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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.

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At least 289 records · Page 16
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2023

ABF DFO with Technology Holding, Inc.

This Agile BioFoundry Directed Funding Opportunity project with Technology Holding and partners focuses on the development of both a strain of Pseudomonas putida KT2440 and a corresponding bioprocess to convert cellulosic sugars to beta-ketoadipic acid, which can be used in performance nylons and polyesters. Our approach follows the Design-Build-Test-Learn cycle wherein we have transferred learnings from muconic acid production in P. putida to develop a glucose and xylose-utilizing beta-ketoadipic acid production strain. This strain achieves 65 g/L of beta-ketoadipic acid at 0.7 g/L/hr and a C-mol yield of 0.40. We are currently on-boarding arabinose utilization as well. To identify non-intuitive strain modifications as well, we are deploying a beta-ketoadipic acid biosensor and building randomly barcoded transposon insertion sequencing (RB-TnSeq) libraries and gene over-expression libraries in beta-ketoadipic acid production strains. Moreover, we are using global metabolomics and other systems biology tools to identify off-target pathways. Lastly, we are scaling up beta-ketoadipic acid production to kg-scale production for Technology Holding to evaluate in performance polymers with their partners.

beta-ketoadipic acid↗
DOE OSTI2024

Biosynthesis of Strained Amino Acids by a PLP‐Dependent Enzyme through Cryptic Halogenation

Abstract Amino acids (AAs) are modular building blocks which nature uses to synthesize both macromolecules, such as proteins, and small molecule natural products, such as alkaloids and non‐ribosomal peptides. While the 20 main proteinogenic AAs display relatively limited side chain diversity, a wide range of non‐canonical amino acids (ncAAs) exist that are not used by the ribosome for protein synthesis, but contain a broad array of structural features and functional groups. In this communication, we report the discovery of the biosynthetic pathway for a new ncAA, pazamine, which contains a cyclopropane ring formed in two steps. In the first step, a chlorine is added onto the C 4 position of lysine by a radical halogenase, PazA. The cyclopropane ring is then formed in the next step by a pyridoxal‐5′‐phosphate‐dependent enzyme, PazB, via an S N 2‐like attack at C 4 to eliminate chloride. Genetic studies of this pathway in the native host, Pseudomonas azotoformans , show that pazamine potentially inhibits ethylene biosynthesis in growing plants based on alterations in the root phenotype of Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. We further show that PazB can be utilized to make an alternative cyclobutane‐containing AA. These discoveries may lead to advances in biocatalytic production of specialty chemicals and agricultural biotechnology.

Sosa, Max B.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Protein–Protein Complex Stability Controls Substrate Scope in a β‐Ketoacyl‐ACP Reductase Specific for Medium Chains

Assembly-line enzymes carry out multistep synthesis of important metabolites by using acyl carrier proteins (ACPs) to shuttle intermediates along defined sequences of active sites. Despite longstanding interest in reprogramming these systems for metabolic engineering and biosynthetic chemistry, the mechanisms underlying their reaction order remain poorly understood and difficult to control. In this work, we describe a β-ketoacyl-ACP reductase from Pseudomonas putida (PpFabG4) with an unusual selectivity for medium chains and use it to explore the molecular basis of substrate specificity in enzymes that pull intermediates from fatty acid synthesis, a common route to specialized products. X-ray crystallography shows no obvious barriers to short-chain binding. Molecular simulations and supporting mutational analyses indicate that substrate preference arises instead from a weak enzyme–ACP interaction that is stabilized by medium acyl chains but not by short chains. Indeed, mutations that strengthen this interaction for PpFabG4 or weaken it for EcFabG, an Escherichia coli β-ketoacyl-ACP reductase with a broad substrate specificity, can enhance or reduce activity on short-chain substrates by over 100-fold. Our findings show how the stability of enzyme-ACP interactions can control substrate scope in promiscuous enzymes and guide the exchange of intermediates between (and within) assembly-line systems.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2025

Cu‐Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative C─C Cleavage in Lignin‐Derived Oligomers and Biological Funneling of the Monomeric Products

Existing methods for lignin deconstruction to aromatic monomers primarily cleave carbon–oxygen bonds within the polymer, resulting in sub-optimal monomer yields and formation of oligomers that retain intact carbon–carbon bonds. Here, we demonstrate that copper-catalyzed aerobic oxidation under aqueous alkaline conditions promotes oxidative cleavage of carbon–carbon bonds in lignin oligomers derived from reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) of pine and poplar biomass. Fundamental insights are gained from reactions of model compounds that resemble subunits present in RCF oligomers. Optimal results are achieved in a flow reactor that provides precise control over O2 delivery, temperature, and reaction residence time. The Cu-catalyzed aerobic oxidation conditions access aromatic monomers in 19 and 34 wt% monomer yields, respectively, from pine- and poplar-derived RCF oligomers. Overall, the sequence consisting of biomass RCF into monomers and oligomers followed by oxidative deconstruction of the RCF oligomers generates substantially higher yields of aromatic monomers from lignin. Engineered strains of Pseudomonas putida support biological funneling of the oligomer-derived oxygenated aromatic compounds into cis,cis-muconic acid from pine or 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylic acid from poplar.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2022

Simple Dipyrrin Analogues of Prodigiosin for Use as Colistin Adjuvants

Multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria are an increasing public health problem. One promising alternative to the development of new antibiotics is the use of antibiotic adjuvants, which would allow the continued use of FDA-approved antibiotics that have been rendered ineffective due to resistance. In this study, we report a series of dipyrrins and pyrrole derivatives designed as analogues of prodigiosin and obatoclax, several of which potentiate the activity of colistin against Klebsiella pneumoniae, with lead compounds also potentiating colistin against Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2023

Interactions with microbial consortia have variable effects in organic carbon and production of exometabolites among genotypes of Populus trichocarpa

Abstract Poplar is a short‐rotation woody crop frequently studied for its significance as a sustainable bioenergy source. The successful establishment of a poplar plantation partially depends on its rhizosphere—a dynamic zone governed by complex interactions between plant roots and a plethora of commensal, mutualistic, symbiotic, or pathogenic microbes that shape plant fitness. In an exploratory endeavor, we investigated the effects of a consortium consisting of ectomycorrhizal fungi and a beneficial Pseudomonas sp. strain GM41 on plant growth (including height, stem girth, leaf, and root growth) and as well as growth rate over time, across four Populus trichocarpa genotypes. Additionally, we compared the level of total organic carbon and plant exometabolite profiles across different poplar genotypes in the presence of the microbial consortium. These data revealed no significant difference in plant growth parameters between the treatments and the control across four different poplar genotypes at 7 weeks post‐inoculation. However, total organic carbon and exometabolite profiles were significantly different between the genotypes and the treatments. These findings suggest that this microbial consortium has the potential to trigger early signaling responses in poplar, influencing its metabolism in ways crucial for later developmental processes and stress tolerance.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

The Epidermal Microbiome Within an Aggregation of Leopard Sharks ( Triakis semifasciata ) Has Taxonomic Flexibility with Gene Functional Stability Across Three Time-points

The epidermis of Chondrichthyan fishes consists of dermal denticles with production of minimal but protein-rich mucus that collectively, influence the attachment and biofilm development of microbes, facilitating a unique epidermal microbiome. Here, we use metagenomics to provide the taxonomic and functional characterization of the epidermal microbiome of the Triakis semifasciata (leopard shark) at three time-points collected across 4 years to identify links between microbial groups and host metabolism. Our aims include (1) describing the variation of microbiome taxa over time and identifying recurrent microbiome members (present across all time-points); (2) investigating the relationship between the recurrent and flexible taxa (those which are not found consistently across time-points); (3) describing the functional compositions of the microbiome which may suggest links with the host metabolism; and (4) identifying whether metabolic processes are shared across microbial genera or are unique to specific taxa. Microbial members of the microbiome showed high similarity between all individuals (Bray–Curtis similarity index = 82.7, where 0 = no overlap, 100 = total overlap) with the relative abundance of those members varying across sampling time-points, suggesting flexibility of taxa in the microbiome. One hundred and eighty-eight genera were identified as recurrent, including Pseudomonas, Erythrobacter, Alcanivorax, Marinobacter, and Sphingopxis being consistently abundant across time-points, while Limnobacter and Xyella exhibited switching patterns with high relative abundance in 2013, Sphingobium and Sphingomona in 2015, and Altermonas, Leeuwenhoekiella, Gramella, and Maribacter in 2017. Of the 188 genera identified as recurrent, the top 19 relatively abundant genera formed three recurrent groups. The microbiome also displayed high functional similarity between individuals (Bray–Curtis similarity index = 97.6) with gene function composition remaining consistent across all time-points. These results show that while the presence of microbial genera exhibits consistency across time-points, their abundances do fluctuate. Microbial functions however remain stable across time-points; thus, we suggest the leopard shark microbiomes exhibit functional redundancy. We show coexistence of microbes hosted in elasmobranch microbiomes that encode genes involved in utilizing nitrogen, but not fixing nitrogen, degrading urea, and resistant to heavy metal.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Heterologous expression of phosphite dehydrogenase in the chloroplast or nucleus enables phosphite utilization and genetic selection in Picochlorum spp.

Microalgae present a path to ameliorate problems associated with climate change via capture and reduction of CO2 to sustainable fuels and chemicals. Picochlorum is a genus of algae recently recognized for potential application in these regards due to its high productivity, thermotolerance, and halotolerance. Foundational genetic tools have recently been established in this genus. However, at present, genetic markers are limited, hindering genetic throughput and trait stacking approaches. To expand the suite of genetic tools and markers available for this genus, we sought to heterologously express the phosphite dehydrogenase (ptxD) gene from Pseudomonas stutzeri WM88 in both the nucleus and chloroplast of Picochlorum renovo and Picochlorum celeri. Additionally, the resultant strains allow for utilization of phosphite as a sole phosphorous source and as a nuclear and plastidial selection marker for genetic engineering. Growth analysis indicated comparable growth and composition when transgenic algae were grown in media containing phosphite as a sole phosphorus source, as compared to the conventionally used phosphate. Combined, these results expand the genetic toolbox available to the Picochlorum genus and present a potential crop protection and biocontainment strategy.

09 BIOMASS FUELS↗
DOE OSTI2026

Closing the loop on plastics: Biological and hybrid routes for converting plastic waste to polyhydroxyalkanoates

Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production from plastic-derived substrates offers a promising route to mitigate plastic pollution while reducing dependence on conventional PHA feedstocks. Plastic waste represents an abundant carbon source for microbial fermentation, but efficient conversion remains limited by incomplete deconstruction, inhibitory intermediates, low carbon recovery, and challenges in process integration. Plastic-derived streams contain diverse compounds, including fatty acids, hydrocarbons, fatty alcohols, aldehydes, esters, and aromatic compounds generated during depolymerization. These intermediates can be metabolized by selected microorganisms, particularly Pseudomonas species with versatile fatty-acid and hydrocarbon pathways, as well as Cupriavidus necator and mixed microbial cultures. Unlike reviews that address plastic upcycling or PHA biosynthesis separately, this review focuses on the deconstruction–fermentation interface that governs plastic-to-PHA conversion. It consolidates current progress in plastic deconstruction, substrate conditioning, microbial metabolism, fermentation control, polymer recovery, and techno-economic and life-cycle considerations. Here, by emphasizing substrate composition, biological compatibility, plastic‑carbon recovery, and final polymer quality, the review identifies priorities for scalable and environmentally sustainable PHA production from plastic-derived substrates.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2021

Reduction and bacterial adsorption of dissolved mercuric ion by indigenous bacteria at the Oak Ridge Reservation site

Mercury exists in various forms in the environment and the indigenous bacteria mediated processes have the potential to be used for mercury remediation. In this study, two mixed cultures of indigenous bacteria at the Oak Ridge Reservation site (i.e., ORR soil culture and ORR sediment culture) were selected to study the microbial mediated mercuric reduction under an aerobic condition as well as mercury adsorption onto bacterial surfaces. PCR analysis was performed to provide insights into the microbial community. The mercuric volatilizing experiment demonstrated the mercuric reducing capacity for both ORR cultures, in which the Pseudomonas genus was the dominating Hg 0 producer. The investigation of the impact of the sole carbon source revealed the energy-dependent characteristics of the mercuric reduction in this study. Namely, the mercuric reduction was nearly not impacted by the type of carbon source but positively related to the energy that a unit amount of substrate could provide. The study also indicated that the mercury adsorption competed with the reduction. According to the fitting of the Langmuir isotherm, the ORR soil culture was found to have a higher mercury adsorption capacity (i.e., 67.5 mg Hg/g dry biomass) than the ORR sediment culture (i.e., 53.1 mg Hg/g dry biomass). The negative correlation between the reduced mercury mass and adsorbed mercury mass was identified for both ORR cultures.

37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CH↗
DOE OSTI2024

Sea cucumber ( Holothuria glaberrima ) intestinal microbiome dataset from Puerto Rico, generated by shotgun sequencing

The sea cucumber (H. glaberrima) is a species found in the shallow waters near coral reefs and seagrass beds in Puerto Rico. To characterize the microbial taxonomic composition and functional profiles present in the sea cucumber, total DNA was obtained from their intestinal system, fosmid libraries constructed, and subsequent sequencing was performed. The diversity profile displayed that the most predominant domain was Bacteria (76.56 %), followed by Viruses (23.24 %) and Archaea (0.04 %). Within the 11 phyla identified, the most abundant was Proteobacteria (73.16 %), followed by Terrabacteria group (3.20 %) and Fibrobacterota, Chlorobiota, Bacteroidota (FCB) superphylum (1.02 %). The most abundant species were Porvidencia rettgeri (21.77 %), Pseudomonas stutzeri (14.78 %), and Alcaligenes faecalis (5.00 %). The functional profile revealed that the most abundant functions are related to transporters, MISC (miscellaneous information systems), organic nitrogen, energy, and carbon utilization. The data collected in this project on the diversity and functional profiles of the intestinal system of the H. glaberrima provided a detailed view of its microbial ecology. These findings may motivate comparative studies aimed at understanding the role of the microbiome in intestinal regeneration.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2022

Reduction of selenite by bacterial exudates

Bacterial reduction of Se(IV) is a significant component of the global selenium cycle, and hence affects the fate and transport of selenium in both natural and contaminated environments. However, it is unknown whether bacterially-produced exudates are capable of reducing selenium independent of bacterial cells. In this study, we measured the rate and extent of Se(IV) reduction by exudates from three bacterial species, and we determined the importance of exudate sulfhydryl sites by conducting parallel experiments after treatment of the exudates with a sulfhydryl-specific blocking molecule. Here, we also conducted experiments with whole cell biomass for each of the three bacterial species to determine the importance of exudate-only reduction relative to whole biomass-promoted reduction. Under our experimental conditions, exudates from Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas putida remove Se(IV) from solution after an approximately 20-24 h lag period, but exudates from Shewanella oneidensis are ineffective at Se(IV) removal, except when the cells are grown in the presence of Se(IV). For both B. subtilis and P. putida , pretreatment blocking of the sulfhydryl sites on the exudate molecules dramatically decreases the rate and extent of Se(IV) removal, strongly suggesting that sulfhydryl groups on the exudate molecules play a key role in the Se(IV) reduction mechanism. The behavior of S. oneidensis exudates indicates that up-regulation of the Se(IV) reduction mechanism can occur in response to the Se content of the medium in which the cells grow. Our results demonstrate the capacity of some bacterial exudates to reduce Se(IV), and suggest that the activity of bacterial exudates should be accounted for when modeling selenium cycling in natural and engineered environments.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Extraction of high-purity medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoates via combined mechanical treatment and mild oxidation

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are a class of polyester polymers of microbial origin and considered biodegradable alternatives to conventional plastics. To make PHAs cost-competitive with synthetic plastics, their production cost, including extraction cost, should be significantly reduced. Herein, this study aimed to develop an effective extraction method based on combined mechanical disruption and chemical treatment for the recovery of high-purity medium-chain-length PHAs (mcl-PHAs) at a lower cost. mcl-PHAs-accumulating Pseudomonas strains were used for PHA extraction via high-pressure homogenization (HPH) coupled with surfactant treatment and mild alkaline hydrogen peroxide oxidation. The mechanical-chemical method was found to have strong synergy for PHA extraction while minimizing PHA depolymerization. The optimized condition resulted in nearly 90 % mcl-PHA recovery with high purity (>91 %). The extracted high-purity PHAs exhibited thermal and mechanical properties suitable for downstream applications entailing flexible and elastomeric materials.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2021

Biologically mediated abiotic degradation (BMAD) of bisphenol A by manganese-oxidizing bacteria

Bisphenol A (BPA), a chemical of environmental concern, is recalcitrant under anoxic conditions, but is susceptible to oxidative degradation by manganese(IV)-oxide (MnO 2 ). Microbial Mn(II)-oxidation generates MnO 2-bio ; however, BPA degradation in cultures of Mn(II)-oxidizing bacteria has not been explored. We assessed MnO 2-bio -mediated BPA degradation using three Mn(II)-oxidizing bacteria, Roseobacter sp. AzwK-3b, Erythrobacter sp. SD-21, and Pseudomonas putida GB-1. In cultures of all three strains, enhanced BPA degradation was evident in the presence of Mn(II) compared to replicate incubations without Mn(II), suggesting MnO 2-bio mediated BPA degradation. Increased Mn(II) concentrations up to 100 µM resulted in more MnO 2-bio formation but the highest BPA degradation rates were observed with 10 µM Mn(II). Compared to abiotic BPA degradation with 10 μM synthetic MnO 2 , live cultures of strain GB-1 amended with 10 μM Mn(II) consumed 9-fold more BPA at about 5-fold higher rates. Growth of strain AzwK-3b was sensitive to BPA and the organism showed increased tolerance against BPA in the presence of Mn(II), suggesting MnO 2-bio alleviated the inhibition by mediating BPA degradation. The findings demonstrate that Mn(II)-oxidizing bacteria contribute to BPA degradation but organism-specific differences exist, and for biologically-mediated-abiotic-degradation (BMAD), Mn-flux, rather than the absolute amount of MnO 2-bio , is the key determinant for oxidation activity.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

High-throughput screening of multifunctional nanocoatings based on combinations of polyphenols and catecholamines

Biomimetic surface coatings based on plant polyphenols and catecholamines have been used broadly in a variety of applications. However, the lack of a rational cost-effective platform for screening these coatings and their properties limits the true potential of these functional materials to be unleashed. Here, we investigated the oxidation behavior and coating formation ability of a library consisting of 45 phenolic compounds and catecholamines. UV–vis spectroscopy demonstrated significant acceleration of oxidation and polymerization under UV irradiation. We discovered that several binary mixtures resulted in non-additive behavior (synergistic or antagonistic effect) yielding much thicker or thinner coatings than individual compounds measured by ellipsometry. To investigate the properties of coatings derived from new combinations, we used a miniaturized high-throughput strategy to screen 2,532 spots coated with single, binary, and ternary combinations of coating precursors in one run. We evaluated the use of machine learning models to learn the relation between the chemical structure of the precursors and the thickness of the nanocoatings. Formation and stability of nanocoatings were investigated in a high-throughput manner via discontinuous dewetting. 30 stable combinations (hits) were used to tune the surface wettability and to form water droplet microarray and spot size gradients of water droplets on the coated surface. No toxicity was observed against eukaryotic HeLa cells and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (strain PA30) bacteria after 24 h incubation at 37 C. The strategy introduced here for high-throughput screening of nanocoatings derived from combinations of coating precursors enables the discovery of new functional materials for various applications in science and technology in a cost-effective miniaturized manner.

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE↗
DOE OSTI2021

Engineering improved ethylene production: Leveraging systems biology and adaptive laboratory evolution

Ethylene is a small hydrocarbon gas widely used in the chemical industry. Annual worldwide production currently exceeds 150 million tons, producing considerable amounts of CO 2 contributing to climate change. The need for a sustainable alternative is therefore imperative. Ethylene is natively produced by several different microorganisms, including Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola via a process catalyzed by the ethylene forming enzyme (EFE), subsequent heterologous expression of EFE has led to ethylene production in non-native bacterial hosts including E. coli and cyanobacteria. However, solubility of EFE and substrate availability remain rate limiting steps in biological ethylene production. We employed a combination of genome scale metabolic modelling, continuous fermentation, and protein evolution to enable the accelerated development of a high efficiency ethylene producing E. coli strain, yielding a 49-fold increase in production, the most significant improvement reported to date. Furthermore, we have clearly demonstrated that this increased yield resulted from metabolic adaptations that were uniquely linked to the EFE enzyme (WT vs mutant). Our findings provide a novel solution to deregulate metabolic bottlenecks in key pathways, which can be readily applied to address other engineering challenges.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2021

Development of platforms for functional characterization and production of phenazines using a multi-chassis approach via CRAGE

Phenazines (Phzs), a family of chemicals with a phenazine backbone, are secondary metabolites with diverse properties such as antibacterial, anti-fungal, or anticancer activity. The core derivatives of phenazine, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA) and phenazine-1,6-dicarboxylic acid (PDC), are themselves precursors for various other derivatives. Recent advances in genome mining tools have enabled researchers to identify many biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) that might produce novel Phzs. Here, to characterize the function of these BGCs efficiently, we performed modular construct assembly and subsequent multi-chassis heterologous expression using chassis-independent recombinase-assisted genome engineering (CRAGE). CRAGE allowed rapid integration of a PCA BGC into 23 diverse γ-proteobacteria species and allowed us to identify top PCA producers. We then used the top five chassis hosts to express four partially refactored PDC BGCs. A few of these platforms produced high levels of PDC. Specifically, Xenorhabdus doucetiae and Pseudomonas simiae produced PDC at a titer of 293 mg/L and 373 mg/L, respectively, in minimal media. These titers are significantly higher than those previously reported. Furthermore, selectivity toward PDC production over PCA production was improved by up to 9-fold. The results show that these strains are promising chassis for production of PCA, PDC, and their derivatives, as well as for function characterization of Phz BGCs identified via bioinformatics mining.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

Engineering quorum-sensing circuits in Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 towards self-inducible systems

Despite significant potential for cyanobacteria as sustainable bioproduction chases, there are limited examples of scaled cyanobacterial bioproduction. In part, this is because most cyanobacterial species are poorly adapted to bioreactor cultivation conditions and lack features that facilitate biomass growth and harvesting at scale. We explored quorum sensing (QS) pathways derived from heterotrophic microbes as a method for autoinduction of gene expression circuits coordinated to population density in cyanobacteria. Here, we integrated genetic modules designed to produce and detect the diffusible QS signal, acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs), in the cyanobacterial model, Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 (S. elongatus). We demonstrate that S. elongatus heterologously produces sufficient AHL signals to activate gene expression in a dose-dependent and population density-responsive manner. A hybrid combination of AHL synthesis enzyme from Vibrio fischeri (Lux system) with the transcription factor receiver from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Las system) provides an ideal activation ratio and mitigates toxicity observed with some AHL systems. As a proof of concept, we coupled the QS pathway to the expression of a cell division inhibitory gene, cdv3, facilitating late-phase cell elongation, cell sedimentation, and improved biomass recovery. Our findings provide a foundation for the development of auto-induction systems leverageable to improve cyanobacterial biotechnology applications.

Acyl homoserine lactones (AHL)↗