GCF Compatibility with Packets and Data Compression
Some missions which use packets and/or compression may want an undetected GCF block error rate of 10 to the minus 6th power. It is shown that the present GCF meets this requirement.
Posner, E. C.↗
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Search indexed NASA NTRS and DOE OSTI research on propulsion, heat transfer, battery materials and energy systems. Follow report and document links to the original sources.
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Packet flutter and aerodynamic modes for non-homogenous airfoil cascades in highly distorted, periodic, stationary throughflows
An analytical investigation of the general flutter characteristics of periodically detuned airfoil cascades kept in periodically nonuniform basic flows is conducted under the assumption of linearized aerodynamics. The existence of certain packet flutter modes is studied, as are the specific aerodynamic modes to be used in the calculation of the aerodynamic coefficients such that the number of blade passages in the computational domain is minimized. The interpretation of the critical flutter condition for nonuniform flows is examined.
Mengle, V. G.↗
Wave packets and WKB theory in phase space
A practical difficulty of traditional Wentzel-Kramer-Brillouin (WKB) theory is that it suffers from non-physical infinities at caustics. A theoretical difficulty is that it does not possess any reasonable covariance or invariance properties under transformations in phase space. It turns out that the solution of one of these problems also solves the other, and leads to a version of WKB theory in phase space. The new theory is most easily implemented by using wave packets.
Littlejohn, Robert G.↗
Solitary waves in the resonant phenomenon between a surface gravity wave packet and an internal gravity wave
A two-layer inviscid incompressible fluid system of intermediate depth is considered. A multiple-scales perturbation technique is applied to the basic equations and boundary conditions for a two-layer fluid system to derive a system of weakly nonlinear partial integrodifferential equations governing the resonant interaction between a surface gravity wave packet and an internal gravity wave at an intermediate depth, providing a bridge between the existing shallow and deep fluid theories. The convolution integral term in these equations accounts for the dispersion in the lower-layer fluid. An iterative fast Fourier transform scheme is developed to find solitary wave solutions to this system of equations. The overtaking collision of two pairs of solitary waves, simulated using a spectral method, is found to be inelastic. It is found that the amplitude of the solitary waves changes slightly after the collision. The phase shifts these solitary waves undergo was calculated numerically.
Sepulveda, Nicasio↗
Fokker-Planck electron diffusion caused by an obliquely propagating electromagnetic wave packet of narrow bandwidth
The relativistic motion of electrons in an intense electromagnetic wave packet propagating obliquely to a uniform magnetic field is analytically studied on the basis of the Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov (FPK) approach. The wavepacket consists of circularly polarized electron-cyclotron waves. The dynamical system in question is shown to be reducible to one with three degrees of freedom. Within the framework of the Hamiltonian analysis the nonlinear diffusion tensor is derived, and it is shown that this tensor can be separated into zeroth-, first-, and second-order parts with respect to the relative bandwidth. The zeroth-order part describes diffusive acceleration along lines of constant unperturbed Hamiltonian. The second-order part, which corresponds to the longest time scale, describes diffusion across those lines. A possible transport theory is outlined on the basis of this separation of the time scales.
Hizanidis, Kyriakos↗
Discrete wave packets upstream from the earth and comets
Discrete wave packets are nearly monochromatic waves lasting several wave cycles which are frequently found on the leading edge of steepened low-frequency waves or shocklets upstream from the earth's bow shock. Similarly appearing waves are present at comet Giacobini-Zinner. To determine if these waves are the same as those observed at earth a detailed comparison of the properties of the two sets of waves is presented. The waves have very similar amplitudes, durations, and directions of propagation. Thus it is concluded that the source mechanism for the two phenomena must be the same, i.e., wave steepening.
Le, G.↗
Discrete wave packets upstream from the earth and comets
Discrete wave packets are nearly monochromatic waves lasting several wave cycles which are frequently found on the leading edge of steepened low-frequency waves or shocklets upstream from the earth's bow shock. They apparently are whistler-mode waves which are generated as the shocklets steepen. These shocklets are blown back across the spacecraft so that the structure is observed in reverse order. Similarly appearing waves are present at comet Giacobini-Zinner. To determine if these waves are the same as those observed at earth a detailed comparison of the properties of the two sets of waves was undertaken. The waves have very similar amplitudes, durations, and directions of propagation.
Le, G.↗
The theory of magnetohydrodynamic wave generation by localized sources. II - Collisionless dissipation of wave packets
The dispersion equation of Barnes (1966) is used to study the dissipation of asymptotic wave packets generated by localized periodic sources. The solutions of the equation are linear waves, damped by Landau and transit-time processes, in a collisionless warm plasma. For the case of an ideal MHD system, most of the waves emitted from a source are shown to cancel asympotically through destructive interference. The modes transporting significant flux to asymptotic distances are found to be Alfven waves and fast waves with theta (the angle between the magnetic field and the characteristics of the far-field waves) of about 0 and about pi/2.
Collins, William↗
A numerically exact full wave packet approach to molecule-surface scattering
A numerically exact spectral method for solving the time-dependent Schroedinger equation in spherical coordinates is described. The angular dependence of the wave function is represented on a two-dimensional grid of evenly spaced points. The fast Fourier transform algorithm is used to transform between the angle space representation of the wave function and its conjugate representation in momentum space. The time propagation of the wave function is evaluated using an expansion of the time evolution operator as a series of Chebyshev polynomials. Calculations performed for a model system representing H2 scattering from a rectangular corrugated surface yield transition probabilities that are in excellent agreement with those obtained using the close-coupling wave packet (CCWP) method. However, the new method is found to require substantially more computation time than the CCWP method because of the large number of grid points needed to represent the angular dependence of the wave function and the variation in the number of terms required in the Chebyshev representation of the time evolution operator.
Mowrey, R. C.↗
Simulation of the collapse and dissipation of Langmuir wave packets
Particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations and Zakharov's partial differential equations (PDEs) are used to investigate the collapse of isolated Langmuir wave packets in two dimensions. Collapse thresholds are determined numerically, and the roles of enhanced Langmuir wave damping and nonlinearities not included in the standard Zakharov equations are discussed. The Langmuir wave and ion dynamics in PIC simulations are compared with the predictions of PDE simulations incorporating enhanced Langmuir damping. Electron heating and coherent acceleration in the PIC simulations are discussed and compared with predictions of the transit-time theory.
Newman, D. L.↗
Application of CCSDS packet telemetry recommendations by JPL
The Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) has adopted three Recommendations dealing with telemetry for conventional missions: Packet Telemetry, Telemetry Channel Coding and Time Code Formats. The currently flying JPL spacecraft were designed prior to the adoption of these Recommendations. Future JPL missions will be compatible, as will the Deep Space Network and Space Flight Operations Center. This paper discusses ways in which application of the Recommendations causes or allows functions to be done differently from previous JPL projects, including the impact on timing and on telemetry adaptability.
Moyd, K. I.↗
A comparison of three time-dependent wave packet methods for calculating electron-atom elastic scattering cross sections
Three time-dependent wave packet methods for performing elastic scattering calculations from screened Coulomb potentials are compared. The three methods are the time-dependent amplitude density method (TDADM), a Cayley-transform method (CTM), and the Chebyshev propagation method of Tal-Ezer and Kosloff. Both the TDADM and the CTM are based on a time-dependent integral equation for the wave function. In the first, the time-dependent amplitude density is propagated, while in the other two, the wave function is propagated. As a numerical example, phase shifts and cross sections are calculated using a screened Coulomb, Yukawa type potential over the range 200-1000 eV. It is found that, in most cases, all three methods yield comparable accuracy and are about equally efficient computationally. However for l = 0, where the Coulomb well is not screened by the centrifugal potential, the TDADM requires smaller grid spacings to maintain accuracy.
Judson, Richard S.↗
Wire transfer of charge packets using a CCD-BBD structure for charge-domain signal processing
A structure for the virtual transfer of charge packets across metal wires is described theoretically and is experimentally verified. The structure is a hybrid of charge-coupled device (CCD) and bucket-brigade device (BBD) elements and permits the topological crossing of charge-domain signals in low power signal processing circuits. A test vehicle consisting of 8-, 32-, and 96-stage delay lines of various geometries implemented in a double-poly, double-metal foundry process is used to characterize the wire-transfer operation. Transfer efficiency ranging between 0.998 and 0.999 is obtained for surface n-channel devices with clock cycle times in the range from 40 ns to 0.3 ms. Transfer efficiency as high as 0.9999 is obtained for buried n-channel devices. Good agreement is found between experiment and simulation.
Fossum, Eric R.↗
Destination directed packet switch architecture for a 30/20 GHz FDMA/TDM geostationary communication satellite network
Emphasis is on a destination directed packet switching architecture for a 30/20 GHz frequency division multiplex access/time division multiplex (FDMA/TDM) geostationary satellite communication network. Critical subsystems and problem areas are identified and addressed. Efforts have concentrated heavily on the space segment; however, the ground segment was considered concurrently to ensure cost efficiency and realistic operational constraints.
Ivancic, William D.↗
Destination-directed, packet-switching architecture for 30/20-GHz FDMA/TDM geostationary communications satellite network
A destination-directed packet switching architecture for a 30/20-GHz frequency division multiple access/time division multiplexed (FDMA/TDM) geostationary satellite communications network is discussed. Critical subsystems and problem areas are identified and addressed. Efforts have concentrated heavily on the space segment; however, the ground segment has been considered concurrently to ensure cost efficiency and realistic operational constraints.
Ivancic, William D.↗
Modeling of video traffic in packet networks, low rate video compression, and the development of a lossy+lossless image compression algorithm
During this reporting period we have worked on three somewhat different problems. These are modeling of video traffic in packet networks, low rate video compression, and the development of a lossy + lossless image compression algorithm, which might have some application in browsing algorithms. The lossy + lossless scheme is an extension of work previously done under this grant. It provides a simple technique for incorporating browsing capability. The low rate coding scheme is also a simple variation on the standard discrete cosine transform (DCT) coding approach. In spite of its simplicity, the approach provides surprisingly high quality reconstructions. The modeling approach is borrowed from the speech recognition literature, and seems to be promising in that it provides a simple way of obtaining an idea about the second order behavior of a particular coding scheme. Details about these are presented.
Sayood, K.↗
Destination directed packet switch architecture for a geostationary communication satellite network
A major effort at NASA/Lewis is to identify and develop critical digital technologies and components that enable new commercial missions or significantly improve the performance, cost efficiency, and/or reliability of existing and planned space comunications systems. NASA envisions the need for low data rate, direct to the user communications services, for data, facsimile, voice, and video conferencing. A report that focuses on destination directed packet switching architectures for geostationary communication satellites is presented.
Ivancic, W. D.↗
Wave packet motion in harmonic potential and computer visualization
Wave packet motions of a single electron in harmonic potentials or a magnetic field are obtained analytically. The phase of the wave function which depends on both time and space is also presented explicitly. The probability density of the electron changes its width and central position periodically. These results are visualized using computer animation techniques.
Tsuru, Hideo↗