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DOE OSTI2024

Advanced Compressors for CO2-Based Power Cycles and Energy

Pumped thermal energy storage (PTES) is a cost-effective method for grid-scale, long-duration electrical energy storage (LDES). PTES uses a heat pump cycle to transfer thermal energy from a low temperature reservoir (LTR) to a high temperature reservoir (HTR), later using a heat engine cycle to reverse the process. A key component of the PTES system, the heat pump compressor, represents a significant driver to the cost, performance and operating characteristics of the PTES system. For grid-scale charging (>100 MW), traditional compressor scaling charts indicate that the operating conditions needed would be best served by a multistage axial compressor. While frame gas turbine compressors at these power ratings exist and operate at higher pressure ratios than needed for the CO2 PTES system, the inlet pressure and fluid density of this application exceed experience values. A conceptual design of a large-scale CO2 axial compressor was completed, including mean-line estimates of the compressor performance at full power conditions. The results of the conceptual design were used to refine the PTES cycle design, and updated operating conditions provided for further aero design optimization. A roughly one third scale of the first three stages of the 100 MW compressor was designed, built, and tested at relevant PTES charging conditions. Results of this test program are compared against high-resolution computational fluid dynamics models.

Compressor Heat↗

DOE OSTI2023

Performance Comparison of Helium and sCO 2 as Coolants for Modular Finger-Type Divertors

Several studies at the Georgia Institute of Technology have evaluated the thermal and fluids performance of the helium-cooled modular divertor with multiple jets (HEMJ) over the past decade. This finger-type divertor was studied both experimentally at nearly prototypical conditions and numerically at fully prototypical operating conditions using experimentally validated simulations. Recently, supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO 2 ) has been studied as the primary coolant in power cycles and other applications in various systems, in part because CO 2 achieves the high densities typical of supercritical fluids at relatively low temperatures and pressures, with a critical point of (7.38 MPa, 31°C). This density makes it possible to realize very compact and efficient sCO 2 power cycles. The feasibility of sCO 2 as a coolant for plasma-facing components, specifically the divertor, was therefore evaluated as part of the Fusion Energy System Studies design study activities. This work compares the thermal-fluid performance of helium and sCO 2 in the HEMJ divertor geometry using numerical simulations at prototypical conditions: inlet temperatures T i = 600°C to 700°C, pressures p ≈ 10 MPa, and steady-state incident heat fluxes on the tile q″ < 17 MW/m 2 . The performance is quantified here as the maximum heat flux that can be accommodated by the plasma-facing tile, the pumping power fraction, defined as the ratio of the coolant pumping power to the incident thermal power, and the operating stress limits based on ASME pressure vessel criteria. As expected, helium requires lower mass flow rates and pumping power fractions within imposed maximum temperature limits for the HEMJ pressure boundary. However, it also appears that neither helium nor sCO 2 can remove 10 MW/m 2 of incident heat flux while meeting ASME pressure vessel criteria. Finally, the numerical modeling reveals that sCO 2 may remove slightly higher incident heat fluxes than helium due to the imposed stress limits due to the sCO 2 coolant resulting in smaller local temperature gradients, albeit at a considerably higher pumping power fraction.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗

DOE OSTI2025

Advanced Computational Modeling of High-Level Waste Vitrification at the Hanford Site

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has selected vitrification for stabilizing legacy tank waste at the Hanford site, where radioactive waste from plutonium production was historically stored in underground tanks. This waste will be separated into low-activity waste (LAW) and high-level waste (HLW) fractions and processed at the Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP). At WTP, glass melters are used for the vitrification of radioactive tank waste, transforming it into a stable borosilicate glass form for safe long-term storage. The melter vessel is constructed from highly durable and heat-resistant materials, where the vitrification process occurs. The main regions that are modeled are the melt pool, plenum, cold cap, riser/discharge chamber, and surrounding structure with insulation layers. Forced convection induced by air bubblers at the base of the melter ensure uniform temperature distribution and provide heat to the cold cap layer. The cold cap is a region of reacting batch feed that floats on top of the molten glass and is where the batch-to-glass reactions occur. Joule heating provided by electrodes mounted along the vertical walls of the melter and immersed directly in the glass, generates the necessary heat for the net endothermic conversion processes that occur in the cold cap. The high temperatures, radioactivity, and opaque nature of the glass prevent direct observation inside the melters. Therefore, computational models are essential for providing insight into factors that affect melter throughput. Thermocouples in the plenum provide operators with plenum temperature measurements. Operational adjustments include bubbling rate, voltage supplied to the electrodes, feed adjustments, and glass removal rate. Different computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models have been developed, each serving a specific purpose. There are CFD models of different scale melters, as well as models that capture the two-phase flow interfaces of rising bubbles in the molten glass or models with a simplified molten glass region so that the surrounding structure and plenum can be feasibly incorporated. Pilot-scale melter models have been developed to serve as validation of the methods employed in the simulation of the full-scale WTP melters. Models incorporating resolved bubbling are used to develop momentum source terms to implement into a single phase, multi-region, steady-state flow model that is being validated by measured process parameters such as glass production rate, voltage, input power, plenum temperatures, etc. The resolved bubbling model uses the multiphase volume of fluid approach to model the system with a high-resolution interface capturing scheme to maintain sharp interfaces between the molten glass and the air phase. The suite of CFD models is continually being improved to incorporate more realistic physics and achieve faster turnaround time. For example, an incremental controller is implemented to automatically adjust electrode voltage within the simulation to a molten glass set point temperature of 1150°C. Newer models feature improved meshes to ensure conformal meshes between regions and eliminate unnecessary mesh refinement in areas that are not of interest (such as boundary layers in offgas ports). Instead of explicitly modeling the structural, refractory, and insulation layers of the melter, a thermal resistance approach is used with published correlations used for boundary conditions. The development of robust and efficient CFD models will be instrumental in enabling the WTP to successfully fulfill its mission of safely stabilizing legacy nuclear waste.

12 - MGMT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTE↗

DOE OSTI2020

Deposit geometry and oxygen concentration spatial variations due to composition change in printed functionally graded components

Functionally graded materials (FGMs) with site specific chemical composition are commonly manufactured by directed energy deposition (DED). Although previous work fabricated an FGM with a compositional variation between a ferritic and austenitic alloy, difficulties arose due to variations in deposit shape with composition change. This problem also occurs for FGMs in literature; however, unlike other cases, the thermophysical properties of these two alloys were similar throughout the build. Here, we investigate the role of chemical composition and surface-active elements on deposit geometry during the manufacture of FGMs by laser DED. Single-track experiments for the relevant FGM compositions are analyzed with results from a well-tested, three-dimensional, transient numerical heat transfer and fluid flow model and thermodynamic calculations. Experiments showed deposit shape varied as a function of composition for constant laser power and scan speed. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the oxygen solubility in the fusion zone varied significantly for each composition used for the FGM. Numerical modeling revealed that the change in fluid flow caused by Marangoni convection due to dissolved oxygen in the fusion zone were mainly responsible for the changes in deposit shape observed in experiments. Finally, because oxygen can be introduced into the fusion zone through the feedstock as well as the surrounding atmosphere, these findings elucidate a previously unconsidered aspect of process control during DED fabrication of FGMs.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗

DOE OSTI2021

The Madison plasma dynamo experiment: A facility for studying laboratory plasma astrophysics

The Madison plasma dynamo experiment (MPDX) is a novel, versatile, basic plasma research device designed to investigate flow driven magnetohydrodynamic instabilities and other high-β phenomena with astrophysically relevant parameters. A 3 m diameter vacuum vessel is lined with 36 rings of alternately oriented 4000 G samarium cobalt magnets, which create an axisymmetric multicusp that contains ∼14 m3of nearly magnetic field free plasma that is well confined and highly ionized (>50%). At present, 8 lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) cathodes and 10 molybdenum anodes are inserted into the vessel and biased up to 500 V, drawing 40 A each cathode, ionizing a low pressure Ar or He fill gas and heating it. Up to 100 kW of electron cyclotron heating power is planned for additional electron heating. The LaB6cathodes are positioned in the magnetized edge to drive toroidal rotation through J × B torques that propagate into the unmagnetized core plasma. Dynamo studies on MPDX require a high magnetic Reynolds number Rm > 1000, and an adjustable fluid Reynolds number 10 1). Initial results from MPDX are presented along with a 0-dimensional power and particle balance model to predict the viscosity and resistivity to achieve dynamo action.

70 PLASMA PHYSICS AND FUSION TECHNOLOGY↗

DOE OSTI2024

Large eddy simulation of particle dispersion analysis in a pressurized reactive fluid–particle system

Pressurized oxy-combustion (POC) is a promising candidate to reduce carbon emissions in power generation. Designing an effective burner plays a vital role in developing new combustion technologies. Because of high pressure, the volumetric fraction of particles in a pressurized oxy-combustor could be higher than that in the conventional combustor, consequently, the particle dynamics in the pressurized vessel need to be evaluated accordingly. Specifically, the present computational work analyzes the pattern of the particle dispersion by extracting the particle mass flow rate and the particle size distribution in the pressurized combustor. A large eddy simulation (LES) with the environment pressure 15-bar and 100 kWth thermal input of fuel particle has been performed. The particle mass flow rates sampled in several cross-section planes strongly fluctuate, indicating the impacts of the flame as well as the gas-phase flow on the particle movement. Animations of the particle-gas flow show that the flow recirculation plays a major role in producing the pulsing phenomenon of the particle mass flow rate.

Li, Lei↗

DOE OSTI2023

Enhancement of operational Flexibility of Power Plants Using IN740

Headers are crucial components within diverse industries, especially in the energy sector, as they enable the efficient transfer of fluids. The selection of materials for headers is determined by their specific applications; for example, Grade 91 and Grade 92 steels are commonly utilized. In our research, we recommend the adoption of INCONEL alloy 740 due to its exceptional robustness and heat-resistant characteristics. One critical parameter in header systems is the heat transfer coefficient, which directly influences the efficiency of heat exchange processes and can thereby impact the structural integrity of the headers. This coefficient is closely linked with factors such as the Nusselt number, which is influenced by fluid flow characteristics and thermal properties. The flow direction within headers, whether unidirectional or multidirectional—significantly affects the overall dynamics of heat transfer. This research focuses on exploring the behavior of headers, a specific pipeline system component, using ANSYS simulation software. The study aims to predict heat transfer and mechanical behavior within headers under various conditions through steady-state and transient simulations (parts 1 and 2 of the report). Key parameters such as heat transfer coefficient, velocity, and temperature are examined with the goal of optimizing header design. Part 3 of the report addresses the critical yet underexplored relationship between pressure drop and heat transfer coefficients in the transient flow regime within headers, specifically focusing on smooth horizontal circular tubes. Limited experimental work has been conducted in this area, prompting the need for comprehensive analysis. By leveraging machine learning techniques, this research aims to establish a correlation between pressure drop and heat transfer across various flow conditions, including laminar, transient, quasi-turbulent, and turbulent regimes. The data utilized for this analysis were meticulously gathered from existing literature, capturing simultaneous measurements of pressure drops and heat transfer. Part 4: In the context of power plants, header pipes are essential components that significantly influence system performance by facilitating the collection and distribution of steam. This report highlights the critical role of header pipes in enhancing reliability, efficiency, and overall power plant performance. A key aspect of this investigation is shape optimization, which aims to maximize performance while minimizing material usage. By focusing on shape optimization, this research contributes to improved efficiency and a reduced environmental footprint for power plant installations. The methodology developed in this study emphasizes optimizing header shapes to decrease reliance on expensive alloy materials and lower maintenance costs. Furthermore, a case study was conducted using a header from an operational power plant to validate the proposed optimization techniques. Finally, part 5 addresses the challenges associated with flexible operations in boiler systems, the study outlines several strategies for enhancing the durability and reliability of steam headers. Key approaches include material selection, which involves utilizing advanced materials with superior high-temperature properties and enhanced fatigue resistance to extend the lifespan of steam headers. Design modifications are also recommended, focusing on implementing changes that mitigate thermal stress and cyclic loading to reduce the likelihood of failures under varying operating conditions. Additionally, the study emphasizes the importance of regular inspection and monitoring by establishing rigorous protocols to detect early signs of damage, allowing for timely maintenance and minimizing the risks of catastrophic failures. Furthermore, operational guidelines are developed to minimize the frequency and severity of thermal transients, ensuring stable and efficient operations. Collectively, these strategies provide a robust framework for overcoming the unique challenges posed by flexible operation in boiler systems, ultimately contributing to improved reliability and performance in power plant operations. Through this comprehensive approach, the study not only enhances the understanding of pressure drop and heat transfer relationships but also promotes advancements in design and operation that will benefit the entire power generation industry.

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT↗

DOE OSTI2023

In-situ thermophysical measurement of flowing molten chloride salt using modulated photothermal radiometry

Molten salts are leading candidates for high-temperature heat transfer fluids (HTFs) for thermal energy storage and conversion systems in concentrated solar power (CSP) and nuclear energy power plants. The ability to probe molten salt thermal transport properties in both stationary and flowing status is important for the evaluation of their heat transfer performance under realistic operational conditions, including the temperature range and potential degradation due to corrosion and contamination. However, accurate thermal transport properties are usually challenging to obtain even for stagnant molten salts due to different sources of errors from convection, radiation, and corrosion, let alone at flowing status. To the best of authors’ knowledge, there is no available in-situ technique for measuring flowing molten salt thermal conductivity. Here, we report the first in-situ flowing molten salt thermal conductivity measurement using modulated photothermal radiometry (MPR). We could successfully perform the first in-situ thermal conductivity measurement of flowing molten NaCl-KCl-MgCl 2 in the typical operating temperature (520 and 580 °C) with flow velocities ranging from around 0.3 to 1.0 m s -1 . The relative change of the molten salt thermal conductivity was measured. Gnielinski’s correlation was also used to estimate the heat transfer coefficient h of the flowing NaCl-KCl-MgCl 2 in the given experimental condition. Furthermore, the work showed the potential of the MPR technique serving as an in-situ diagnostics tool to evaluate the heat transfer performance of flowing molten salts and other high-temperature HTFs.

14 SOLAR ENERGY↗

DOE OSTI2025

Perfect Coulomb drag and exciton transport in an excitonic insulator

Strongly coupled electron-hole bilayers can host quantum states of interlayer excitons, such as high-temperature exciton condensates at zero magnetic field. This state is predicted to feature perfect Coulomb drag, where a current in one layer is accompanied by an equal but opposite current in the other. We used an optical technique to probe the electrical transport of correlated electron-hole bilayers based on MoSe2/hBN/WSe2 heterostructures. We observed perfect Coulomb drag in the excitonic insulator phase at low temperatures; the counterflow resistance of interlayer excitons remained finite. These results indicate the formation of an exciton gas that does not condense into a superfluid. Our work demonstrates that dynamic optical spectroscopy provides a powerful tool for probing exciton transport behavior in correlated electron-hole fluids.

Qi, Ruishi↗

DOE OSTI2021

Short term collaborations of the NEAMS Center of Excellence: third wave

A primary goal of the Department of Energy’s Nuclear Energy Advanced Modeling and Simulation (NEAMS) program is to develop the next generation of simulations tools to support the design and deployment of commercial nuclear power. The mission of the NEAMS Center of Excellence for Thermal-fluids Applications in Nuclear Energy is to advance this goal by providing leadership, best practices, research, and support and training for computational thermal-fluids applications in nuclear energy. This is accomplished by leveraging expertise in the NEAMS tools to solve challenging problems in fluid flow and heat transfer. The NEAMS tools provide simulation capabilities covering a range of temporal and spatial scales and the Center connects stakeholders in industry with the expertise to use these tools to their fullest. This addresses a pressing need, facilitating advanced reactor development and commercialization.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗

DOE OSTI2024

3D Printing of Inconel 718 with Enhanced Boron Composition as a Novel Solar Absorber Tube Material in the Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) System

The growing demands for elevated efficiency in the solar energy industry led researchers to focus on the development of functional solar absorber tube material in concentrated solar power (CSP) systems, when molten salts are adopted as the heat transfer fluid. In this study, the typical solar absorber tube material, Inconel 718, was enhanced with boron to achieve a higher solar absorptivity in the visible light spectrum. Combined with an additive manufacturing (AM) method, the boron composition exceeded the traditional manufacturing limit of 60 ppm without microstructural defects. The boron-enhanced Inconel 718 exhibited a high solar absorptivity of nearly 90 % while maintaining a high thermal cycle fatigue resistance after thermal cycling treatment between 550°C and 720°C. The boron composition was increased to the manufacturing failure point, and the effects of different boron compositions on mechanical properties, microstructure, and optical properties were studied. The provided microstructure-property map in this study delivers high potentials of functional AM-printed alloy material in CSP applications.

13 HYDRO ENERGY↗

DOE OSTI2024

Ab-initio molecular dynamics study of eutectic chloride salt: MgCl2–NaCl–KCl

Ionic liquid materials are viable candidates as a heat transfer fluid (HTF) in a wide range of applications, notably within concentrated solar power (CSP) technology and molten salt reactors (MSRs). For next-generation CSP and MSR technologies that strive for higher power generation efficiency, a HTF with wide liquid phase range and energy storage capabilities is crucial. Studies have shown that eutectic chloride salts exhibit thermal stability at high temperatures, high heat storage capacity, and are less expensive than nitrate and carbonate salts. However, the experimental data needed to fully evaluate the potential of eutectic chloride salts as a HTF contender are scarce and entail large uncertainties. Considering the high cost and potential hazards associated with the experimental methods used to determine the properties of ionic liquids, molecular modeling can be used as a viable alternative resource. In this study, the eutectic ternary chloride salt MgCl 2 –NaCl–KCl is modeled using ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations (AIMDs) in the liquid phase. Using the simulated data, the thermophysical and transport properties of eutectic chloride salt can be calculated: density, viscosity, heat capacity, diffusion coefficient, and ionic conductivity. For an initial model validation, experimental pair-distribution function data were obtained from X-ray total scattering techniques and compared to the theoretical pair-distribution function. Additionally, theoretical viscosity values are compared to experimental viscosity values for a similar system. The results provide a starting foundation for a MgCl 2 –NaCl–KCl model that can be extended to predict other fundamental properties.

38 RADIATION CHEMISTRY, RADIOCHEMISTRY, AND NUCLEA↗

DOE OSTI2026

Preliminary Investigation of Target keff Search for Fuel Feed in MSRs

Fluid fuel molten salt reactor (MSR) concepts may achieve continuous-at-power operation with continuous or batch fresh fuel feed to counter reactivity loss from fuel burnup and fission product buildup. Accurate modeling and simulation of MSRs requires consideration of online fuel feed during depletion as well as a capability to determine the required feed amount to maintain a target multiplication factor (keff). As a first step supporting a full implementation of a new search capability into the SCALE code system’s TRITON reactor physics and depletion sequence, a preliminary investigation was performed to identify the best approach for a critical feed search capability considering computation time and accuracy. Using a simple iterative approach in which initial feed amounts were guessed based on previous depletion steps, the main drivers of computation time were found as the Monte Carlo neutron transport settings and the applied tolerance for the target keff. In the applied model, with tight convergence criteria (keff convergence to 8 pcm and a tolerance of ±15 pcm), the critical search calculation required twice the number of neutron transport calculations compared to a depletion calculation without critical search. In contrast, with a relaxed tolerance of ±50 pcm, the overall computation time for the critical search for merely increased by 30-40%. Further studies will be performed before implementing the critical search capability into TRITON.

Faulkner, Jonathon [ORNL]↗

DOE OSTI2021

Flattening the Radial Temperature Profile across the Transformational Challenge Reactor Core

The Transformational Challenge Reactor (TCR) program is demonstrating an agile development approach to advanced nuclear reactor design, which has traditionally utilized a linear design process. In leveraging artificial intelligence, additive manufacturing, advanced materials, and cutting-edge modeling and simulation, the TCR program aims to minimize the high cost and lengthy deployment timelines now standard in the nuclear industry. Within a relatively short period of time, a robust and mature advanced gas-cooled reactor was iteratively designed under the TCR program, using these cutting-edge technologies. The TCR is a 3 MWt gas-cooled microreactor fueled with uranium nitride (UN) tristructural isotropic (TRISO) fuel particles. Though manufactured via traditional means, these UN TRISO particles are loaded into additively manufactured silicon carbide (SiC) cans [4]. Once loaded with TRISO particles, the SiC cans are densified using a chemical vapor infiltration process. The additively manufactured SiC enables significantly more freedom in the design of the fuel form than could ever be achieved using traditionally manufactured SiC. The helium coolant, pressurized to 5 MPa, enters the core at 300°C and nominally exits it at 500°C. Typically, the most thermally limiting components in any reactor design are the fuel assemblies in the core center. To provide a wide thermal margin in these central fuel assemblies, the flow may be biased toward the center of the core to more effectively cool these fuel assemblies with more power deposition and flatten the core’s radial temperature distribution. An analytical fluid model of the TCR core was developed to explore methods for biasing the flow away from the cooler outer fuel assemblies and towards the hotter inner ones. Higher-fidelity models developed in STAR-CCM+ 2020.3.1, a computational fluid dynamics code, were then utilized to verify the analytical model’s findings.

22 GENERAL STUDIES OF NUCLEAR REACTORS↗

DOE OSTI2020

Analysis of the Impurity MgOHCl in Molten Chloride Salts Toward its Electrochemical Removal from CSP Plants During Operation

The work presented here is a study of the impurity MgOHCl in molten chloride salts, toward the eventual goal of electrochemically removing it from operational molten-chloride-based concentrating solar power (CSP) plants.1,2 Implementation of molten chloride salts as a heat transfer fluid is among the most promising pathways for decreasing the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of CSP systems because its high thermal stability allows higher operating temperatures, and thus, greater efficiency. However, this impurity - formed when MgCl2 salts are exposed to air and moisture - cause significant corrosion of containment alloys.1 Therefore, we have developed and validated in a laboratory setting: 1) a method for the formation of MgOHCl for controlled impurity spike in molten salt for its further sensing, evaluation, and reduction; 2) evaluated its diffusion in the molten salt, and 3) began assessing its electrochemical properties. Our findings allow us to propose solutions for efficiently and instantly removing MgOHCl from an operational CSP plant.

concentrated solar power↗

DOE OSTI2024

Technical and economic evaluation of heat transfer fluids for a TES system integrated to an advanced nuclear reactor

The utilization of thermal energy storage technology has emerged as a potential enhancement for nuclear power plants. Although nuclear energy systems possess the ability to adjust their energy output, prolonged variations in production can impact the plant's overall efficiency and economic viability. However, the nuclear industry can capitalize on thermal energy storage to bolster the power plant's economics by leveraging ancillary services and market hedging strategies. Here this research aims to advance the development of thermal energy storage for advanced nuclear reactors by assessing the thermophysical properties of various heat transfer fluids, including FLiNaK, KCl-MgCl 2 , LiCl-KCl, (LiNaK) 2 CO 3 , NaF-ZrF 4 , and KF-ZrF 4 , at temperatures ranging from 500 to 900oC. The assessment is conducted based on thermophysical correlations established in previous studies and employs figures of merit as a metric to evaluate the heat transfer performance of different salt candidates. Additionally, a cost analysis is conducted to provide an idea of the potential cost associated with each salt candidate.

25 ENERGY STORAGE↗

DOE OSTI2020

Integrated Traction Drive Thermal Management: Keystone Project 3

The presentation was developed for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Vehicle Technologies Program 2020 Annual Merit Review and Peer Evaluation Meeting. It reports on progress and accomplishments of DOE funded Integrated Traction Drive Thermal Management project. Highlighted are NREL's research accomplishments during FY 2020. Challenges associated with thermal management of integrated traction drives for electric vehicles arise due to the limited packaging space, coolant distribution, electrical connections, and ambient temperatures. For this project at NREL, research focuses on enabling thermal management technologies to support a modular, compact, self-contained integrated electric drive unit with motor and power electronics. Integration approaches, based on packaging location and coolant options for power electronics integrated with candidate motor technologies to reduce cables and connectors, are reviewed and compared using finite element analysis (FEA) tools. Automatic transmission fluid (ATF) jet impingement cooling characterization is carried out experimentally (measuring heat transfer coefficients) and using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling.

47 OTHER INSTRUMENTATION↗

DOE OSTI2022

Mass of Water Turbine Current Energy Converter CFD Results

The CFD (computational fluid dynamics) results for the Mass of Water Turbine (MOWT) current energy converter from MWNW Consulting (formerly Ecosse IP). Each case is self-contained in its own tar.gz archive file. The archive contains the scripts required to perform a full simulation using OpenFOAM v1906. The scripts to process the output and plot forces are included in "Plotting Scripts", and all computational meshes generated are included in "Computational Grids".

16 TIDAL AND WAVE POWER↗