows a 31.3% inductance reduction compared to a 2D planar module. Finally, design guidance suggested for utilizing prismatic structures is provided, together with suggested future work in the area. This paper presents the first reported true 3D power module.

24 POWER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION↗
DOE OSTI2023

Metal-ligand interactions in a redox active ligand system. Electrochemistry and spectroscopy of [M(dipyvd) 2 ] n+ (M=Zn, Ni, n =0, 1, 2)

Reaction of nickel and zinc triflates with the tridentate leucoverdazyl 1-isopropyl-3,5-di (2'-pyridyl)-6-oxo-2H-tetrazine (dipyvdH) and triethylamine resulted in the neutral coordination compounds M(dipyvd) 2 (M = Ni,Zn). In acetonitrile, both compounds undergo two one electron oxidation processes, Zn (dipyvd) 2 at -0.28 V and -0.12 V and Ni(dipyvd) 2 at -0.32 V and -0.15 V vs ferrocene/ferricenium. Oxidations are ligand based resulting in an intermediate mixed valence species and a cationic bis(verdazyl) compound respectively. Oxidation of the ligand changes a localized, antiaromatic, non-planar 8π electron anion to a planar, delocalized 7π electron radical. The change in ligand structure results in an increase in the octahedral ligand field splitting from 10,500 cm –1 to ~13,000 cm –1 , suggesting an increase in the pi acceptor character of the ligand. In the mixed valence species, spectroscopic data suggests minimal interaction between ligands mediated by the metal center; i.e., these are class I-II systems in the Robin-Day classification.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2024

In-Plane Liftout and Push-to-Pull for In Situ Mechanical Testing of Irradiated Inconel X-750

A streamlined sample preparation method for nanomechanical testing is needed to improve the quality of specimens, reduce the cost, and increase the versatility of specimen fabrication. This work outlines an in-plane liftout focused ion beam (FIB) fabrication procedure to prepare electron-transparent specimens for in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) nanomechanical testing. Ion etching and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques were used to lift out a [110] oriented grain from a neutron-irradiated bulk X-750 alloy. Careful control of voltages and currents ensured precision. Top surface thinning sweeps prevented resurfacing and redeposition while dog-bone geometries were shaped with a 1:4 gauge width-to-milling pattern diameter ratio. Nanotensile testing in the TEM with a picoindenter allowed for the estimation of an ultimate tensile strength of 2.41 GPa, and inspection revealed a high density of bubbles in the X-750 matrix. The proposed fabrication procedure is significant for preparing samples from radioactive materials, studying complex structures that are orientation-dependent, and analyzing desired planar areas.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Zn2Cu(AsO4)2 by Materials Project

CuZn2(AsO4)2 crystallizes in the triclinic P-1 space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Cu2+ is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to four O2- atoms. There is two shorter (1.92 Å) and two longer (2.03 Å) Cu–O bond length. Zn2+ is bonded to five O2- atoms to form ZnO5 trigonal bipyramids that share corners with five equivalent AsO4 tetrahedra and an edgeedge with one ZnO5 trigonal bipyramid. There are a spread of Zn–O bond distances ranging from 1.98–2.19 Å. As5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form AsO4 tetrahedra that share corners with five equivalent ZnO5 trigonal bipyramids. There are a spread of As–O bond distances ranging from 1.70–1.75 Å. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to one Cu2+, one Zn2+, and one As5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to one Zn2+ and one As5+ atom. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to two equivalent Zn2+ and one As5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to one Cu2+, one Zn2+, and one As5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Rb by Materials Project

Rb is alpha-like structured and crystallizes in the orthorhombic Fddd space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Rb is bonded in a distorted hexagonal planar geometry to six equivalent Rb atoms. There are a spread of Rb–Rb bond distances ranging from 4.58–4.97 Å.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on B2Pb6SO12 by Materials Project

B2Pb6SO12 crystallizes in the orthorhombic Pnma space group. The structure is three-dimensional. B3+ is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three O2- atoms. There are a spread of B–O bond distances ranging from 1.38–1.40 Å. There are four inequivalent Pb+3.33+ sites. In the first Pb+3.33+ site, Pb+3.33+ is bonded in a distorted rectangular see-saw-like geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Pb–O bond distances ranging from 2.20–2.78 Å. In the second Pb+3.33+ site, Pb+3.33+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Pb–O bond distances ranging from 2.31–2.88 Å. In the third Pb+3.33+ site, Pb+3.33+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Pb–O bond distances ranging from 2.22–2.75 Å. In the fourth Pb+3.33+ site, Pb+3.33+ is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of Pb–O bond distances ranging from 2.45–2.52 Å. S2- is bonded in a tetrahedral geometry to four O2- atoms. There are a spread of S–O bond distances ranging from 1.49–1.52 Å. There are eight inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one Pb+3.33+ and one S2- atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one B3+ and two Pb+3.33+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one B3+ and two Pb+3.33+ atoms. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted single-bond geometry to one B3+ and two Pb+3.33+ atoms. In the fifth O2- site, O2- is bonded to four Pb+3.33+ atoms to form distorted corner-sharing OPb4 tetrahedra. In the sixth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to three Pb+3.33+ and one S2- atom. In the seventh O2- site, O2- is bonded in a trigonal planar geometry to three Pb+3.33+ atoms. In the eighth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a single-bond geometry to one S2- atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on LaSi2Ru3 by Materials Project

LaRu3Si2 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6_3/mcm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. La2+ is bonded in a hexagonal planar geometry to six equivalent Si4- atoms. All La–Si bond lengths are 3.29 Å. Ru2+ is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to four equivalent Si4- atoms. All Ru–Si bond lengths are 2.44 Å. Si4- is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent La2+ and six equivalent Ru2+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on LaSi2Ru3 by Materials Project

LaRu3Si2 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. La2+ is bonded in a hexagonal planar geometry to six equivalent Si4- atoms. All La–Si bond lengths are 3.30 Å. Ru2+ is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to four equivalent Si4- atoms. All Ru–Si bond lengths are 2.44 Å. Si4- is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to three equivalent La2+ and six equivalent Ru2+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on NdSi2Ru3 by Materials Project

NdRu3Si2 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Nd2+ is bonded in a hexagonal planar geometry to six equivalent Si4- atoms. All Nd–Si bond lengths are 3.26 Å. Ru2+ is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to four equivalent Si4- atoms. All Ru–Si bond lengths are 2.44 Å. Si4- is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Nd2+ and six equivalent Ru2+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on SmSi2Ru3 by Materials Project

SmRu3Si2 crystallizes in the hexagonal P6/mmm space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sm2+ is bonded in a hexagonal planar geometry to six equivalent Si4- atoms. All Sm–Si bond lengths are 3.24 Å. Ru2+ is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to four equivalent Si4- atoms. All Ru–Si bond lengths are 2.43 Å. Si4- is bonded in a 9-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Sm2+ and six equivalent Ru2+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on LiNO3 by Materials Project

LiNO3 crystallizes in the trigonal R-3m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Li1+ is bonded in a hexagonal planar geometry to six equivalent O2- atoms. All Li–O bond lengths are 2.06 Å. N5+ is bonded in a hexagonal planar geometry to six equivalent O2- atoms. All N–O bond lengths are 2.06 Å. O2- is bonded in a 4-coordinate geometry to two equivalent Li1+ and two equivalent N5+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on Ag2P2PdO7 by Materials Project

PdAg2P2O7 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Pd2+ is bonded in a square co-planar geometry to four O2- atoms. There are two shorter (2.04 Å) and two longer (2.05 Å) Pd–O bond lengths. Ag1+ is bonded in a 6-coordinate geometry to six O2- atoms. There are a spread of Ag–O bond distances ranging from 2.36–2.76 Å. P5+ is bonded to four O2- atoms to form corner-sharing PO4 tetrahedra. There are a spread of P–O bond distances ranging from 1.52–1.63 Å. There are four inequivalent O2- sites. In the first O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to three equivalent Ag1+ and one P5+ atom. In the second O2- site, O2- is bonded in a bent 120 degrees geometry to two equivalent P5+ atoms. In the third O2- site, O2- is bonded in a 1-coordinate geometry to one Pd2+, two equivalent Ag1+, and one P5+ atom. In the fourth O2- site, O2- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Pd2+, one Ag1+, and one P5+ atom.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Curvature-induced hydrophobicity at imogolite–water interfaces

Imogolite, a nanotubular aluminosilicate mineral, is commonly found in volcanic soils, where it exerts a control on carbon dynamics. Synthetic imogolites are used for the removal of contaminants from industrial effluents and are considered for a range of other applications including gas adsorption and functionalised heterogeneous catalysts. In spite of their environmental and industrial relevance, the properties of imogolite–water interfaces remain poorly understood. In this work, an experimental and computational study is presented in which the structure and energetics of water are characterized on the curved external surface of imogolite and the hydrophilicity of this surface is contrasted with that of gibbsite, its planar counterpart. Atomic force spectroscopy experiments show that in spite of their identical surface structure, imogolite has a lower hygroscopicity than gibbsite. Molecular dynamics simulations provide an explanation for this observation: the curvature of imogolite prevents the formation of in-plane H-bonds along the directions of the nanotube circumference, lowering the enthalpy of adsorption of water molecules. The different arrangement of surface H-bonds and the resulting differences in hydration properties also affects the acidity constants of surface hydroxyl groups. This ‘nanotube effect’ may be relevant to other nanotubular systems with high curvatures, potentially impacting their wetting properties, their colloidal stability and their affinity towards hydrophobic organic moieties.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2020

Materials Data on SrLa2Cl8 by Materials Project

SrLa2Cl8 crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/m space group. The structure is three-dimensional. Sr2+ is bonded in a distorted square co-planar geometry to four Cl1- atoms. There are two shorter (3.03 Å) and two longer (3.14 Å) Sr–Cl bond lengths. La3+ is bonded in a 8-coordinate geometry to eight Cl1- atoms. There are a spread of La–Cl bond distances ranging from 2.88–2.95 Å. There are three inequivalent Cl1- sites. In the first Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted water-like geometry to two equivalent La3+ atoms. In the second Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a trigonal non-coplanar geometry to one Sr2+ and two equivalent La3+ atoms. In the third Cl1- site, Cl1- is bonded in a distorted trigonal planar geometry to one Sr2+ and two equivalent La3+ atoms.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗