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At least 307 records · Page 17
All sourcesNASA NTRSDOE OSTI
DOE OSTI2021

Glovebox Ergonomics Basics for Ergonomists Course #50606 [Slides]

Upon completion of this course participants will: Have an understanding of common topics and terms associated with glovebox basics. Be able to identify common types of musculoskeletal disorders. Be able to identify high risk activities associated with glovebox activities. Be able to demonstrate knowledge of glovebox ergonomic controls and best practices. Be able to demonstrate knowledge of glovebox ergonomic design/usage guidance and best practices. Be able to demonstrate knowledge of preventable exercises for glovebox ergonomic injuries.

96 KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND PRESERVATION↗
DOE OSTI2021

Deep Learning for Fish Identification from Sonar Data: CRADA 481 [Abstract only]

To help solve the challenges of hydropower energy production related to the potential for eel injury and mortality from passage through hydropower turbines, we will develop a deep learning method for identifying migrating eels from imaging sonar. This project continues with a prior project conducted by the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) in FY2018-2019. The proposed method employs Convolution Neural Network (CNN), a powerful deep learning method for image classification, to distinguish between images of eels and non-eel moving objects. We propose to collect more laboratory data and add more existing field data to train a powerful deep learning model. In addition to eels and sticks as classified in previous studies, we will add images containing several non-eel fish species and macrophyte mats to the training data. A multi-class classification model will be developed to distinguish these objects. Object detection algorithm will be explored and developed to locate and identify multiple objects in each sonar frame. Motion analysis will be performed to track the movement of objects in sonar video clips. We will also improve the data conversion algorithm so that it can read in both DIDSON and ARIS (both are imaging sonars developed by Sound Metrics Corp) data files and convert them to images with comparably high resolution, regardless of the varying detection ranges in different environments. The developed algorithms will be packaged as a software with a graphic user interface. The software will be evaluated by external collaborators in the field. The developed framework can be generalized for automatic monitoring of fish passage and migration using other imaging sonars like ARIS and will benefit the design and operation of ecologically friendly hydroelectric projects. The developed wavelet and CNN model configuration parameters can potentially be transferred to lamprey detection in similar riverine environments.

13 HYDRO ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2022

PNNL CRADA No. 488, Amendment 2 with Natel Energy, Inc.: The Center Sender

Under the Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) No. 488, awarded to Natel Energy, Inc. (Natel) for third place in the Fish Protection Prize 2020 initiative, research was conducted on the Center Sender concept, a simple physical or combined physical and electrical device intended to guide fish to the safest path through a hydropower intake or water diversion. Applying this to a hydropower turbine, the Center Sender can be designed to divert fish to the center of the turbine, where blade velocities are slower and the risk of severe injuries due blade strike, pinching, and grinding are reduced.

13 HYDRO ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2021

43-0434 Bridge Inspection Report 2021

The documentation includes the following: 1. 2021 NMDOT Bridge Inspection Report including Element Level Data Collection (in digital formats prepared by NMSU)--conforms to the National Bridge Inspection Standards and AASHTO Manual for Bridge Element Inspection; 2. 2021 Supplemental Report (in digital formats prepared by NMSU)--provides detailed information related to current condition of major bridge components; 3. 2021 Inspection Pictures (in digital format prepared by NMSU); 4. 2021 Delamination Map (in digital format prepared by LANL). During the 2021 inspection, three critical findings were reported to our LANL contact, Mr. Jonathan Stein, by text and/or email on June 26, 2021. 1. The south joint of the bridge had a modular section of the joint that could potentially come loose during the passing of vehicles. This was reported as a critical finding for safety. If the modular section becomes dislodged or deformed it could pose a serious hazard that could result in a punctured tire to vehicles, motorcyclists and/or bicyclist causing drivers/riders to lose control; 2. The bracket plate located at the north end of the bridge on the pedestrian walkway was corroded through and provides little protection to pedestrians and bicyclists. This was reported as a critical finding for safety to prevent injuries to people; 3. The north approach rail has three missing posts. These posts help ensure that traffic is redirected and the energy is absorbed by the rail. This was reported as a critical finding for safety. Additionally, the approach rail is on a curve with a nearby drop off. Immediate repair is recommended. Based on the 2021 inspection, the bridge deck is rated in "fair" condition. The chain drag performed on the deck identified several areas with delamination that are concentrated near the expansion joints, in the closure joint of the deck near the bridge centerline, and at the south end of the northbound lanes. The chain drag performed during the 2021 inspection revealed 215,333 sq. in. (1495 sq. ft) of delaminations and patched areas (not including the sidewalk). This is approximately a 600% increase from 2019. It is recommended that the delaminations and spalls with exposed rebar be repaired. The "delaminated area" map for the 2021 inspection is provided in the supplemental report.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2023

Finding Of Adverse Effect and Proposed Mitigation for the Removal of Joshua Trees at Building 23-210, Mercury, Area 23, Nevada National Security Site, Nye County, Nevada

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Field Office (NNSA/NFO) recently removed two fallen Joshua trees that were part of an Accessory Resource (AR) to the former Department of Defense (DOD) Motor Pool Maintenance Compound in Mercury (Nevada State Historic Preservation Office [SHPO] Resource No. C307) on the Nevada National Security Site (NNSS) in Nye County, Nevada (Figure 1). The Joshua trees were part of AR3, a landscaped feature at the entrance to the compound. There are two remaining Joshua trees at risk of falling which may require removal in the future. The NNSA/NFO is proactively consulting with the SHPO regarding the potential removal of the remaining two trees. The purpose of the undertaking is to ensure that dead or dying Joshua trees do not cause damage to the remaining landscape elements, nor injury to NNSS employees. The NNSA/NFO will implement this undertaking in accordance with the Programmatic Agreement between the National Nuclear Security Administration Nevada Field Office and the Nevada State Historic Preservation Officer Regarding Modernization and Operational Maintenance of the Nevada National Security Site, at Mercury in Nye County, Nevada, hereafter referred to as the Mercury PA. Building 23-210 was the DOD’s motor vehicle maintenance compound constructed in 1951. The compound included its own repair shop and fuel station. The town of Mercury and the immediate surrounding area have been formally determined eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (National Register, NRHP) as the Mercury Historic District (MHD, SHPO Resource No. D230) under Criteria A and C for their importance in supporting nuclear testing and scientific research from 1951 through 1992. The former DOD Motor Pool Compound was identified as a contributing element to the MHD in a 2018 architectural survey of the district (Reno et al. 2018) and recorded on a Nevada Architectural Resource Assessment (ARA) form (Reno et al. 2017). The foundation for Building 23-210 was also identified in Appendix C of the Mercury PA as a Category III contributing element with three contributing ARs. Category III properties are those that may include elements for which there are several representatives in the MHD, such as foundations, and those elements which possess characteristics that are not unique to the MHD and are commonly found in other non-NNSS facilities. The former DOD compound, which is identified by the foundation for the Building 23-210 and its ARs, is a historic property for the purposes of compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) and subject to the stipulations of the Mercury PA.

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2024

Seismic Bracing Development for the Moore 3 Diamond Turning Machine at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

To allow for on-site Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate (KDP) crystal finishing capabilities, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) acquired the Moore 3 diamond turning machine. Equipment such as the Moore 3 is required by LLNL to have adequate seismic bracing before permanent installation to reduce the risk of personnel injury or machine damage during an earthquake. The purpose of this project was to design a bracket that can withstand seismic forces induced by the machine without hindering function. To develop a solution, background research—including stakeholder identification, stakeholder interviews, and a literature survey—was conducted. Based on LLNL site and stakeholder requirements, several approaches were developed for bracing the Moore 3. Ideations were evaluated based on a weighted decision matrix and a final design strategy was selected. This design was an L-shaped weldment that featured provisions for four HILTI concrete anchors, three triangular gussets, and a steel construction.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2024

Fall Protection Introduction: Instructor Guide

The proper use of fall prevention and fall protection controls can reduce the risk of deaths and injuries caused by falls. This course, Fall Protection Introduction (#33462), is designed as an introduction to various types of recognized fall prevention and fall protection systems at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), including guardrail systems, safety net systems, fall restraint systems, and fall arrest systems. Special emphasis is given to the components, inspection, care, and storage of personal fall arrest systems (PFAS). This course also presents controls for falling object hazards and emergency planning considerations for persons who have fallen.

99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS↗
DOE OSTI2024

The Challenges of Safe Troubleshooting Work

Troubleshooting work presents electrical and other workers with a challenging combination of physical hazards, working conditions, and time pressure, which can lead to unwanted outcomes if not carefully managed. Summaries of several incidents in which workers were injured or at risk of injury while performing troubleshooting work are presented, identifying organizational weaknesses and error precursors that contributed to each incident. The primary challenges include: Deranged equipment. Equipment that needs troubleshooting is not in a normal operating condition. Actions that are safe when the equipment is in a normal state may not be safe in the deranged state. Work planning and control. The steps taken in troubleshooting are most often determined by the results of the immediately previous diagnostic test, making effective work planning challenging. Multiple types of hazards. Most equipment will present a troubleshooting worker with several types of hazards, including hazardous energy as defined in 29 CFR 1910.147. Portions of the troubleshooting activity may be infeasible without these hazards present. Time pressure. Restoring operation of failed equipment often involves an explicit or implicit sense of urgency. There are effective methods for addressing each challenge, most of which require a combination of advance preparation and management commitment.

Mertz, David E.↗
DOE OSTI2024

2024 OES-Environmental 2024 State of the Science Report, Chapter 3: Marine Renewable Energy: Stressor-Receptor Interactions

Determining the potential effects of marine renewable energy (MRE) development on the ocean requires consideration of how each component of a tidal, wave, riverine, or other MRE system might affect marine animals, habitats that support marine communities, or processes that make up essential oceanographic and ecological systems. Researchers around the world have been assessing the potential effects of MRE deployments and operations using a variety of instruments, models, analytical methods, and approaches. The most common approach, and the one followed throughout this report, is the framework of stressor-receptor interactions (Boehlert & Gill 2010), where stressors are the components of an MRE device and associated system that may cause stress, injury, or death to a marine animal, habitat, or ecosystem. The receptors are the species, their habitats, and the oceanographic and ecological processes that support them.

16 TIDAL AND WAVE POWER↗
DOE OSTI2024

Graph-Based Modeling for the Detection and Tracking of Sarin-Surrogate-Induced Neurotoxicity Using a Human-Relevant, In-Vitro Brain Model

Organophosphorus (OP) nerve agents are a chemical threat to the United States, to the civilian population (e.g., pesticides) and historically weaponized (e.g., sarin) as chemical warfare agents. The unprecedented, accelerated process from “bench-to-bedside” during the SARSCov2 pandemic has made it clear that technology and tools need to be readily available for immediate response. Advances in human organ tissue mimetic systems are a promising technology to evaluate the human-relevant response in vitro for basic and applied research and drug screening. In particular, current brain microphysiological systems (MPS) have the capability to monitor and detect changes in engineered human neural circuit activity. However, current data analytics approaches for these systems lack the granularity to functionally detect and distinguish the different mechanisms that occur in the brain following neurotoxicity, injury, and disease. The goal of this project was to advance the computational analytical capabilities of the brain MPS to detect functional changes in neural circuit structure at different stages of Sarin surrogate-induced neurotoxicity. We developed graph-based models to (1) identify the composition of the neural circuit structure; (2) detect and monitor how this structure changes following sarin-induced neurotoxicity; and (3) evaluate the analytical pipeline using known/promising oxime reactivators. Through experiments on the bMPS where in vitro neuronal cultures were exposed to a sarin surrogate, we demonstrated the capabilities of our computational pipeline to identify different responses in the functional networks of brain cells exposed to low and high concentrations of the nerve agent. We identified a biphasic response of human neural network activity following exposure to a sarin-surrogate that had not been reported in the literature before. The graph-based models and software developed in this project can be used for future studies that leverage the brain MPS technology, such as treatment efficacy assessment.

59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES↗
DOE OSTI2025

HBET V3.0 Installation Manual

The Hydropower Biological Evaluation Toolset (HBET) V3.0 now requires Python v3.11.0 to be installed, following the addition of the absolute fish injury rate prediction feature. This version introduces two new strike metrics—based on velocity and pressure—to provide a more precise understanding of the biological effects of fish collisions with rigid structures within the fish passage system. Additionally, SQL Server 2019 is the supported database for this release. This installation guide will walk users through the process of installing HBET V3.0 along with all necessary dependencies.

13 HYDRO ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2021

High-Head Bypass Fish Passage Investigations: Year One (Final Report)

The goal of this first year study is to investigate the effects of downstream passage on fish health by comparing two methods: downstream fish passage at a high head dam through a bypass system, and downstream fish passage at a collection facility with vehicle conveyance to understand which method best supports achieving biological performance metrics, and what structural design or operational changes can be implemented to reduce stress and mortality in juvenile Chinook salmon. This study will occur at Green Peter Dam (or Green Peter). To achieve this goal, we will evaluate stress, injury, and mortality rates of downstream migrating juveniles after passage through a bypass system compared to holding fish in a collection facility and vehicle conveyance (trap and haul). This study will be conducted by researchers from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in collaboration with researchers from Oregon State University (OSU). Results from this study will be used to inform the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Product Delivery Teams (PDTs) charged with designing improvements for downstream juvenile fish passage at high head dams in the Willamette River basin. The broader intent is to support management decisions on long-term measures and operations to rebuild populations of Upper Willamette River spring Chinook salmon listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act.

13 HYDRO ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2026

1016516285-AA - Handling Frame Assembly Table Structural and Seismic Analysis

Within the NIF (National Ignition Facility) sustainment project, LLNL is replacing all 1,728 blast shields with new ones. Before the new blast shield glass can be installed on NIF, it must pass through the AMOL (Amplifier Main Optics Loop). The AMOL process involves cleaning and coating the glass, assembling it into a Line Replaceable Unit (LRU), and performing testing and inspection. This work will be conducted in the OPFX cleanroom facility (Building 391, Room 1250) and requires several pieces of custom equipment. One key piece of equipment within the loop is the Handling Frame Assembly Table (see Figure 1.1). Its purpose is to assist operators in installing the blast shield glass into handling frames (1014442709) (see Figure 1.2). The table is also used to store handling frame assembly components. The primary components stored are the L-frames (1015208271), which are kept in a drawer underneath the table (see Figure 1.3). The purpose of this safety note is to ensure that the system does not pose a risk of injury to personnel during a seismic event. The system owner is OMST Engineering & Maintenance.

42 ENGINEERING↗
DOE OSTI2026

Effects of White Sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) Passage Through a Novel Hydropower Turbine and Implications for Long-Term Survival

Researchers from UC Davis and Natel Energy compared a novel "Restoration Hydropower Turbine" against a conventional turbine design to evaluate their physical and physiological effects on juvenile White Sturgeon. The study found that the new design achieved over 99% survival across all test speeds, whereas the conventional turbine caused significant mortality and injury due to blade strikes. Furthermore, long-term monitoring showed that fish passing through the new turbine experienced no meaningful or persistant negative impacts on their growth, behavior, or stress levels.

13 HYDRO ENERGY↗
DOE OSTI2021

Towards Resolving the Risk of Turbine Collision on Fish: FY21-22 Seedling Report Phase I

The most important concern for permitting tidal and river turbines is the collision risk of marine animals with the turbine blades. Our understanding of the risk to individual fish from colliding with turbine blades is poor; if these collisions were to occur, it is unknown whether fish will sustain recoverable injuries or be killed. Equally unknown is the impact these collisions might have on populations, particularly for threatened, endangered, or commercially managed fish species. In addition to observations of interactions of fish with turbines, numerical models need to be developed or expanded to predict impacts on fish populations. These models could replace expensive and technically challenging monitoring programs in high energy, often murky, tidal or river waters. In this project, a multi-pronged approach was taken to understand the state of knowledge for collision risk of fish with turbines and build a pathway forward. This approach included a workshop with experts, a literature review of modeling and empirical studies, the development of a research framework, and the identification of case studies to address through future work. This project is a first step towards the future development of effective and robust numerical models for assessing the collision risk of fish around turbines. This will achieve a balanced and improved estimate of the severity of collision risk to fish at the population scale.

Garavelli, Lysel↗
DOE OSTI2021

AI-Enabled Robotic NDE for Structural Damage Assessment and Repair

The aim of this paper is to develop the concept and a prototype of an intelligent mobile robotic platform that is integrated with nondestructive evaluation (NDE) capabilities for autonomous live inspection and repair. In many industrial environments, such as the application of power plant boiler inspection, human inspectors often have to perform hazardous and challenging tasks. There is a significant chance of injury, considering the confined spaces and limited visibility of the inspection environment and hazards such as pressurization and improper water levels. In order to provide a solution to eliminate these dangers, the concept of a new robotic system was developed and prototyped that is capable of autonomously sweeping the region to be inspected. The robot design contains systematic integration of components from robotics, NDE, and artificial intelligence (AI). A magnetic track system is used to navigate over the vertical steel structures required for examination. While moving across the inspection area, the robot uses an NDE sensor to acquire data for inspection and repair. This paper presents a design of a portable NDE scanning system based on eddy current array probes, which can be customized and installed on various mobile robot platforms. Machine learning methods are applied for semantic segmentation that will simultaneously localize and recognize defects without the need of human intervention. Experiments were conducted that show the NDE and repair capabilities of the system. Improvements in human safety and structural damage prevention, as well as lowering the overall costs of maintenance, are possible through the implementation of this robotic NDE system.

Materials Science↗
DOE OSTI2024

In vivo evaluation of an adaptive resuscitation controller using whole blood and crystalloid infusates for hemorrhagic shock

Introduction Hemorrhage remains the leading cause of preventable death on the battlefield. The most effective means to increase survivability is early hemorrhage control and fluid resuscitation. Unfortunately, fluid resuscitation requires constant adjustments to ensure casualty is properly managed, which is often not feasible in the pre-hospital setting. In this study, we showed how an adaptive closed-loop controller for hemorrhage resuscitation can be used to automate hemodynamic management using a swine hemorrhagic shock injury model. Methods The adaptive resuscitation controller (ARC) was previously developed to track pressure–volume responsiveness in real time and adjust its infusion rate to reach the target mean arterial pressure (MAP). Swine while maintained under a surgical plane of anesthesia and analgesia underwent a splenectomy, followed by two hemorrhage and resuscitation events. For the first resuscitation event, hemorrhage was induced to reduce the MAP to 35 mmHg until arterial lactate reached 4 mmol/L. The ARC system then infused whole blood (WB) to reach the target MAP and maintained the subject using crystalloids for 120 min. For the second resuscitation event, the subjects were hemorrhaged again but resuscitated using only crystalloid infusion to reach the target MAP and 120-min maintenance. Results The ARC was effective at WB resuscitation, reaching the target MAP in 2.0 ± 1.0 min. The median performance error was 1.1% ± 4.6%, and target overshoot was 14.4% ± 7.0% of the target MAP. The ARC maintained all animals throughout the 120 min maintenance period. For the second crystalloid-based resuscitation, ARC required a longer time to reach the target MAP, at an average rise time of 4.3 ± 4.0 min. However, target overshoot was reduced to 8.4% ± 7.3% of the target MAP. Much higher flow rates were required to maintain the target MAP during the second resuscitation event than during the first resuscitation event. Discussion The ARC was able to rapidly reach and maintain the target MAP effectively. However, this sometimes required large volumes of fluid as the ARC’s only goal was to reach the target MAP. Further clinical insight is needed regarding the preferred aggression level to achieve the target MAP. In conclusion, the ARC was successful in its programmed objective of reaching and maintaining the target MAP for extended periods of time in vivo , a critical next step toward improving hemorrhage treatment in the pre-hospital environment.

Snider, Eric J.↗
DOE OSTI2025

Case Report: Differential diagnosis of hematuria in the emergency department: emphasizing double J stent-inferior vena cava fistula

Introduction Hematuria, a common clinical indicator of genitourinary tract pathology, arises from diverse etiologies including calculi, infections, malignancies, trauma, and iatrogenic causes. Initial evaluation requires hemodynamic assessment, identification of underlying causes, and urinary drainage optimization. This report highlights a rare case of iatrogenic hematuria secondary to double-J stent migration into the inferior vena cava. Case presentation A Chinese male presented with acute left flank pain and gross hematuria persisting for 4 h. Diagnostic imaging revealed a left ureteral stone, prompting double-J stent placement at a local hospital. Despite intervention, hematuria worsened, necessitating abdominal CT. Imaging identified proximal migration of the left double-J stent into the inferior vena cava, with no evidence of vascular injury. Due to concerns regarding inadequate drainage and infection risk, conservative management without catheter clamping was initiated prior to referral. Definitive treatment involved ureteroscopic stent removal under direct visualization at our institution, resulting in rapid symptom resolution. Conclusion This case emphasizes three critical clinical insights: (1) Persistent postoperative hematuria warrants consideration of iatrogenic causes, particularly following urologic device placement. (2) Imaging modalities, especially CT, are indispensable for detecting atypical stent migration. (3) Comprehensive history-taking must include prior urologic interventions to guide differential diagnosis. While double-J stent migration into major vessels remains exceptionally rare, its recognition prevents delayed management of potentially life-threatening complications. Clinicians should maintain heightened vigilance for device-related hematuria in patients with refractory symptoms post-procedurally, ensuring prompt imaging evaluation and multidisciplinary intervention when indicated.

Qi, Wenqi↗